Adult Consequences of Childhood Trauma Flashcards
what three aspects depict the outcome of dental treatment for trauma
severity of injury sustained
stage of root development
timing of treatment
what is the complication associated with enamel-dentine fracture
pulp necrosis
what is the complication associated with enamel-dentine- pulp fracture
pulp canal obliteration
what is a subluxation injury
tooth is a bit wobbly but has not bee pushed out of place
what is a concussion injury
injury to the supporting tooth structures without any mobility of the tooth but responds to percussion
what is an extrusion injury
tooth is pushed out of socket in axial direction
what is a lateral luxation injury
tooth is pushed out of socket palatally or labially
what is a dento-alveolar fracture
the alveolus supporting the tooth is fractured
what is an intrusion injury
tooth is pushed into the alveolus, the PDL is crushed and the blood supply to the tooth is crushed
what is an avulsion injury
complete displacement of the tooth from the socket
what is usually the treatment for an intrusion
endo
what are the aspects of treatment when treating a tooth with an open apex
maintain pulpal vitality
preserve blood supply
causes regeneration
what are the aspects of treatment when treating a tooth with a closed apex
maintain pulpal vitality
preservation of blood supply
prevent ingress or eliminate bacteria and toxins
what time period would an acute treatment be associated with
less than 3 hours
what time period would a subacute treatment be associated with
3-24 hours
what time period would a delayed treatment be associated with
more than 24 hours
what timing for treatment is needed for avulsions
immediate reimplantation or acute
what timing for treatment is needed for an alveolar fracture
acute
what timing for treatment is needed for an extrusion or lateral luxation
acute or subacute
what timing for treatment is needed for a root fracture
acute or subacute
what timing for treatment is required for a concussion or subluxation
subacute
what timing for treatment is required for crown or crown-root fractures
subacute or delayed
what are some potential long term complications of trauma
discolouration
loss of vitality
inflammatory root resorption
unfavourable tooth positions
defects in hard and soft tissues
what discolouration can occur internally following trauma
yellow, pink, grey and black
what is yellow discolouration indicative of
canal obliteration
what causes internal yellow discolouration
tertiary dentine produced reduces light transmission
what is the treatment for internal yellow discolouration
local external bleaching
what is pink discolouration indicative of
rupture of blood vessels causing haemorrhage in pulp chamber
what causes pink discolouration
blood components flow into dentinal tubules and cause discolouration of surrounding dentine
what may present as a pink dot at the cervical margin of the crown
cervical root resorption
can pink discolouration be reversed
if there is no necrosis - maybe when the pulp revascularizes
if there is pulpal necrosis - no
what is grey discolouration indicative of
non-infected traumatised teeth accumulating haemoglobin molecules
what causes grey discolouration
hydrogen sulphates produced by bacteria convert iron into dark coloured iron sulphates
when would pulpal necrosis and apical periodontitis occur following trauma
if revascularisation fails
what are some diagnostic indicators of pulpal necrosis
periapical radiolucency
grey discolouration
no response to sensitivity tests
tenderness to percussion
presence of sinus tracts
what is the treatment for pulpal necrosis
primary endodontics
internal bleaching
extraction and prosthetic replacement
when would unfavourable tooth positions occur
following displacement injuries
what is the management to minimise risk of complications following displacement injuries
repositioning and splinting for 24 hours
what is the treatment for minimal changes in tooth positioning
addition of composite
removal of tooth tissue
what is the treatment for significant alterations in apico-coronal tooth position
extra coronal restorations
ortho repositioning
what can occur in displacement injuries that means we need to intervene quickly
ankylosis
why does infra-occlusion occur
anyklosis/ replacement root resorption resulting from injury
what treatment is available for infra occluded teeth
not amendable to ortho repositioning
what does treatment of infra occlusion usually depend on
prognosis of teeth
degree of infra occlusion
wishes of patient
lip line
what are examples of defects in hard and soft tissues following trauma
gingival lacerations/ abrasions
alveolar fractures
what is the management for adults with bone deficiencies
bone graft
orthodontic extrusion therapy
what is the management for adults with soft tissue deficiencies
mucogingical surgery
connective tissue grafting
frenectomies
implants
what is the management options for children with hard and soft tissue deficiencies
extractions
coronectomies
when should your follow ups continue for any of the displacement injuries
yearly up to five years
what are potential difficulties with treatment of displaced teeth
alcohol related frequency
psychopathology
non-transfer of dental records UK
what are long term complications of dental trauma
external cervical root resorption
internal inflammatory root resorption
external inflammatory resorption
altered tooth position
