Adrenergic Drugs

Question 1

Epinephrine/Norepinephrine/Dopamine

Answer 1

direct acting - endogenous catecholamines. Epinephrine acts on both alpha and beta receptors but at low doses it acts more on beta 1/2…alpha1 effects are more pronounced at higher doses
Norepinephrine is used for shock (increases vascular resistance and blood pressure)

Question 2

Isoproterenol

Answer 2

non-selective beta agonist - increases HR (b1), increases bronchodilation (b2), reduces diastolic pressure but systolic pressure may be unchanged or even increase

Question 3

Dobutamine

Answer 3

beta 1 agonist - increases heart o2 consumption, acts as an inotrope (effects muscle contraction), but causes little HR change

Question 4

Albuterol

Answer 4

beta 2 agonist - DOC for asthma (b2)

Question 5

Phenylephrine

Answer 5

alpha 1 agonist - causes vasoconstriction, dilates the eye, used as a decongestant

Question 6

Clonidine

Answer 6

partial alpha 2 agonist - reduces BP, reduces sympathetic outflow

Question 7

Amphetamine

Answer 7

indirect acting adrenergic agonist - promotes NE release and potentiates its effects

Question 8

Tyramine

Answer 8

indirect acting adrenergic agonist - promotes NE release and potentiates its effects. Found in ripe cheese and some wines ~ normally oxidized by MAO but anti depressors inhibit this enzyme so it can be a risk for vasopressin episodes (incr BP)

Question 9

Cocaine

Answer 9

indirect acting adrenergic agonist - inhibits the reuptake of monoamines, causes them to accumulate in the synaptic space and potentiate/prolongate their central and peripheral action

Question 10

Ephedrine

Answer 10

mixed acting adrenergic agonist - Increases NE and activates adrenergic receptor, increases BP (pressor agent) during spinal anesthesia

Question 11

Pseudoephedrine

Answer 11

mixed acting adrenergic agonist - Increases NE and activates adrenergic receptor, decongestant

Question 12

Phenoxybenzmaine

Answer 12

irreversible alpha 1/2 antagonist - not suitable for hypertension but used for pheochromocytoma

Question 13

Phentolamine

Answer 13

reversible alpha 1/2 antagonist - used for pheochromocytoma and hypertensive crisis due to stimulant drug overdose

Question 14

Prazosin

Answer 14

alpha 1 antagonist - reduces BP, DOC for prostatic hyperplasia

Question 15

Propanolol

Answer 15

nonselective beta antagonist - reduces HR, reduces myocardial contractility, reduces glucogenolysis, reduces glucagon secretion, risk of respiratory crisis (b2)

Question 16

Atenolol

Answer 16

beta 1 antagonist - used for hypertensive patients

Question 17

Pindolol

Answer 17

partial beta agonist - used to fix bradycardia