Adrenergics and Antiadrenergics Flashcards
Which receptors do the autonomic nervous system parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation of the HEART act on?
Parasympathetic: M2 receptors
Sympathetic: Beta-1 receptors
Which receptors do the autonomic nervous system parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation of the LUNGS act on?
Parasympathetic: M3 receptors
Sympathetic: Beta-2 receptors
Name a drug that would have a direct sympatholytic effect on eccrine sweat glands?
Atropine or any other drug acting as an antagonist at M3 receptors
Which subtype of dopamine receptors is important on renal blood vessels?
D1
What is the major renal effect of dopamine?
Increased diuresis
Why is propranolol is not suitable for treatment of glaucoma?
Propranolol has local anaesthetic-like direct membrane effects which block the protective blink reflex.
Beta blockers selected for ophthalmic use for the treatment of glaucoma have little or no….
Low lipophilicity and hence low local anaesthetic-like direct membrane effect
When is postural hypotension in a patient prescribed an alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonist is likely to be worst?
After the first dose
What is a common adverse effect of all alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonists?
Dry mouth
What adverse effect is commonly caused by alpha adrenoceptor antagonists that cross the blood brain barrier?
Drowsiness
Classify prazosin according to the nature of its adrenergic/antiadrenergic activity.
Direct sympatholytic alpha-1 adrenoceptor antagonist
Classify the betaxolol according to the nature of its adrenergic/antiadrenergic activity.
Direct sympatholytic beta-1 adrenoceptor antagonist
Ephedrine is a/an
Indirect sympathomimetic increasing availability of norepinephrine through competing with norepinephrine for reuptake and vesicular reuptake while competitively inhibiting monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A). It also has direct alpha and beta-adrenoceptor agonist activity.
A direct antiadrenergic prescribed for patients with angina pectoris?
Propranolol (or other beta-blockers)
Nonselective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist used for the treatment of
glaucoma?
Timolol
Selective beta-1 adrenoceptor antagonist used for the treatment of
glaucoma?
Betaxolol
Non-selective direct alpha-adrenoceptor agonist used as a decongestant?
Oxymetazoline
An indirect sympathomimetic drug that blocks presynaptic reuptake of noradrenaline
Tricyclic antidepressant
Effect of activation of the sympathetic nervous system on airways?
Bronchodilation and increase mucociliary clearance
Precursor of norepinephrine in the postganglionic sympathetic nervous system
Dopamine
Rate limiting enzyme in epinephrine synthesis
Tyrosine hydroxylase
List the receptors activated in effector organs by the sympathetic nervous system
Alpha-1 and -2 adrenoceptors, beta-1, -2, and -3 adrenoceptors , D1, M3
Effect of activation of alpha-1 adrenoceptors on the pupil of the eye?
Dilation of the pupil (mydriasis)
Activation of alpha-1 and beta adrenoceptors in the eye BLURS…
Accommodation for near vision
What is the effect of ANTAGONISM of beta-1 adrenoceptors in the ciliary body of the eye on intraocular pressure (IOP)
Reduces intraocular pressure