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CPR Exam 1 > Adrenergic Drugs > Flashcards

Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

direct acting alpha agonists

A

Penylephrine, Clonidine

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2
Q

mixed alpha and beta agonists

A

NE, Epi

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3
Q

beta agonists

A

Dobutamine, Isoproterenol, Albuterol

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4
Q

dopamine agonist

A

Inotropin

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5
Q

What indirect adrenomimetic inhibits the re-uptake of DA and NE?

A

Cocaine

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6
Q

What indirect adrenomimetics inhibit MAO?

A

Selegiline, Phenelzine

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7
Q

What indirect adrenomimetics reverse NE and DA uptake, increasing their release?

A

Amphetamines, Methyphenidate, Tyramine

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8
Q

What indirect adrenomimetic is a releasing agent and a direct adrenergic receptor agonist?

A

Ephedrine

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9
Q

non-selective (a1 and a2) receptor antagonists

A

Phentolamine, Phenoxybenzamine

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10
Q

a1 receptor selective antagonists

A

Prazosin, Tamsulosin, Doxazosin

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11
Q

mixed blockers (b and 1a antagonists)

A

labetalol, carvedilol

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12
Q

b1 and b2 adrenoreceptor blockers

A

propranolol, pindolol, nadolol

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13
Q

b1 selective blockers

A

metoprolol, betaxolol, acebutolol, atenolol

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14
Q

NE release inhibitor

A

guanethidine

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15
Q

tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor

A

metyrosine

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16
Q

what do adrenergic drugs modulate?

A

they control the function of the SNS

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17
Q

What does Gq pathway stimulation lead to?

A

increase in IP3, DAG

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18
Q

What does Gi pathway stimulation lead to?

A

decrease in cAMP

19
Q

What does Gs pathway stimulation lead to?

A

increase in cAMP

20
Q

What receptor types stimulate Gq?

A

alpha 1A, 1B, 1D

21
Q

What receptor types stimulates Gi?

A
  • alpha 2A, 2B, 2C

- D2, D3, D4

22
Q

What receptor types Gs?

A
  • beta 1, 2, 3

- D1, D5

23
Q

What are the effects of Epi on cardiac function?

A
  • positive inotropy
  • increases HR
  • increases conduction velocity at AV node
24
Q

What are the effects of Epi on vascular tone?

A
  • increases systolic BP

- may decrease diastolic BP and total peripheral vascular resistance (MAP unchanged)

25
Q

What are the effects of Epi on skeletal muscle?

A
  • relaxes bronchial muscle

- decreases bronchial secretion and congestion within bronchial mucosa

26
Q

Other effects of Epi?

A
  • causes muscle tremor, increases potassium uptake by skeletal muscle (b2)
  • enhances liver glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis (b2)
  • increases FFA in blood
  • increases renin release (b1)
27
Q

What are the effects of NE on cardiac?

A
  • reduces HR
  • potent vasoconstrictor
  • increases peripheral vascular resistance and BP
28
Q

What are the clinical uses of adrenergic agonists on CV conditions?

A
  • to increase BP
  • heart failure
  • hypertension (alpha-2 agonists)
  • emergency therapy for complete AV block and cardiac arrest
29
Q

What are the clinical uses of adrenergic agonists on CNS conditions?

A
  • narcolepsy (amphetamines, methylphenidate)
  • ADHD (methylphenidate)
  • obesity (ephedrine, amphetamines)
30
Q

What are the other clinical uses of adrenergic agonists?

A
  • bronchial asthma
  • anaphylaxis
  • ophthalmic conditions (glaucoma, retinal exam)
  • GI: stress urinary incontinence
31
Q

What are the adverse effects of adrenergic agonists of CV system?

A
  • increase BP
  • increase cardiac work
  • sinus tachycardia, serious ventricular arrhythmias
32
Q

What are the adverse effects of adrenergic agonists on CNS?

A
  • insomnia
  • lack of appetite
  • anxiety, restlessness
  • psychoses
  • convulsions, hemorrhagic stroke
33
Q

What are the clinical uses of alpha antagonists?

A
  • pheocromocytoma
  • chronic (essential hypertension)
  • erectile dysfunction
  • BPH
34
Q

What are the adverse effects of alpha antagonists?

A
  • postural HTN
  • tachycardia
  • fluid and salt retention
  • impaired ejaculation
  • nasal stuffiness
35
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of beta-blockers on CV system?

A
  • negative inotropy
  • negative chronotropy
  • slow AV node conduction
36
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of beta-blockers on on blood vessels?

A
  • initial rise in peripheral resistance

- chronic use decreases PVR

37
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of beta-blockers on RAS?

A

inhibit renin release

38
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of beta-blockers on respiratory system?

A

increase airway resistance

39
Q

What are the pharmacodynamics of beta-blockers on the eye?

A

reduce production of acqueous humor -> reduce intraocular pressure

40
Q

What are the metabolic effects of beta-blockers?

A
  • inhibit lipolysis
  • increase VLDL, decrease HDL, reduce HDL/LDL ratio
  • inhibit glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis
41
Q

What are the clinical uses of beta-blockers?

A
  • HTN
  • angina pectoris
  • MI
  • cardiac arrhythmias
  • heart failure
  • glaucoma
  • hyperthyroidism
42
Q

What are the adverse effects of beta-blockers on CNS?

A
  • sedation
  • sleep disturbance
  • depression
43
Q

What are the adverse effects of beta-blockers on respiratory system?

A
  • increase airway resistance

- trigger bronchospasm/asthma attack

44
Q

What are the adverse effects of beta-blockers on CV system?

A
  • decrease HR, contractility and excitability
  • exacerbation of peripheral vascular disease

NOTE: may also trigger hypoglycemic episodes

CPR Exam 1 (18 decks)

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