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BDS3 Operative Dentistry > Adult Consequences of Childhood Trauma > Flashcards

Adult Consequences of Childhood Trauma Flashcards

1
Q

what three aspects depict the outcome of dental treatment for trauma

A

severity of injury sustained
stage of root development
timing of treatment

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2
Q

what is the complication associated with enamel-dentine fracture

A

pulp necrosis

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3
Q

what is the complication associated with enamel-dentine- pulp fracture

A

pulp canal obliteration

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4
Q

what is a subluxation injury

A

tooth is a bit wobbly but has not bee pushed out of place

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5
Q

what is a concussion injury

A

injury to the supporting tooth structures without any mobility of the tooth but responds to percussion

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6
Q

what is an extrusion injury

A

tooth is pushed out of socket in axial direction

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7
Q

what is a lateral luxation injury

A

tooth is pushed out of socket palatally or labially

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8
Q

what is a dento-alveolar fracture

A

the alveolus supporting the tooth is fractured

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9
Q

what is an intrusion injury

A

tooth is pushed into the alveolus, the PDL is crushed and the blood supply to the tooth is crushed

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10
Q

what is an avulsion injury

A

complete displacement of the tooth from the socket

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11
Q

what is usually the treatment for an intrusion

A

endo

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12
Q

what are the aspects of treatment when treating a tooth with an open apex

A

maintain pulpal vitality
preserve blood supply
causes regeneration

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13
Q

what are the aspects of treatment when treating a tooth with a closed apex

A

maintain pulpal vitality
preservation of blood supply
prevent ingress or eliminate bacteria and toxins

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14
Q

what time period would an acute treatment be associated with

A

less than 3 hours

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15
Q

what time period would a subacute treatment be associated with

A

3-24 hours

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16
Q

what time period would a delayed treatment be associated with

A

more than 24 hours

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17
Q

what timing for treatment is needed for avulsions

A

immediate reimplantation or acute

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18
Q

what timing for treatment is needed for an alveolar fracture

A

acute

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19
Q

what timing for treatment is needed for an extrusion or lateral luxation

A

acute or subacute

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20
Q

what timing for treatment is needed for a root fracture

A

acute or subacute

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21
Q

what timing for treatment is required for a concussion or subluxation

A

subacute

22
Q

what timing for treatment is required for crown or crown-root fractures

A

subacute or delayed

23
Q

what are some potential long term complications of trauma

A

discolouration
loss of vitality
inflammatory root resorption
unfavourable tooth positions
defects in hard and soft tissues

24
Q

what discolouration can occur internally following trauma

A

yellow, pink, grey and black

25
Q

what is yellow discolouration indicative of

A

canal obliteration

26
Q

what causes internal yellow discolouration

A

tertiary dentine produced reduces light transmission

27
Q

what is the treatment for internal yellow discolouration

A

local external bleaching

28
Q

what is pink discolouration indicative of

A

rupture of blood vessels causing haemorrhage in pulp chamber

29
Q

what causes pink discolouration

A

blood components flow into dentinal tubules and cause discolouration of surrounding dentine

30
Q

what may present as a pink dot at the cervical margin of the crown

A

cervical root resorption

31
Q

can pink discolouration be reversed

A

if there is no necrosis - maybe when the pulp revascularizes
if there is pulpal necrosis - no

32
Q

what is grey discolouration indicative of

A

non-infected traumatised teeth accumulating haemoglobin molecules

33
Q

what causes grey discolouration

A

hydrogen sulphates produced by bacteria convert iron into dark coloured iron sulphates

34
Q

when would pulpal necrosis and apical periodontitis occur following trauma

A

if revascularisation fails

35
Q

what are some diagnostic indicators of pulpal necrosis

A

periapical radiolucency
grey discolouration
no response to sensitivity tests
tenderness to percussion
presence of sinus tracts

36
Q

what is the treatment for pulpal necrosis

A

primary endodontics
internal bleaching
extraction and prosthetic replacement

37
Q

when would unfavourable tooth positions occur

A

following displacement injuries

38
Q

what is the management to minimise risk of complications following displacement injuries

A

repositioning and splinting for 24 hours

39
Q

what is the treatment for minimal changes in tooth positioning

A

addition of composite
removal of tooth tissue

40
Q

what is the treatment for significant alterations in apico-coronal tooth position

A

extra coronal restorations
ortho repositioning

41
Q

what can occur in displacement injuries that means we need to intervene quickly

A

ankylosis

42
Q

why does infra-occlusion occur

A

anyklosis/ replacement root resorption resulting from injury

43
Q

what treatment is available for infra occluded teeth

A

not amendable to ortho repositioning

44
Q

what does treatment of infra occlusion usually depend on

A

prognosis of teeth
degree of infra occlusion
wishes of patient
lip line

45
Q

what are examples of defects in hard and soft tissues following trauma

A

gingival lacerations/ abrasions
alveolar fractures

46
Q

what is the management for adults with bone deficiencies

A

bone graft
orthodontic extrusion therapy

47
Q

what is the management for adults with soft tissue deficiencies

A

mucogingical surgery
connective tissue grafting
frenectomies
implants

48
Q

what is the management options for children with hard and soft tissue deficiencies

A

extractions
coronectomies

49
Q

when should your follow ups continue for any of the displacement injuries

A

yearly up to five years

50
Q

what are potential difficulties with treatment of displaced teeth

A

alcohol related frequency
psychopathology
non-transfer of dental records UK

51
Q

what are long term complications of dental trauma

A

external cervical root resorption
internal inflammatory root resorption
external inflammatory resorption
altered tooth position

BDS3 Operative Dentistry (6 decks)

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