Adrenogenic Drug Ans

Question 1

What’s the types of alpha Receptors

Answer 1

Types is

1-alpha &2-alpha

Question 2

Mechanism of alpha 1

Answer 2

Via ca reales Gq

Question 3

Alpha one actions?

Answer 3

1-vc 
2-GIT SPHINCTER (contracion)
3-radial muscle contraction(Mydrasis)
4-pillomotor  muscle (hair erection)
5-prostatic gland smooth muscle (contraction)

Question 4

Whats the action of alpha 2

Answer 4

Act on inhibition  via Gi
1-presynaptic neuron
Decrease reales of NT
2-pancreatic cell Beta 
(Decrease insulin realse )

Question 5

What the type of beta receptors

Answer 5

B1 and B2and B3

Question 6

What the action and mechanisms of beta one receptor

Answer 6

Act on Gs (⬆️camp)
1-heart muscle (⬆️HR &⬆️CO ⬆️Conductivity)
2-jaxtaglumerolar cell( relasing of renin)

Question 7

What the mechanisms and action of beta 2

Answer 7

Mech. Gs
1-relaxing of smooth muscle of (bronchi and git and ciliary muscle
Uterus )
2-smooth muscle tremor (Vd of arteries of muscle)
3-live (glycogen lysis)
4-mast cell(histamine relase )
5-heart (⬆️Co minor degree of beta one)

Question 8

Action of beta 3

Answer 8

Mech. Gs
Act one adipose tissue (⬆️fatty acid and glycerol )
Because of activation of lipase enzyme

Question 9

Dopamine receptors

Answer 9

D1-D5 Gs act on renal blood flow

D2-3-4 Gi act on presynaptic neuron

Question 10

What is the direct acting non selective drugs

Answer 10

1-epinephrine 
2-nor epinephrine 
3-dopamine 
4-isopropanol 
(dopaxamine).

Question 11

What’s about epinephrine?

Answer 11

ANS Adrenergic Drugs (Sympathetic) A: Adrenergic Agonists 1) Direct-Acting Adrenergic Receptors A: Non-Selective Epinephrine or Adrenaline (EpiPen Epinephrine [ep-i-NEF-rin] is a natural catecholamine Norepinephrine (NE) is methylated to yield epinephrine in the adrenal About medulla which is stored in chromaffin cells theDrug On stimulation, the adrenal medulla releases about 80% epinephrine and 20% norepinephrine directly into the circulation L-isomer is about 20 times more potent than D-isomer.

Question 12

What’s meaning of up take 1?

Answer 12

Norepinephrine trausporter (NET) is transporter protein integrated into the membrane of presynaptiz neurons and it is responsible for reuptake of extracellular monoamine neurotransmitters (NTs) such as norepineplrine. dopamine and serotonin = described as “Uptake one

Question 13

What’s block up take one

Answer 13

Cocaine TRICYCLIC ANTI DEPRESSANT.amphetamiine

Question 14

What meaning of up take two and inhibitor of it

Answer 14

Extraneuronal   monoamine transporter (EMT) is transporter  protein   integrated   into the membrane of postsynaptic neurons. it is responsible for transport monoamine NTs into postsynaptic neurons = described as "Uptake 2 
Inhibit via (cortisone)

Question 15

What is the pharmaco kinatic of epinephrine?

Answer 15

Epinephrine is ineffective orally due to degradation by gut and rapid metabolism by liver: Routes of administration SC VC 5 Slow absorption ? Long duration and less toxicity. MM ? VD = Rapid absorption = Short duration and high toxicity. IV ? in emergency ? rapid onset of action Inhalation ? in bronchial asthma Intracardiac (IC) = in resuscitation Eye drops ? in glaucoma: NB: IV and IC routes are very dangerous (must be diluted to [:10,000). Pharmaco Duration of action kinetic SC (4-6 hours MM (1-4 hours) Inhalation (1-3 hours). Metabolism: Monoamine oxidase Epinephrine Metabolites (MAO) Catechol-O-methyl transferase Epinephrine Metabolites. COMT Norepinephrine and epinephrine metabolites are metanephrine and vanillylmandelic acid which are excreted in urine. VanillyImandelic acid (VMA) excreted in urine (noral adult value E4= Smg in & day = increase VA in urine in patients With pheochromocytoma (tumour in adrenal medulla). Pharma Tube rapid

Question 16

Which type of epinephrine must dialited

Answer 16

Short duration of action and more toxic Iv and IC

Cause VD

Question 17

What’s is the types that must not diluted?

Answer 17

Sc because its long duration and low level of toxicity

Cause vc

Question 18

Dignosis of pheochromcytoma

Answer 18

Level of veneyl mandlic acid
NORMAL RANGE (4-8mg/day)
When VMA INSCREASED IN URINE SO IT REFERS TO PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA

Question 19

What the side effect of epinephrine

Answer 19

Nose(used in epistaxis local and congestion ). 
Effects Skin (Used With local anaesthesia eg Lidocaine VC decrease   absorption?? prolonged the action = decrease toxicity).

Question 20

Pharmacological action??

Answer 20

1-Heart (+tve) = inotropic, chronotropic and dromotropic >cardiac output (CO) >Systolic pressure.D 1) Skin. mucous membranes and viscera (a1)VC 5 peripheral resistance (PR)⬆️diastolic pressure:
2) Skeletal muscles (B2): VD+ PR⬇️ diastolic pressure At low doses: B2 effects (vasodilation) OH the vascular system predominate,
whereas at high doses 01 effects (vasoconstriction) are the strongest The cumulative effect is an in systolic blood pressure (B1)and slight + in diastolic pressure (B2)

NB: Epinephrine activates B1 receptors on the kidney 5 reniu release Renin is an enzyme involved in the production of angiotensin II = potent VC

3-Powerful brouchodilatation (B2) It also inhibits the release histamines from mast cells (B2). So it is used in bronchospasm and anaphylactie shock
4-hyperglycemia action via
Glycogenlysis (B2)
Glucagon relase (B2)
Inhibit insulin realse (a2)
5-lipolysis via (B3) 
Activation of lipase enzyme 
Convert lipid to glycerol and FFT

Question 21

What’s the other action of epinephrine?

Answer 21

Fascilate NM transmission via (⬆️Ca)increase the ACH FROM motor neuron
Muscle tremor via B2 agonist
Mech. Via increse k in cell and decreased K in serum