Adrenergic Drugs Flashcards
Sympathetic Nervous System
Flight or flight
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Rest and Digest
Adrenergic Drugs effect which nervous system
Sympathetic Nervous system
Adrenergic Drugs mimic the effects of what neurotransmitters?
Epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine
Alpha-1 Adrenergic Receptors are located
Vascular smooth muscles, eyes, bladder, liver, and kidney
Alpha-2 Adrenergic Receptors are located
presynaptic nerve endings which inhibits the release of NE
Alpha Adrenergic Agonist Drug Responses Include
Vasoconstriction and Central Nervous Stimulation
Beta-1 receptors are primarily located in the
heart
Beta-2 receptors are primarily located in the
Lungs
Beta-Adrenergic Agonist Responses
Bronchial, GI, and uterine smooth muscle relaxation. Glycogenolysis (release of glucose). And Cardiac Stimulation
Dopaminergic receptors, stimulated by dopamine causes
Dilation of blood vessels in the kidneys, mesenteric, coronary, and cerebral areas.
Catecholamines include
epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine(endogenous) and Dobutamine and Phenylephrine (synthetic)
Stimulation of A-1 receptors on smooth muscles causes
vasoconstriction, relaxation of GI muscles, constriction of bladder sphincter, contraction of uterus, male ejaculation, and dilation of pupils
Stimulation of B-1 receptors on the myocardium, AV node, and SA node result in
Increased force of contraction (positive inotropic effect)
Increased heart rate (positive chronotropic effect)
Increased conduction through the AV node (positive dromotropic effect)
Positive Inotropic Effect
Increased Force of Contraction
Positive Chronotropic Effect
Increased Heart Rate
Positive Dromotropic Effect
Increased conduction through the AV Node
B-2 Adrenergic Receptors stimulate
the airways, causing bronchodilation, uterine relaxation, glycogenolysis, and relaxation of GI smooth muscles
What are indications of needing an adrenergic agonist drug
Respiratory- Acute and chronic bronchial asthma, emphysema, bronchitis, nasal congestion
Ophthalmic - conjunctival congestion, needing a reduction in intraocular pressure, open-angle glaucoma
Bladder - over active bladder
Cardiovascular - cardiac failure or shock (V-fib or Asystole)
Contraindications of adrenergic agonist
A known drug allergy, severe hypertension
Adverse effects of Alpha Adrenergic Drugs
Chest pain, vasoconstriction, hypertension, palpitations, dysthymias
Adverse effects of Bets Adrenergic Drugs
Increased heart rate, palpitations, and fluctuations in blood pressure
Toxicity of adrenergic agonist causes an extension of what adverse effects?
Seizures, hypotension or hypertension, dysthymias, palpitations. The two most life threatening involve CNS and cardiovascular
Treatment for adrenergic agonist is
Stop medication, give an adrenergic blockers or a cholinergic, and manage symptoms
Adrenergic Drugs include these types of medications
Bronchodilators, ophthalmic, nasal decongestants, and vasoactive medications.
Vasoactive adrenergic drugs are used to treat
Shock.
Vasoactive Adrenergic Drugs, all given by IV, include:
Dopamine, Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, Dobutamine, and Phenylephrine
Dobutamine (Dubutrex)
Beta-1 selective vasoactive drug, increases cardiac output
Where is the epinephrine strength 1/1000 administered?
SubQ
Where is the epinephrine strength 1/10,000 administered?
Given via IV
Low doses of epinephrine stimulate
Beta-1 receptors which increases the force of contraction and increased heart rate
High doses of epinephrine stimulate
Mostly Alpha receptors which will increase blood pressure
