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Neuro 2-Unit 2 > Adrenergic Drugs-Konorev > Flashcards

Adrenergic Drugs-Konorev Flashcards

1
Q

Norepinephrine and epinephrine are examples of these drugs

A

Direct adrenomimetics-Mixed alpha and beta agonists

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2
Q

Dobutamine, isoproterenol, terbutaline, and albuterol are examples of these drugs

A

Direct adrenomimetics-Beta agonists

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3
Q

Dopamine and fenoldopam are examples of these drugs

A

Direct adrenomimetics-Dopamine agonists

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4
Q

Phenylephrine and methoxamine are alpha agonists that have a higher affinity for this receptor:

A

a1>a2&raquo_space;»»»B

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5
Q

Clonidine is an alpha agonist that has a higher affinity for this receptor

A

a2 > a1&raquo_space;»> B

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6
Q

Norepinephrine and epinephrine are mixed alpha and beta agonists have higher affinity for these receptors

A

a1=a2; B1 > B2 for norepi

a1=a2; B1=B2 for epi

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7
Q

Dobutamine is a beta agonist that has highest affinity for this receptor

A

B1

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8
Q

Isoproterenol is a beta agonist with highest affinity for this receptor

A

B1=B2

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9
Q

Albuterol, terbutaline are beta agonists that have highest affinity for this receptor

A

B2

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10
Q

Dopamine has highest affinity for these receptors

A

D1=D2

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11
Q

Fenoldopam is a dopamine agonist with highest affinity for this receptor

A

D1&raquo_space; D2

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12
Q

Epinephrine has its effects on cardiac function by binding these receptors

A

B1

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13
Q

Epinephrine has its effects on vascular tone by binding to this receptor

A

B2 and a1

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14
Q

Epinephrine has its effects on relaxing bronchial smooth muscle by binding to this receptor: ___ and decreases bronchial secretion and congestion within bronchial mucosa by binding to this receptor: ___

A

Relax bronchial smooth m: B2

Decrease secretion: a1

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15
Q

Epinephrine has its effects on causing muscle tremor and increases K uptake by skeletal muscle by binding these receptors

A

B2

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16
Q

Epinephrine has its effects on blood glucose levels by enhancing liver glycogenolysis by binding to this receptor ___ and inhibits insulin release by binding to this receptor ___

A

Glycogenolysis: B2

Inhibit insulin: a2

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17
Q

Dopamine stimulation by binding to ___ causes vasodilation –> high density of these receptors in renal, cerebral, mesenteric, and coronary vessels

A

D1

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18
Q

This alpha adrenergic agonist binds a1 > a2&raquo_space;»> B; it is an effective mydriatic and decongestant, causes severe vasoconstriction and BP elevation, and is not a catechol

A

Phenylephrine

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19
Q

This drug is a selective a2 agonist has a central effect on a2 receptors in the lower brainstem area which decreases sympathetic outflow, reduction in BP, and bradycardia. Its local application produces vasoconstriction

A

Clonidine

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20
Q

___ activates a2 receptors in the vasomotor center of the brain, reduces sympathetic activity in the body, and reduces peripheral vascular resistant, decreases heart rate and CO

A

Clonidine

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21
Q

Isoproterenol is a non-selective beta agonist. Name the receptor associated with the following actions of isoproterenol:

  • Positive inotropic and chronotropic action, increases CO: ___
  • Vasodilator, decreases arterial pressure: ___
  • Causes bronchodilation: ___
A

B1

B2

B2

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22
Q

This drug is a selective B1 agonist with potent inotropic action. It has less prominent chronotropic action as compared to isoproterenol

A

Dobutamine

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23
Q

These drugs are selective B2 agonists that cause bronchodilation and relaxation of the uterus

A

Terbutaline and albuterol

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24
Q

This indirect sympathomimetic drug inhibits the re-uptake of DA and NE

A

Cocaine

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25
Q

This indirect sympathomimetic drug inhibits MAO

A

Selegiline and phenelzine

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26
Q

These indirect sympathomimetic drugs reverse NE and DA uptake mechanism and increase their relese

A

Amphetamines, Methylphenidate, and Tyramine

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27
Q

This indirect sympathomimetic drug is a releasing agent AND direct adrenergic receptor agonist

A

Ephedrine

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28
Q

___ agonists usually are more lipophilic and easily penetrate the BBB - have significant central effects –> CNS stimulants

A

Indirect adrenergic agonists

29
Q

Amphetamine, methamphetamine, and methyphenidate are this type of agonist

A

Indirect adrenergic agonists –> mild alerting affects, improved attention

30
Q

This indirect adrenergic agonist inhibits transmitter reuptake at adrenergic synapses, has peripheral and intense central adrenomimetic action, and local anesthetic properties

A

Cocaine

31
Q

This indirect adrenergic agonist releases stored catecholamine with some direct adrenomimetic action; is a plant constituent, non-catechol (long DOA and effective after PO); Non selective; Mild stimulant (enters CNS)

A

Ephedrine

32
Q

This indirect adrenergic agonist accumulates in protein rich food during fermentation. It is readily metabolized by MAO in the liver (very high 1st pass effect) and if administered parenterally, affords indirect sympathomimetic action caused by release of stored catecholamines

A

Tyramine

33
Q

These adrenergic agonists can be administered during hypotensive emergencies (hemorrhagic shock, OD of antihypertensives, CNS depressants)

A

Norepi, phenylephrine, and methoxamine

34
Q

This adrenergic agonist can be used for treating chronic hypotension

A

Ephedrine

35
Q

These adrenergic agonists can be administered to treat cardiogenic shock due to massive acute MI

A

Dopamine and dobutamine

36
Q

For CV conditions, namely heart failure:

Short term use of ___ is used in acute HF while ___ is used in congestive severe HF with reduced renal perfusion

A

Dobutamine

Dopamine

37
Q

For HTN tx with adrenergic agonists:

___ for long-term tx of HTN

___ for hypertensive emergencies

A

Alpha-2 agonists

Fenoldopam

38
Q

For emergency therapy for complete AV block and cardiac arrest, these adrenergic drugs may be used

A

Epi and isoproterenol

39
Q

Phenylephrine, methoxamine, and clonidine are examples of these drugs:

A

Direct adrenomimetics-Alpha agonists

40
Q

Tx of bronchial asthma can be done with these B2 selective agonists

A

Albuterol and terbutaline

41
Q

This adrenergic agonist is effective at treating the respiratory component (bronchospasm and upper airway congestion) and the CV component (severe hypotension, cardiac depression) of anaphylaxis

A

Epinephrine

42
Q

This adrenergic agonist has ophthalmic applications like examination of the retina –> induction of mydriasis

A

Phenylephrine

43
Q

These alpha2 selective agonists can be used for glaucoma

A

Apraclonidine and brimonidine

44
Q

This B2 agonist can suppress premature labor

A

Terbutaline

45
Q

This adrenergic agonist can be used for stress urinary incontinence

A

Ephedrine

46
Q

These adrenergic agonists can be used for narcolepsy

A

Amphetamines and methylphenidate

47
Q

These adrenergic agonists can be used for tx of ADHD

A

Methylphenidate

48
Q

These adrenergic agonists can be used to tx obesity

A

Phentermine, ephedrine, and amphetamines

49
Q

List some non-selective (a1 and a2) receptor antagonists

A

Phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine

50
Q

List some a1 receptor SELECTIVE anatagonists

A

Prazosin, terazosin, tamsulosin, doxazosin, alfuzosin, silodosin

-All end in the suffix -osin!!!

51
Q

___ is a competitive a antagonist

___ is a non-competitive irreversible a antagonist

A

Phentolamine

Phenoxybenzamine

52
Q

List alpha antagonist drugs for the tx of pheochromocytoma

A

Phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine

53
Q

These a1 selective antagonists can be used for tx of chronic (essential) HTN. They work well in moderate HTN and generally well tolerated

A

Prazosin, Terazosin, and Doxazosin

54
Q

This combo of alpha anagonists can be used to treat ED

A

Combo of phentolamine and non-specific vasodilator papaverine (injected into penis)

55
Q

These alpha antagonists can be used to tx BPH for chronic urinary obstruction

A

Tamsulosin and Silodosin

Silodosin–> greater selectivity for a1A than a1B

Prazosin, doxazosin, and terazosin are also effective

56
Q

What are adverse effects associated with clinical use of alpha antagonists?

A
  • Most significant effects are on the CV system
  • seen less with a1 selective antagonists
  • postural hypotension
  • tachycardia
  • retention of fluid and salt
  • impaired ejaculation
  • nasal stuffiness
57
Q

Labetalol and Carvedilol are examples of this type of adrenergic drug

A

Mixed antagonists

B and a1 antagonists for both

58
Q

Propanolol, Pindolol, Nadolol, and Penbutolol are examples of this adrenoceptor antagonist

A

B1 and B2

59
Q

Metoprolol, Betaxolol, Acebutolol, and Atenolol are examples of this type of adrenoceptor antagonist

A

B1 selective

60
Q

Atenolol, nadolol, propanolol, and betaxolol have what intrinsic activity as a beta-blocker at the receptors?

A

Anatagonist

61
Q

Acebutolol, Labetalol, penbutolol, and pindolol have what intrinsic activity as a beta-blocker at the receptors?

A

Partial agonists

62
Q

Carvedilol and metoprolol have what intrinsic activity as a beta-blocker at the receptors?

A

Inverse agonists

63
Q

These beta blockers are used for long-term use in post-infarction period after an MI

A

Timolol, propanolol, and metoprolol

64
Q

These beta blockers can be used for tx of glaucoma

A

Timolol and betaxolol

65
Q

This beta blocker can be used to treat hyperthyroidism

A

Propanolol

66
Q

This indirect acting antiadrenergic drug is a norepinephrine release inhibitor. It is taken up by the reuptake mechanism, replaces NE in vesicles, causes a gradual depletion of NE stores, and inhibits NE release via local anesthetic properties

A

Guanethidine

67
Q

This indirect acting antiadrenergic drug is an inhibitor of tyrosine hydroxylase

A

Metyrosine

68
Q

This indirect acting antiadrenergic drug can be used for tx of chronic HTN: ___

This indirect acting antiadrenergic drug can be used for tx of pheochromocytoma: ___

A

Guanethidine

Metyrosine

Neuro 2-Unit 2 (4 decks)

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