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Anatomy module 7 > Adrenal gland > Flashcards

Adrenal gland Flashcards

1
Q

Adrenal gland Surrounded by ____________ but separated from the kidney by _____________

A

Gerotas’s fascia

Perirental fat

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2
Q

Cortex of adrenal gland is __________ in origin

A

Mesodermal

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3
Q

start from coelomic mesoderm adjacent to urogenital ridge

A

Week 4-6

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4
Q

differentiate into thin definite outer cortex and thick inner fetal cortex

A

Week 8

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5
Q

Fetal cortex produce ___________ during gestation and involutes at birth

A

Steroid

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6
Q

develop into functional adrenal cortex

A

Definite cortex

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7
Q

Medulla derived from

A

Neural crest cell

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8
Q

Week 5 : neural crest cell migrate to ______________ and ____________ region towards medial aspect of adrenal cortex

A

Para-aortic and para vertebral

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9
Q

located to the left of aortic bifurcation near the origin of IMA

A

Adrenal chromaffin cell

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10
Q

Form fetal adrenal cortex

A

Mesenchyme cells

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11
Q

Form symphatetic ganglia

A

Neural crest cells

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12
Q

Outer bright yellowish, Inner reddish brown

A

Cortex

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13
Q

Concern with fluid and electrolyte balance

A

Mineral corticoids

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14
Q

Concern with metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins

A

Glucocorticoids

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15
Q

Plays a role in the prepubertaldevelopment of the sex organs

A

Sex hormones

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16
Q

Present at birth

A

Zona glomerulosa

Zona fasciculata

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17
Q

Develop during first year of life

A

Zona reticularis

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18
Q

Secretes on zona glomerulosa

A

Aldosterone, Deoxycorticosterone

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19
Q

Zona fasciculata

A

Cortisol

Cortisone

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20
Q

Zona reticularis

A

Testosterone
Estrogen
Progesterone

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21
Q

a syndrome resulting from inadequate secretion of corticosteroid hormones due to the progressive destruction of the adrenal cortex

A

Addisons disease

22
Q

the condition resulting from excess amounts of corticosteroid hormones in the body.

A

Cushings syndrome

23
Q

Thin and gray in color

A

Medulla

24
Q

n. a small vascular tumour of the inner region (medulla) of the adrenal gland. Many tumours function by their uncontrolled and irregular secretion of the hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline. They cause attacks of raised blood pressure, increased heart rate, palpitations, and headache.

A

Pheochromocytoma

25
Q

Medulla secretes

A

Catecholamine

26
Q

Right suprarenal gland

A

Pyramidal in shape Behind the right lobe of liver and IVC Rest posteriorly in the diaphragm

27
Q

Left suprarenal gland

A

Crescenticin shape Behind the pancreas, lesser sac and stomach

28
Q

Artery of suprarenal gland

A

Suprarenal branch of inferior phrenic nerve Suprarenal branch of Aorta Suprarenal branch of Renal artery

29
Q

Right adrenal vein

A

drains to inferior vena cava

30
Q

Left adrenal vein

A

Drain to left renal vein

31
Q

Lymph drainage of adrenal gland

A

Lateral aortic nodes

32
Q

Nerve supply adrenal gland

A

Preganglionic symphateticfibers Majority ends in the medulla

33
Q

May be helpful in detecting mass in adrenal area Calcification in adrenal

A

Plain abdominal X- ray

34
Q

Hypoechoic

A

Dark mass in ultrasound

35
Q

Ultrasound Adult appearance

A

Entirely hypoechoic ○Concave with straight margin

36
Q

Ultrasound in Newborn ○Cortex _________, Medulla ____________

A

Hypoechoic

Hyperechoic

37
Q

Ultrasound indication

A

adrenal masses ( larger than 2 cm

38
Q

On precontrastscan adrenal have soft tissue density similar to that of liver

A

CT scan

39
Q

CT scan Normal adrenal appear inverted _________shape within retroperitoneal fat

A

V or Y

40
Q

CT scan indication

A

masses (adenoma & cancer) Cyst abscess metastasis

41
Q

Equally effective as CT in imaging adrenal disorder

A

MRI

42
Q

Selective injection of contrast into the adrenal vein with an angiographic catheter

A

Adrenal venogram

43
Q

Indication of adrenal venogram

A

hormone active tumor

adrenal hyperplasia & adrenal adenoma Cushing’s diseases

44
Q

Procedure in which contrast is injected into adrenal arteries to detect any vascular pathology

A

Arteriography

45
Q

Indication of arteriography

A

Adrenal tumor Adrenal hyperplasia CONN syndrome

46
Q

Usual role of scintigraphyis to clarify inconclusive result of imaging

A

Scintigraphy

47
Q

Indication of scintigraphy

A

Functional status of adrenal nodule Assess contralateral adrenal function Detect functional metastasis Detect recurrence after surgery Detect ectopic site of hormone production

48
Q

NP-59 ( 6-B-iodomethyl-19-norcholesterol ) Selenium-75 6-B-selenomethylnorcholesterol

A

Adrenocortical imaging agent

49
Q

MIBG ( metaiodobenzylguanidine

A

Symphatoadrenal imaging agent

50
Q

Indication for mibg

A

Pheochromocytoma Neuroblastoma, carcinoid, adrenal metastasis

51
Q

Adrenocortical carcinoma Adenoma Adrenal hyperplasia

A

NP- 59

Anatomy module 7 (1 decks)

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