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CSPI 6 Cardiovascular Drugs > Adrenergic Drugs > Flashcards

Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Albuterol

A

Direct-acting Beta agonist

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2
Q

Dobutamine

A

Direct-acting Beta agonist

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3
Q

Epinephrine

A

Direct-acting Beta agonist

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4
Q

Isoproterenol

A

Direct-acting Beta agonist

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5
Q

Metaproterenol

A

Direct-acting Beta agonist

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6
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Direct-acting Beta agonist

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7
Q

Terbutaline

A

Direct-acting Beta agonist

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8
Q

Epinephrine

A

Direct-acting Alpha agonist

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9
Q

Ergot Alkaloids

A

Direct-acting Alpha agonist

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10
Q

Metaraminol

A

Direct-acting Alpha agonist

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11
Q

Methoxamine

A

Direct-acting Alpha agonist

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12
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Direct-acting Alpha agonist

Levophed

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13
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Direct-acting Alpha agonist

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14
Q

Dobutamine

A

Direct-acting Alpha agonist

very weak alpha

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15
Q

Naphazoline, Oxymetazoline, Tetrahydrozoline, Xylometazoline

A

-peripheral Alpha 1 agonist for topical
vasoconstriction of nasal passages and red eyes
-central imidazoline receptor agonism like clonidine.

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16
Q

Amphetamines

A

Indirect acting sympathomimetic
Induce release and prevent the reuptake of norepinephrine, dopamine, and to a lesser
extent, serotonin.

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17
Q

Cocaine

A

Indirect acting sympathomimetic

Mainly prevents reuptake of all 3 transmitters into nerve terminals and also causes some release.

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18
Q

Methylphenidate

A

Indirect acting sympathomimetic

(Ritalin; Concerta) – same as cocaine but less potent.

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19
Q

Propylhexedrine

A

Indirect acting sympathomimetic

isomer of amphetamine; found in OTC Benzedrex nasal inhaler

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20
Q

Mephentermine

A

Indirect acting sympathomimetic
Wyamine) - Releases nor-epi; possibly small direct action on receptors. Used IV or IM to
maintain blood pressure during spinal anesthesia. Some sources say there is small direct action also.

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21
Q

Pemoline

A

Indirect acting sympathomimetic

(Cylert) - for ADHD.

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22
Q

Fenfluramine

A

Indirect acting sympathomimetic

(Pondimin) – appetite suppressant; releases and prevents reuptake of serotonin.

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23
Q

Phenmetrazine

A

Indirect acting sympathomimetic

(Preludin) – suppressant; prevents reuptake of nor-epi and dopamine.

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24
Q

Isocarboxazid

A 
MAO Inhibition
(Marplan) - Nonspecific MAO-A & B inhibition; antidepressant - short term use.
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25
Tranylcypromine
``` MAO Inhibition (Parnate) - irreversible non selective MAOI for depression. ```
26
Phenelzine
MAO Inhibition | Nardil
27
Selegiline
MAO Inhibition | (Emsam transdermal patch) - irreversible MAO-B inhibitor for Parkinson’s disease.
28
Pargyline
MAO Inhibition | off the market.
29
Linezolid
MAO Inhibition | Antibiotic; reversible, nonselective MAO inhibitor action.
30
Methylene Blue
MAO Inhibition | Potent, reversible MAO A inhibitor
31
Dopamine
Mixed direct and indirect action o Low dose (0.5 to 2 μg/kg/min) - Stimulates dopamine receptors that enhance renal blood flow o Mid dose (2 to 20 μg/kg/min) - Directly stimulates beta1 receptors to increase strength of contraction o High dose (20 to 50 μg/kg/min) - Releases nor-epi and has vasopresssor effect.
32
Ephedrine
Mixed direct and indirect action | Primarily indirect release of nor-epi; may be some direct alpha 1 stimulations also.
33
Pseudoephedrine
Mixed direct and indirect action OTC decongestant with controls on availability due to use as starting material in illegal synthesis of methamphetamine.
34
Phenylpropanolamine
Mixed direct and indirect action OTC diet aid; spikes in blood pressure pose risk of hemorrhagic stroke. Off the market in 2009 but still found as an undeclared ingredient.
35
Alpha-methyldopa
Alpha 2 agonist | (formerly Aldomet) - Outdated blood pressure med; incredibly still in use.
36
Brimonidine
Alpha 2 agonist | -for glaucoma
37
Clonidine
Alpha 2 agonist & central imidazoline receptors -unknown which receptors mediate which effects. (Catapress, Kapvay)
38
Dexmedetomidine
Alpha 2 agonist (Precedex) – Alpha 2 agonist with sedative properties; IV use such as sedation for bronchoscopy.
39
Guanabenz
Alpha 2 agonist (formerly Wytensin) --Alpha 2 agonist and central imidazoline receptors
40
Guanfacine
Alpha 2 agonist | (Intuniv, Tenex) - Similar to clonidine; particularly good for ADHD; also for hypertension.
41
Alfuzosin
Alpha blocker (Uroxatral) - Selective alpha1 blocker that targets only prostate (and eye); increases urine flow in prostatic hypertrophy
42
Phentolamine
Alpha blocker Nonselective, competitive block of alpha 1 and 2; IM or IV as toxicology antidote for epinephrine extravasation; hypertensive crisis.
43
Phenoxybenzamine
Alpha blocker Nonselective, noncompetitive alpha blocker; orally to control symptoms from pheochromocytoma (tumor secreting epi and nor-epi.
44
Doxazosin
``` Alpha blocker (Cardura) - Nonselective alpha 1 blocker; increases urine flow in prostatic hypertrophy. ```
45
Tamsulosin
Alpha blocker (Flomax) - Selective alpha1 blocker that targets only prostate (and eye); increases urine flow in prostatic hypertrophy
46
Tolazoline
Alpha blocker Direct-acting peripheral vasodilator with weak nonselective alpha-blocking properties; used for persistent pulmonary hypertension in newborn; and aid for arteriography.
47
Terazosin
Alpha blocker (Hytrin) - Nonselective alpha 1 blocker; increases urine flow in prostatic hypertrophy; also used for diastolic hypertension.
48
Silodosin
Alpha blocker (Rapaflo) - Selective alpha1 blocker that targets only prostate (and eye); increases urine flow in prostatic hypertrophy
49
Prazosin
Alpha blocker (Minipress) - Alpha 1 selective antagonist for hypertension, erectile dysfunction; prostatic hypertrophy.
50
Drugs that have alpha blocking as a "side effect"
phenothiazines atypical antipsychotics labetalol TCAs
51
Acebutolol
B1 cardio-selective Moderate membrane stabilizing Partial agonist t1/2 3-6 hr (Active metabolite with 3-8 hr half-life)
52
Atenolol
B1 cardio-selective | Removable by dialysis
53
Betaxolol
B1 cardio-selective Main use is topical eye drops for glaucoma.
54
Bisoprolol
B1 cardio-selective
55
Carteolol
As eye drops only for glaucoma.
56
Carvedilol
highly lipid soluble Also alpha-1 blocker, so worse hypotension in OD. Lowers BP without reflex tachycardia.
57
Esmolol
B1 cardio-selective t1/2 9 min IV only, short acting; metabolized by plasma esterase.
58
Labetalol
Also alpha-1 blocker, so worse hypotension in OD. Good for pre-eclampsia, hypertensive crisis; also IV form.
59
Levobunolol
As eye drops only for glaucoma.
60
Metipranolol
As eye drops only for glaucoma.
61
Metoprolol
B1 cardio-selective | Also IV form.
62
Nebivolol
Highly lipid soluble | Active metabolite with 12 hr half-life.
63
Pindolol
High Partial agonist One of most potent beta blockers available; also blocks inhibitory 5HT1a autoreceptors which would allow more release of serotonin.
64
Propranolol
High Membrane Stabilizing | Highly lipid soluble
65
Sotalol
Also blocks potassium channels/Class III | antiarrhythmic; prolong QT interval.
66
Timolol
Also topical use in eye; in many combo | products.

CSPI 6 Cardiovascular Drugs (4 decks)

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