Adult Wellness Flashcards

1
Q

When should chemoprophylaxis being with ASA?

A

Men older than 45
Postmenopause Women
Young People risk for CHD
– Stop at 79 years old –

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2
Q

What are the colon cancer screening requirements?

A
Age 50+ for average risk
Age 40 for FamHx
--Fecal occult blood, yearly
--Sigmoidoscopy, 3-5 years
--Colonoscopy, every 10 years
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3
Q

When do you screen for diabetes?

A

Adults with elevated blood pressure, 135/80+ (sustained) - Check with fasting glucose / A1C

  • Overweight or Obese Adults
  • Under 45 years old, if inactive, FamHx, HTN, HLD
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4
Q

When do you screen for hyperlipidemia?

A

Men 35+
Women 45+
Anyone 20+, if increased risk

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5
Q

What is the general rule of thumb for screening tests for UTI, Hepatitis, Ovarian, Pancreatic, Testicular cancers?

A

Do not test for them, unless they have symptoms or an indication for testing. Extra costs and unnecessary worry from the patient with false positives.

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6
Q

What is the most common cause of death in 25-45 year olds?

A

Unintentional Injuries

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7
Q

What is the most common cause of death of 45-65 year olds?

A

Malignant Neoplasms

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8
Q

What is the most common cause of death of 65+?

A

Heart Disease

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9
Q

Who should get the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine?

A
  • -65+
  • -Smokers / Chronic Disease
    • Alaskans
    • Nursing Home Residents
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10
Q

Who should get the meningococcal vaccine?

A

Asplenic, College/Military, international travel

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11
Q

Who should get the herpes Zoster vaccine?

A

Adults 60+

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12
Q

When should the HPV vaccine be given and for whom?

A

Males/Fems – 11-16 years

– Abnormal Pap with positive HPV

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13
Q

What screening tests should be performed on every office visit?

A

Alcohol, BP, Depression, Obesity, Tobacco

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14
Q

What is breast cancer screening recommendation?

A

Every 2 years after age of 50, but some believe 40. Patient’s decision based on their worry, increased risk of false positives the younger

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15
Q

What is the RISE mnemonic in preventative care?

A

Risk Assessment
Immunizations
Screening Tests
Education

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16
Q

Patients with history of domestic violence presents for what usually?

A

Chronic pain, anxiety, insomnia, drug use, depression

17
Q

What is the recommendation for exercise in adults?

A

30 minutes of moderate exercise most days of the week

18
Q

What should be dieting goals of weight loss per week?

A

0.5 to 1 lbs per week

19
Q

Who should get screening for AAA?

A

One time abdominal ultrasound men aged 65-75 who have smoked at one point in their life

20
Q

Are EKG good screening tests for CAD or PAD?

A

No. Not recommended for asympatomatic patients.

21
Q

Who should get Hep A vaccination?

A
  • -Travel
    • Chronic Liver disease
    • Clotting factor dysfunction
    • men who have sex with men
22
Q

What are the goals with elderly maintenance exams?

A

Optimization of quality of life
Satisfaction with life
Maintenance of independence and productivity

23
Q

What do patients have an increased risk of who are unable to perform instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs)?

A

Dementia

+falls, fractures, depression

24
Q

What are common things needed to be screened for in elderly that is not necessary in younger adults?

A

Vision, Hearing, Fall Assessment, Cognition

25
Q

What should you be suspicious of if a patient comes in with hearing loss between 20-40 years old?

A

Otosclerosis – presents earlier than age related hearing loss

26
Q

How is central auditory processing disorder different from presbycusis?

A

They are able to hear sounds normally, but difficulty understanding spoken language. (Rare)
– Loss of speech discrimination

27
Q

After the age of 60 what kind of cognitive testing should be performed?

A

Dementia Testing

  • Clock Draw
  • Three-item recall
28
Q

What two questions screen should be used for depression in elderly?

A
  • Have you felt down/depressed/hopeless in the last 2 weeks?

- Have you felt little interest of pleasure in doing things?

29
Q

How does presbycusis present in elderly?

A

Symmetric hearing loss
High frequency loss
Loss of speech discrimination
Sensorineural degradation