adult stem cells

Question 1

DEFINE: cellular homeostasis

Answer 1

constant or periodic addition of new cells to replace old, damaged or dying cells, or the addition of new cells as needed

Question 2

how is the stem cell anchored to support cells/

Answer 2

cell adhesion molecules

receptor-ligand interactions

Question 3

where are hematopoietic stem cells found

Answer 3

bone marrow
umbilical cord
blood
placental tissue

Question 4

describe the signals in the hematopoietic stem cell niche involved in maintaining stemness

Answer 4

scf secreted by support cells

jak/stat & BMP signals important for maintaining the niche

Question 5

describe the skin cell stem cell niche

Answer 5

hair shaft has a bulge where stem cells are located

Question 6

subventricular zone

Answer 6

• lines the lateral ventricles
• newly born neurons migrate to the olfactory bulb via rostral migratory stream
• important in animals that use smell as a major sense

Question 7

what are the 3 sources of neural stem cells?

Answer 7

• subventricular zone
• subgranular zone in dentate gyrus of hippocampus
• hypothalamus

Question 8

what are transit amplifying cells

Answer 8

1st progenitors arising from stem cells - pluripotent cells that undergo many symmetrical divisions to generate many progenitors

Question 9

what are some potential uses for mini gut organoids

Answer 9

• testing drugs
• understanding gut stem cell and crypt
• cell therapy
• post-endoscopic mucosal resections
• understanding diseases by comparing diseased organoid to WT organoid