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1
Q

Where was the prison that Nelson Mandela was held in?

A

Robben Island Prison

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2
Q

Nelson Mandela

A

anti-apartheid activist who served as first President of South Africa (1994-1999)

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3
Q

apartheid

A

a system in South Africa in which people of different races were kept separate, and White people had more rights and advantages

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4
Q

Nelson Mandela arrested in…

A

1962 due to his anti-apartheid activities and his leadership in the African National Congress (ANC)

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5
Q

What was the ‘rumble in the jungle’?

A

a historic boxing event in Kinshasa, Zaire with George Foreman against Muhammad Ali

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6
Q

The heavyweight bout between Muhammad Ali and Joe Frazier that was fought in the Philippines was known as the…

A

Thrilla in Manila (1975)

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7
Q

post and lintel

A

a structure consisting of vertical beams (posts) supporting a horizontal beam (lintel): example - Stonehedge

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8
Q

Doric

A

relating to or denoting a classical order of architecture characterized by a sturdy fluted column and a thick square abacus resting on a rounded molding.

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9
Q

doric pediment

A

the triangular gable that sits above the horizontal structure (entablature) of a building, often supported by columns.

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10
Q

doric entablature

A

key horizontal structural element of classical architecture, positioned above the columns; divided into three main sections - Architrave, Frieze, Cornice

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11
Q

Architrave (or epistyle)

A

The lowest portion of the entablature, typically plain and unadorned, reflecting the simplicity of the style.

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12
Q

Frieze

A

The middle section, which alternates between triglyphs and metopes

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13
Q

triglyphs

A

Rectangular blocks with three vertical grooves. They represent the ends of wooden beams in earlier structures.

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14
Q

metopes

A

Square spaces between the triglyphs, often left plain or decorated with sculpted reliefs depicting scenes from mythology or daily life.

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15
Q

Cornice

A

The uppermost part of the entablature; projects outward to help protect the building’s lower parts from rain. It often includes the geison and the raking cornice

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16
Q

geison

A

horizontal cornice

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17
Q

raking cornice

A

forming the sloped edges of a pediment when present

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18
Q

Doric Capital

A

uppermost part of a column in the Doric order; The Doric order is known for its simplicity and strength, and the capital reflects this design ethos.

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19
Q

Abacus

A

A flat, square slab that sits on top of the echinus; supports the architrave

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20
Q

Echinus

A

A rounded, cushion-like element directly below the abacus; often tapers outward and can be plain or slightly decorated with subtle moldings.

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21
Q

Doric Shaft

A

The vertical, cylindrical part of a column; one of the defining features of the Doric column, reflecting the order’s emphasis on simplicity and strength. Vertical lines called flutes are carved down (scalloped like)

shaft has no decorative foot at the bottom; goes straight into the floor of temple

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22
Q

Doric Entasis

A

a subtle design feature used in classical architecture, particularly in columns, to create the illusion of strength and perfection. In the Doric order, entasis refers to the slight outward curvature or swelling in the shaft of a column, usually about one-third of the way up.

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23
Q

Ionic order

A

more feminine order - thinner and taller; a base supports the column (unlike Doric)

one of the three canonic orders of classical architecture, the other two being the Doric and the Corinthian

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24
Q

Ionic Frieze

A

contains a continuous (uninterrupted) block of stonework that may be plain or sculpted

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25
Ionic Capital
capitals with curls.
26
Corinthian
This style of column has elongated capitals that are decorated with leaves. Highly Decorated, most complex, scrolls
27
Greek orders
Doric, Ionic, Corinthian
28
Roman orders
Tuscan and Composite
29
tuscan order
A classical order similar to Roman Doric but having columns with an unfluted shaft and a simplified base, capital, and entablature.
30
composite order
combination of Ionic and Corinthian orders, capital combines acanthus leaves with volute scrolls
31
How long was the hundred year war
116 years
32
Hundred year war dates
1337 – 1453
33
Who fought during the hundred year war?
England and France
34
What events occurred during the Middle Ages?
- Black Death - great schism - Hundred Years' War - Little ice age
35
great schism
The seperation of the Roman Catholic Church and the Eastern Orthodox Church (1054 CE)
36
Little ice age
a period of regional cooling, particularly pronounced in the North Atlantic region. It was not a true ice age of global extent
37
Where did gunpowder originate?
China
38
Who is the leader of the Catholic Church?
Pope
39
capital of the Byzantium Empire
Constantinople
40
Constantinople was conquered by ____ and changed to _____
conquered by the ottomans and changed to Istanbul
41
Where to Hindus pray
temple
42
Where to Buddhists pray
temple
43
Where to Muslims pray
mosque
44
Where to Jews pray
synagogue
45
How many times a day do jews pray
three
46
Jewish Holy Book
Torah
47
5 pillars of Islam
Profession of Faith (shahada) - The belief that "There is no god but God, and Muhammad is the Messenger of God" is central to Islam. Prayer (salat) - to Allah and Muhammad Alms (giving money) (zakat) Fasting (sawm) Pilgrimage (hajj) - go to Mecca
48
What Ancient Civilization Built The City Of Machu Picchu?
Inca
49
Who Was The First Roman Emperor?
Augustus
50
Who Was The First Female Pharaoh Of Egypt?
Hatshepsut
51
What Was The Capital Of The Byzantine Empire?
Constantinople
52
Who Was The First Emperor Of China?
Qin Shi Huang
53
Which Ancient Civilization Built The Great Pyramids Of Giza?
Ancient Egyptians
54
What Year Did Christopher Columbus Reach The Americas?
1492
55
Who Was The First European Explorer To Reach India By Sea?
Vasco Da Gama
56
Who Wrote ‘The Republic’?
Plato
57
What Year Did The American Revolutionary War Begin?
1775
58
What Ancient Civilization Was Responsible For The Creation Of The Rosetta Stone?
Ancient Egyptians
59
Rosetta Stone
a fragment of an ancient Egyptian stone slab discovered in 1799, inscribed with the same text in three different scripts - hieroglyphics, Demotic, and Greek
60
hieroglyph/hieroglyphics
a stylized picture of an object representing a word, syllable, or sound, as found in ancient Egyptian and other writing systems.
61
Who Was The First King Of Unified Italy?
Victor Emmanuel ii
62
Which Ancient Civilization Is Known For Building The City Of Petra?
Nabateans
63
Who Founded The Mongol Empire?
Genghis Khan
64
Who Was The First Emperor Of The Aztec Empire?
Itzcoatl
65
What Event Marked The End Of The Western Roman Empire?
Fall of Rome
66
What Was The First Industrialized Country In The World?
United Kingdom
67
Who Was The First Emperor Of Japan?
Emperor Jimmu
68
Who Was The First President Of The United States?
George Washington
69
What Ancient Civilization Developed The Concept Of Zero?
Ancient Indians
70
Fertile Crescent
Formed by the Tigris and Euphrates rivers and the Mediterranean Sea
71
Who Was The First Female Prime Minister Of The United Kingdom?
Margaret Thatcher
72
What Was The Name Of The First Successful Artificial Earth Satellite?
Sputnik 1
73
Who Was The Longest-Reigning Monarch In British History?
Queen Victoria
74
What Year Did The Berlin Wall Fall?
1989
75
Who Was The First Female Astronaut?
Valentina Tereshkova
76
What Ancient Civilization Was Known For Its Alphabet?
Phoenicians
77
Who Was The First Person To Circumnavigate The Globe?
Ferdinand Magellan
78
What Ancient Civilization Built The City Of Teotihuacan?
Teotihuacanos
79
What Was The Name Of The First Permanent English Settlement In North America?
Jamestown, Virginia
80
Who Was The First Female President Of A Country?
Vigdís Finnbogadóttir
81
What Year Did World War I Begin?
1914
82
Who Was The First Woman To Win A Nobel Prize?
Marie Curie
83
Florence Nightingale
an English founder of modern nursing
84
What Ancient Civilization Built The City Of Babylon?
Mesopotamians
85
Who Was The First Emperor Of The Holy Roman Empire?
Charlemagne
86
Mesopotamia
comes from a Greek word meaning “between rivers,” referring to the land between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers
87
What Year Did The French Revolution Begin?
1789
88
Who Was The First European To Reach China Overland?
Marco Polo
89
What Ancient Civilization Is Known For Building The City Of Athens?
Ancient Greeks
90
Who Was The First Female Prime Minister Of India?
Indira Ghandi
91
What Year Did The American Civil War End?
1865
92
Who Was The First Emperor Of The Inca Empire?
Manco Capac
93
What Ancient Civilization Developed The Concept Of Democracy?
Ancient Greeks
94
What Year Did The Magna Carta Establish?
1215
95
Magna Carta
the first document to put into writing the principle that the king and his government was not above the law
96
Who Was The First Female Monarch Of England?
Matilda of England
97
What Ancient Civilization Is Known For Building The City Of Rome?
Ancient Romans
98
Who Was The First Person To Set Foot On The Moon?
Neil Armstrong
99
What Year Did The Russian Revolution Take Place?
1917
100
Who Was The First Emperor Of The Ottoman Empire?
Osman I
101
What Ancient Civilization Built The City Of Tikal?
Mayans
102
Who Was The First Female President Of The United Nations General Assembly?
Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit
103
What Year Did The Black Death Pandemic Begin?
1347
104
Who Was The First Emperor Of The Gupta Empire?
Chandragupta I
105
What Ancient Civilization Built The City Of Carthage?
Phoenicians
106
Who Was The First Woman To Win A Nobel Prize In Literature?
Selma Lagerlöf
107
What Year Did The Declaration Of Independence Get Signed?
1776
108
Who Was The First Emperor Of The Han Dynasty?
Liu Bang
109
What Ancient Civilization Developed The Concept Of Philosophy?
Ancient Greeks
110
Who Was The First Female Astronaut To Fly In Space?
Sally Ride
111
What Year Did The Battle Of Hastings Take Place?
1066
112
Battle Of Hastings
most famous battle in England's history
113
Who Was The First Emperor Of The Maurya Empire?
Chandragupta Maurya
114
What Ancient Civilization Built The City Of Nineveh?
Assyrians
115
Who Was The First Woman To Receive A Medical Degree In The United States?
Elizabeth Blackwell
116
What Year Did The Treaty Of Versailles End World War I?
1919
117
World War I was ended by which treaty
Treaty of Versailles
118
Who Was The First Emperor Of The Tang Dynasty?
Emperor Gaozu of Tang
119
What Ancient Civilization Developed The Concept Of Astronomy?
Ancient Babylonians
120
Who Was The First Female President Of Ireland?
Mary Robinson
121
What Year Did The Battle Of Marathon Take Place?
480 BCE
122
Who Was The First Emperor Of The Song Dynasty?
Emperor Taizu of Song
123
What Ancient Civilization Built The City Of Memphis?
Ancient Egyptians
124
Who Was The First Woman To Fly Solo Across The Atlantic?
Amelia Earhart
125
What Year Did The Treaty Of Tordesillas Divide The New World Between Spain And Portugal?
1494
126
Who Was The First Emperor Of The Sui Dynasty?
Emperor Wen of Sui
127
What Ancient Civilization Developed The Concept Of Algebra?
Ancient Babylonians
128
Who Was The First Female Ruler Of Russia?
Empress Catherine the Great
129
What Year Did The Battle Of Thermopylae Take Place?
480 BCE
130
Who Was The First Emperor Of The Zhou Dynasty?
King Wu of Zhou
131
What Ancient Civilization Built The City Of Uruk?
Sumerians
132
What Year Did The Treaty Of Paris End The American Revolutionary War?
1783
133
What treaty ended the American Revolutionary War
The Treaty of Paris
134
Who Was The First Emperor Of The Ming Dynasty?
Hongwu Emperor
135
What Ancient Civilization Developed The Concept Of The Wheel?
Mesopotamia
136
Who Was The First Female Governor In The United States?
Nellie Tayloe Ross
137
What Year Did The Battle Of Salamis Take Place?
480 BCE
138
Who Was The First Emperor Of The Mughal Empire?
Babur
139
What Ancient Civilization Built The City Of Thebes?
Ancient Egyptians
140
Buddhist Holy Book
Pali Canon
141
Buddhism's Gods and goal
no gods; to reach Nirvana (purify heart of desires)
142
Hinduism polytheistic or monotheistic?
Polytheistic
143
Holy book of the Hindus
Vedas
144
Hindu founder
no founder
145
Goal of Hinduism
to be free from reincarnation cycles
146
what concept do the hindus believe in
karma
147
Living alumni msu
542,400 worldwide
148
msu staff size
5,722
149
original name of msu
Agricultural College of the State of Michigan
150
When was MSU founded?
1855
151
Modernist architecture
- Lack of decorative low buildings - use of modern materials - use of sun and shading for human comfort - use of glass and natural light
152
Gothic architecture
- Height and grandeur - pointed arches - high ceilings - light and airy buildings - stained glass - tall towers
153
Renaissance architecture
-Square buildings -Flat ceilings -Arches and domes, Roman-type columns -Symmetric front of building
154
Neo-classical architecture
- Grandeur of scale - blank walls - excessive use of columns - free-standing columns - large buildings - clean lines
155
Bauhaus architecture
- Cubic shapes - primary colors of red blue yellow - open floor plans - flat roofs - steel frames - glass curtain walls
156
Tudor architecture
- Thatched roof - Casement windows (diamond-shaped glass panels with lead castings) - masonry chimneys - elaborate doorways
157
Baroque architecture
- Broken pediments, 'broken' at their apex, sometimes with a cresting ornament placed in the center - elaborate ornamentation - paired columns - convex and concave walls
158
Romanesque architecture
- Rounded arches - vaulted ceilings - heavy walls ornately decorated.
159
Islamic architecture
- The horseshoe arch - geometric designs - more focus on the enclosed spaces and interior rather than exterior screens
160
Victorian Architecture
- 'Dollhouse' effect with elaborate trim - sash windows - bay windows - imposing 2-3 stories - asymmetrical shape - a steep Mansard roof - wrap-around porches - bright colors
161
Art Deco (1920-1935)
- Geometric shapes - elegant cuts - Sleek straight lines - Fancy women (in cities/cars, wearing hats)
162
Surrealism art (1920s)
Shows imaginative dreams and visions
163
Precisionism art (1915-1945)
Buildings and industrialization in sharp geometric shapes
164
Dada art (1916-1923)
- Satirical - Reaction to the horrors of WW1
165
Futurism art (1909-1918)
Speed, technology, youth, violence, and objects such as the car, the airplane, and city
166
Cubism art (1908-1920)
-Cubes and geometric shapes -Paintings are 2D -Painting fragmented like broken glass -Monochromatic, dull colors
167
Expressionism (1905-1925)
-People, places, objects are distorted -People look sick or in pain, NO beauty -Lacking detail -Eerie -Dark, unrealistic colors
168
Fauvist art (1905-1908)
-Patches/splotches of bright colors -One color dominates picture -Non-naturalistic, simple design
169
Symbolism art (1880-1910)
-Nightmarish -Evil sexy women, monsters and demons, sex and death -Skull and skeletons -Sin and sensuality -Hybrid human and animal creatures
170
Post-impressionism art (1880-1920)
-Strong emphasis on form/outlines -Same subject as impressionism -Painting covered in huge # of tiny dots
171
Impressionism art (1870-1900)
-Thick dabs and blobs of paint -Outdoor scenes like rivers, railroads, factories, cities and landscapes -Lots of boating/relaxing on beach -If indoor, shows middle class ppl in bars and cafes dancing, drinking and dining
172
Pre-Raphaelite art (1948-1954)
-Rossetti's (painter) ideal woman -Very tall, long red hair, full pouty lips, strong jawline -Inspired by Shakespeare and poems -Religious paintings but brighter colors
173
Realism art (1840-1870)
-Harsh every day life of poor people -Bent postures, struggling with hands -Serious and humble subjects -Dark palette of colors
174
Academic art (1800s)
-Pretty, poor, barefoot young girls -Chubby babies like Rococo -Dramatic scenes with mythology -Neoclassism and Romanticism mix
175
Romanticism art (1800-1850)
-Gloomy skies -Landscapes with dark ambience -Nature triumphing man (dramatic) -Sky is prominent, takes up most the page -Dramatic scenes in visible brushstrokes -Horrific images (Goya, man eats son)
176
Neoclassical art (1760-1830)
-Men fighting w/ swords -Calm poses in robes and sandals -Posing as if a marble statue
177
Rococo art (1720-1760)
-Domestic life in rich home -Elegant aristocrats at play (pastel) -Courting, beauty, romance, fun, sexual symbols -Mythological themes -Chubby baby with wings
178
Baroque art (1600-1725)
-Landscape paintings -Still lifes (fruit bowls/flowers) -Dramatic/emotional moments (death/victory) -Sacred people doing everyday activities
179
Corinthian style columns
Quite fancy. Pattern rapping around column.
180
Ionic style columns
These columns have the two scrolls on the side.
181
Doric style columns
The most plain.
182
how many stomachs does a cow have?
1, with 4 components
183
Who Painted The Mona Lisa?
Leonardo Da Vinci
184
Which Famous Artist Cut Off His Own Ear?
Vincent Van Gogh
185
What Is The Art Movement Associated With Pablo Picasso?
Cubism
186
Who Painted The Ceiling Of The Sistine Chapel?
Micheal Angelo
187
Which Artist Is Known For The Painting ‘The Persistence Of Memory’?
Salvador Dalí
188
Who Is The Dutch Artist Famous For His Self-Portraits And The Painting ‘The Night Watch’?
Rembrandt
189
What Is The Primary Characteristic Of Impressionism?
Light and color
190
Which Artist Is Known For The Mural ‘Guernica’?
Pablo Picasso
191
Which American Artist Is Known For His Depictions Of The American West?
Fredric Remington
192
What Style Is The Artist Jackson Pollock Known For?
Abstract Expressionism
193
Who Is The Spanish Surrealist Known For His Melting Clocks?
Salvador Dalí
194
Which Artist Created The Sculpture ‘David’?
Micheal Angelo
195
Who Painted ‘The Birth Of Venus’?
Sandro Botticelli
196
Which Female Artist Is Known For Her Self-Portraits And Mexican Heritage?
Frida Kahlo
197
What Art Movement Is Claude Monet Associated With?
Impressionism
198
Which Artist Is Famous For The ‘Campbell’s Soup Cans’ Artwork?
Andy Warhol
199
Who Painted ‘Girl With A Pearl Earring’?
Johannes Verneer
200
What Is The Term For A Painting Done On Wet Plaster
Fresco
201
Which Renaissance Artist Is Known For The Painting ‘The Last Supper’?
Leonardo Da Vinci
202
Who Created The Sculpture ‘The Thinker’?
Auguste Rodin
203
What Is The Primary Focus Of The Art Movement Known As Surrealism?
Exploring the unconscious mind
204
Who Painted ‘American Gothic’?
Grant Wood
205
Which Artist Is Known For His Blue And Rose Periods?
Pablo Picasso
206
What Art Movement Is Wassily Kandinsky Associated With?
Abstract art
207
Who Is The French Artist Famous For His Water Lilies Paintings?
Claude Monet
208
Which Artist Is Known For The Painting ‘The Scream’?
Edvard Munch
209
Who Painted ‘The School Of Athens’?
Rafael
210
What Technique Did Georges Seurat Develop?
Pointilism
211
Which Artist Is Famous For The Series Of Paintings Featuring Ballerinas?
Edgar Degas
211
What Is The Name Of The Famous Prehistoric Cave Paintings In France?
Lascaux
211
Who Painted ‘The Garden Of Earthly Delights
Hieronymus Bosch
212
Which American Artist Is Known For Her Large-Scale Close-Up Paintings Of Flowers?
Georgia O'Keeffe
213
What Is The Main Subject Of Andrew Wyeth’s Painting ‘Christina’s World’?
A woman lying in a field
214
Who Is Known As The Father Of Modern Art Criticism?
Charles Baudelaire
215
Which Artist Painted ‘The Hay Wain’?
John Constable
216
Mother Theresa was buried in __ and born in ___
Kolkata | North Macedonia
217
Cleopatra was
Queen of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt | last active ruler
218
First country on earth
Egypt
219
The first king of the first dynasty of Egypt
Narmer
220
oldest recorded civilization in the world
Mesopotamia civilization
221
oldest living culture in the world
culture of the Aboriginal people
222
What was written first: Quran or Bible
Bible
223
oldest known religious text
Kesh Temple Hymn of ancient Sumer The Rigveda, a scripture of Hinduism
224
4 oldest civilizations of the world
Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Indus Valley, and Chinese civilizations
225
7 Characteristics of a civilization
GW RAFTS G- Government W- Written Language R- Religion A- Arts F- Food Supply T- Technology S- Social Structure
226
difference between greek and roman columns
Roman columns were purely for decoration, unlike Greek columns that were used to support their buildings and temples
227
Characteristics of WESTERN civilizations
Cultures - usually influenced by Greece or Rome Religion - usually Judeo-Christian beliefs Intellect - renaissance Scientific Revolution - major breakthroughs like scientific method Enlightenment era - individual rights Key values - democracy. rationalism, individualism Technological Advancements - printing press, steam engine, modern communication technology
228
developmental episodes in western civilization
- renaissance - reformation - enlightenment - Industrial Revolution - scientific revolution
229
five different orders or styles of columns
Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian - developed in Ancient Greece Tuscan and Composite - developed in ancient Rome.
230
Who painted "Self-Portrait with Bandaged Ear"
Vincent Van Gogh
231
Where is "Self-Portrait with Bandaged Ear" held
COURTAULD GALLERY LONDON
232
Who painted "FEMME AU CHAPEAU"
Henri Matisse
233
Where is ""FEMME AU CHAPEAU" held
SALON D'AUTOMNE
234
Who painted "GLASS, GUITAR, AND BOTTLE (1913)"
Pablo Picasso (in the Museum of Modern Art)
235
French Post-Impressionist painter
Paul Cézanne
236
Who painted "A woman wearing a mask"
Lorenzo Lippi
237
Who painted "Noire et Blanche"
Emmanuel Radinsky
238
How many American National Parks are there
63
239
How many national parks are named after a president
One: Theodore Roosevelt National Park in North Dakota
240
What was the first national park
Yellowstone
241
Who was the Greek God of war
Ares
242
How many wars did the Carthaginians fight with the Romans
three wars (punic wars)
243
On what island would you find the Minoans?
Island of Crete
244
What Roman General married Cleopatra?
Mark Antony
245
Who was the first Christian Roman Emperor?
Constantine the Great
246
What structure did Emperor Hadrian build in Northern England?
Hadrian's Wall in Northern England
247
What was the currency used in many ancient Greek states?
the drachma
248
Who is Homer
presumed author of the Iliad and the Odyssey, two hugely influential epic poems of ancient Greece. Usually depicted as blind
249
What was the highest political office in the Roman Republic?
Roman Consul (command armies, call Senate sessions, and preside over judicial matters.)
250
which direction do muslims pray
toward Ka'bah in Mecca (Quibla)
251
What was the Battle of Hastings
fight between the Norman-French army of William, Duke of Normandy, and an English army under the Anglo-Saxon King Harold Godwinson, beginning the Norman Conquest of England
252
first emperor of Ethiopia
a semi-mythical figure named Menelik I
253
Amphitheater of Pompeii, roman or greek?
Roman
254
Colosseum, roman or greek
Roman
255
Stadium of Delphi, greek or roman?
greek
256
Circus Maximus?
Egyptian
257
258
Kremlin
a fortified complex in Moscow, Russia that includes five palaces, four cathedrals, and the enclosing Kremlin Wall along with the Kremlin towers
259
Difference between American Revolutionary War and American Civil War
American Revolutionary War was fought for independence from Britain and unity of the colonies, whole the American Civil War was fought for the preservation of the union and over states vs national powers of government and the issue of slavery

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