Adrenal Physiology

Question 1

Adrenal medulla hormones

Answer 1

1. Adrenaline (epiephrine)
2. Noradrenaline (norepiephrine)

Question 2

ACS

Adrenal Cortex hormones

Answer 2

Aldosterone: Zona glumerulosa
Cortisol: Zona fasciculata
Sex hormones: Zona reticularis

Question 3

Aldosterone physiological effects on the kidneys

Answer 3

1. Acting on the DCT/Collecting duct
2. Increase Na+/water absorption and increase K+/H+ excretion

Increases BP

Question 4

Adrenal Axis

Answer 4

1. Hypothalamus: Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
2. Pituitary: Adrenocortitropic hormone
3. Adrenal gland: Cortisol, Aldosterone, Sex hormones (oestrogen/androgen)

Question 5

GFR

Adrenal Cortex layers: Ext.-Int.

Answer 5

Zona Glomerulosa
Zona Fasciculata
Zona Reticularis

Question 6

What cell in the adrenal gland produces catecholamines e.g adrenaline/noradrenaline?

Answer 6

Chromaffin cells

in the adrenal medulla

Question 7

Which nerve fibres innervate the adrenal medulla?

Answer 7

Sympathetic fibres

Question 8

Which neurotransmitter and receptor causes the release of catecholamines in the adrenal medulla?

Answer 8

Acetylcholine (Ach)
Nicotinic receptor

nicotini receptor on chromaffin cell