Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > adrenergic-blocking agents > Flashcards

adrenergic-blocking agents Flashcards

1
Q

adrenergic blockers

A

bind to adrenergic receptors, but inhibit or block stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS)
alpha blockers- beta blockers
- have opposite effect of adrenergic agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

adrenergic blockers are also known as:

A

adrenergic antagonists and sympatholytics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

sympatholetics inhibit (or lyse)

A

sympathetic neurotransmitters, such as norepinephrine and epinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

how are adrenergic blockers classified?

A

by what type of adrenergic receptor they block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

drug effects and indications of alpha blockers

A

cause both arterial and venous dilation, reducing peripheral vascular resistance and BP
used to treat hypertension
effect on receptors on prostate gland and bladder decreased resistance to urinary outflow, thus reducing urinary obstruction and relieving the effects of BPH (enlarged prostate gland)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what are three agents used for the treatment of hypertension and BPH?

A

Prazosin (minipress) 1mg-20mg po oer day in 2-4 divided doses (HTN ONLY)

Doxazosin (cardura) 1-16mg po per day (HTN &BPH)

Terazosin (hytrin) 1-20mg po per day (HTN & BPH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what are three agents used for the treatment of BPH?

A

tamsulosin (Flomax) 0.4-0.8 mg po daily

alfuzosin (Uroxatral) 10mg/day

silodosin (rapaflo) 8 mg po day (4mg po daily for renal dysfunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what agent is used for pheochromocytoma?

A

phentolamine

used to control and prevent hypertension in patients with pheochromocytoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is pheochromocytoma?

A

a tumor on the adrenal gland, causes increased outflow of catecholamines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the dose for phentolamine?

A

5mg IV given 1-2 hours before surgery; repeat 5mh doses as needed every 2-4 hours.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

extravasation of vasopressors: phentolamine

A

quickly reverses the potent vasoconstrictive effects of the estravasated vasopressors such as norepinephrine and epinephrine, it restores blood flow and prevents tissue necrosis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

dose of extravasation of vasopressors: phentolamine:

A

infiltrate the area with a small amount of solution made by diluting 5-10mg in 10mL 0.9% sodium chloride within 12 hours of extravasation
do not exceed 0.1-0.2mg/kg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

alpha blockers side effects on the cardiovascular system

A 
palpitations
orthostatic hypotension
tachycardia
edema
dysrhymias
chest pain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

alpha blockers side effects on the CNS

A 
dizziness
headache
drowsiness
anxiety
depression
vertigo
weakness
numbness
fatigue
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

alpha blockers side effects on the Gastrointestinal system

A 
nausea
vomiting
diarrhea
constipation
abdominal pain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

alpha blocker side effects pertaining to other parts of the body

A 
incontinence
nosebleed
tinnitus
dry mouth
pharyngitis
rhinitis
impotence
17
Q

beta blockers

A

block stimulation of beta receptors in the SNS
compete with norepinephrine and epinephrine
selective and nonselective OR nonspecific or cardioselective respectively

18
Q

beta 1 receptors

A

located primarily on the heart

beta blockers selective for these receptors are called cardioselective beta blockers

19
Q

beta 2 receptors

A

located primarily on smooth muscles of bronchioles and blood vessels

20
Q

non specific beta blockers

A

beta blockers that block both beta 1 and beta 2 receptors

21
Q

cardioselective (beta 1) MOA

A

reduces SNS stimulation of the heart (HTN,MI, HF)
decreases heart rate
prolongs SA node recovery
slows conduction rate through the AV node (atrial fibrillation, fast heart rate)
decreases myocardial contractility, thus decreasing myocardial oxygen demand (chest pain, HF, MI)

22
Q

nonspecific (beta 1 and beta 2) effects on the heart MOA

A

reduces SNS stimulation of the heart (HTN,MI, HF)
decreases heart rate
prolongs SA node recovery
slows conduction rate through the AV node (atrial fibrillation, fast heart rate)
decreases myocardial contractility, thus decreasing myocardial oxygen demand (chest pain, HF, MI)

23
Q

nonspecific (beta 1 and beta 2) MOA bronchioles

A

constriction, resulting in narrowing of airways and shortness of breath

24
Q

nonspecific (beta 1 and beta 2) MOA blood vessels

A

vasoconstriction

Pharmacology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions