ADP 1 The Army Flashcards
During the first year of the American Revolution what was established?
The American Continental Army
Who established The American Continental Army?
The Second Continental Congress
When was the The American Continental Army establised?
14 June 1776
How many campaign and battle streams adorn the Army Flag?
Over 180
What does the uniform represent for he Soldier?
They have become part of something far bigger than themselves, a chance to serve their country and change the world. It also means danger, long separations, grinding fatigue, and stress
What does the uniform mean to a Soldier family?
It is a source of pride and anxiety
What does the Uniform represent to the American citizen?
Patriotism, Selfless Service
It is recognized as a symbol of the United states the same as the White House to the Washington Monument
What does the enlistment oath mean to Soldiers?
Subordination to the Nations elected Leadership, Voluntarily give up freedoms that others take for granted, subject to military discipline and regulations, acceptance of unlimited liability in the service to the nation
What domains does the Army operate in?
Air, Land, Sea, Space and Cyberspace
Of the domains that the Army operates in which is the most complex? and why?
Land - it address humanity their cultures, ethnicities, religions and politics. These wars begin and end based on how it directly effects all of these areas. all other domains have an indirect effect.
What affects the success or failure of a land mission?
- People
- Secure Operations and Presence
- Improve Partnerships
Why is it that the quality of Soldier can determine success or failure of a land mission?
- Complex land environment allows for unintended consequences
- Enemies employ terror, criminal activity and even messaging that can further complicate the mission
Therefore the Soldier must be able to handle all situations and be very well rounded
ADP 3-0 Unified Land Operations puts emphasis on what?
The necessity of synchronizing our capabilities with other services (Joint Services), other Government agencies (Interagency), other international government agencies (Intergovernmental) and military forces from partner nations (Multinational)
What is the basic premise of Unified Land Operations
To Combine
- offensive tasks - defensive tasks - stability tasks - defense support of civil authorities (DSCA)
with
- Interagency - Intergovernmental - Multinational partners
Why are civilian agencies considered indispensable partners with landpower?
- Operate on land and depend on land power to create secure connections
- to provide expertise and resources needed to reconstruct facilities
What is meant by landpower?
The ability to gain, sustain, and exploit control over land resources and people; by threat, force or occupation
What does landpower encompass?
- The ability to impose the nations will on the enemy
- Engage to influence, shape, prevent and deter in any operational environment
- Establish and maintain a stable environment that sets the conditions for political and economical development
- Secure and support bases from which joint forces can influence and dominate air, land and maritime domains
What action is the most tangible and durable measure of America’s Commitment to Defend American Interests to protect friends and deny aggression?
Insert ground troops
What is the Army Vision?
The Army is globally engaged and regionally responsive; it is an indispensable partner and provider of a full range of capabilities to combatant commanders in a Joint, Interagency, Intergovernmental, Multinational (JIIM) environment. As part of the joint force and as America’a Army, in all that we offer, we guarantee the agility, versatility and depth to Prevent, Shape and Win.
What are the strategic roles that are captured in the Army Vision?
Prevent Conflict
Shape the International Environment
Win
What is required for the strategic role of prevent conflict?
A Creditable Force
friends and enemies must believe that the Army is Creditable
What is required for the strategic role of shape the international environment to enable partners and contain our enemies?
- Engaging with partners
- Fostering a mutual understanding through military to military contact
- Helping partners build the capacity to defend themselves
Why is it important that the Army meet their strategic role of Win and Win Decisively?
The ability to prevail in ground combat becomes a decisive factor in breaking the enemy’s will.
If the enemy’s will remains then they will continue to fight
In regards to integrated joint force; What does “prompt and sustained” combined arms maneuver mean?
Prompt- requires us to provide combat-ready forces immediately
Sustained-requires us to maintain Army forces in the fight until the president says otherwise
What are the two sources that the Army mission is based upon?
Title 10, United States Code
Department of Defense Directive 5100.01
What does Title 10, United States Code regulate?
It regulates the Armed Forces
Congress specifies its intent and requirements for the Army
What does the Department of Defense Directive 5100.01 assign?
It assigns specific responsibilities to the Armed Forces
Specifically - Organize, Train, Equip and Provide forces with expeditionary and campaign qualities
What is the mission of the United States Army?
To fight and win the Nation’s wars through prompt and sustained land combat, as part of the Joint Force
How do we go about sustaining the Army Mission?
- Organizing, equiping and training Army forces for prompt and sustained combat incident to operations on land
- integrating our capabilities with those of other armed services
- Accomplishing all missions assigned by the president, Secretary of Defense, and Combatant Commanders
- Remaining ready while preparing for the future
What is meant by “Dual Nature” of the Army?
It is both a military department and a military profession
What is meant by a Military Department?
As one of the nations armed services we carry out the missions assigned to us by the Commander in Chief in accordance with the law and intent of congress
What is meant by a Military Profession?
The Army is built upon an ethos of trust, which buttresses four other essential characteristics of our profession:
Military Expertise
Honorable Service
Esprit de Corps
Stewardship
What is the Army Chief of Staff Marching Order?
We will foster continued commitment to the Army Profession, a noble and selfless calling founded in the bedrock of trust.
How does trust play an important role in the Chief of Staff Marching Order?
Trust is the core intangible needed by the Army inside and outside of the profession
What is Trust?
Assured reliance on the character, ability, strength or truth of someone or something.
It is the essence of being an effective Soldier
Why is trust important in battle?
It builds the bonds that are needed between soldiers and their commitment to each other
How does trust begin?
It begins when a Soldier enters the Army and is reinforced throughout the period of their service
What is needed for units to accomplish missions or generate high levels of unit effectiveness and Why?
Trust in leaders - without it Soldiers will not follow orders except for fear of consequences
What four broad fields does the Army develop and maintain professional knowledge?
- The Military
- The Moral
- The Political
- The Leader
Describe the Military field of knowledge
The technical field that encompasses the doctrine of how the Army applies landpower, including the integration and adaptation of technology, the organization of units and the planning and execution of military operations.
Describe the Moral field of knowledge
How the Army applies its combat power according too the law and the expectation of our citizens
Describe the Political field of knowledge
How personnel and units operate effectively across and outside the Army’s institutional boundaries
Describe the Leadership field of knowledge
Good leaders are the qualitative multiplier on any battlefield
What does mission command do to allow maximum initiative?
- Acknowledges that land operations are complex and micro managing does not work
- Emphasizes competent leaders applying there expertise to the situation as it exists
- Fosters a culture of trust, mutual understanding and a willingness to learn from mistakes
What is an individual certification?
Occurs at different stages during service and varies based upon the particular skill set
Requires an individual to demonstrate
- Competence - Character - Commitment
What is a unit certification?
Units have certification in regards to readiness to accomplish the mission.
Measured through inspections and demonstrated performance in training, and candid assessments
What are the five compelling reasons for maintaining ethical and moral discipline during the challenging times of warfare?
- Humane treatment of detainees
- Humane treatment of noncombatants
- Leaders make decisions in action fraught with
consequences - Leaders who tactically accept misconduct or worse, encourage it
- Soldiers must live with the consequences of their conduct
Why is discipline and pride the hallmark of units with high esprit de corps?
- Discipline is behavior tempered by high standards of conduct and performance
- Pride stems from an internalized recognition that obstacles, adversity, and fear can be mastered through discipline and teamwork
How does Esprit de Corps demonstrate itself at the individual level?
Shows high motivation, discipline, and morale
How does Esprit de Corps demonstrate itself at the small unit level?
Is reflected through mission focus, technical and tactical proficiency, teamwork, and ultimately cohesion on the battlefield
How does Esprit de Corps demonstrate itself at the large/organizational level?
reflects the shared commitment Army professionals have for the organization
What is stewardship?
Conducting, supervising, or managing something entrusted to one’s care
How do Soldiers practice stewardship in today’s Army?
Soldier’s remain responsible for the missions
Involves a subordination of all Army leaders, civilian and military to the larger responsibilities of the profession
What are the 11 missions specified in the current Defense Strategic Guidance and the Army Strategic Planning Guidance as the “Primary Missions of the U.S. Armed Forces”
- Counter terrorism and irregular warfare
- Deter and detect aggression
- Project power despite antiques/area denial challenges
- Counter weapons of mass destruction
- Operate effectively in cyberspace
- Operate effectively in space
- Maintain a safe, secure, and effective secular deterrent
- Defend the homeland and provide support to civil authorities
- Provide a stabilizing presence
- Conduct stability and counter counterinsurgency operations
- Conduct humanitarian, disaster relief and other operations
What is meant by Joint Interdependence?
The deliberate reliance of one armed service on the capabilities of another armed service
What does lethality of the battlefield demand?
The mastery of combined arms
What is wide area security?
the ability of land power to secure and control populations, resources, and terrain within a joint operational area
- It can be highly cooperative - It can be coercive - It can be a carefully balanced mix of coercive and cooperative actions
What are stability operations?
The tactical tasks that the Army conducts to improve conditions for noncombatants within areas of operations outside of the United States
What is force tailoring?
The process of determining the right mix of forces and the sequence of their deployment in support of a joint force commander
What is operational adaptability?
The broad measures of the Army’s utility - based on the recognition that while we can forecast, we can not predict the next conflict, disaster, or humanitarian crisis
What are the five paired characteristics that contribute to or enhance our operational adaptability?
- Depth and Versatility
- Adaptive and Innovative
- Flexibility and Agility
- Integrated and Synchronized
- Lethal and Discriminate
Why is leadership the most important determinant of combat power?
Leadership multiplies all other factors of landpower
good leadership can overcome great disadvantages while poor leadership can throw away major advantages in numbers and equipment
What is leadership?
the process of influencing others by providing purpose, direction and motivation
How is the Army functionally divided?
Into two forces
- Operating Forces - deploy
- Generating Forces - get the Operating Forces ready
Which was exposed serious deficiencies with the Army (mobilization, deployment, and sustainment)?
The war with Spain
What war forced the small, lightly equipped Army to expand to unpredicted size, The American Expeditionary Force (AEF)?
World War I
What does the uniform of the Army represent for Veterans?
One of the most important periods of their lives, pride in awards and decorations, and sometimes intense emotional and physical distress
What is the Land Domain?
It is the most complex of all Combat Domains and also where most countries are capable of having a defense as some are unable to afford Navies, Air Forces and other forms of defense.
What U.S. Code governs the Army?
Title 10 United States Code (USC)
What Department of Defense Directive governs the Army?
DODD 5100.01
What gives the President the Authority as the Commander and Chief?
The Constitution
Who determines the size and organization of the Army?
Congress
Where does Congress get the Authority to determine the size and organization of the Army?
The Constitution
Where does the Army get it’s Mission from?
Title 10 United States Code and Department of Defense Directive 5100.01
What are the 5 Essential Characteristics of our Profession? (para 1-24 thru 1-28)
- Trust
- Honorable Service
- Military Expertise
- Stewardship of the Profession
- Esprit De Corps
What 5 things does the Army’s ability to fulfill its strategic role and discharge its responsibilities to the Nation depends on? (para 1-24)
- Trust between Soldiers.
- Trust between Soldiers and Leaders.
- Trust between Soldiers and Army Civilians.
- Trust among Soldiers, their Families, and the Army.
- Trust between the Army and the American people.
What is the Army Ethic? (para 2-1)
The heart of the Army and the inspiration for our shared professional identity.
What is the Motto of the Army’s Seal? (para 2-1)
“This We’ll Defend”
What does Ethics provide to the Army Profession? (para 2-3)
It provides the moral basis for why our Army exists
Where does our Army get its Ethics heritage? (para 2-7)
In the philosophical heritage, theological and cultural traditions, and the historical legacy that frame our Nation
What are the American values and universal rights and where do they originate? (para 2-7)
“Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness,”
What is the Preamble to the Constitution of the United States? (para 2-7)
“We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.”
What do Army professionals base their decisions and actions on? (para 2-11)
On the moral principles of the Army Ethic, ensuring the protection of the inalienable rights of all people
What are the 4 Legal foundations of the Army Profession? (table 2-1)
- The U.S. Constitution
- Titles 5, 10, 32, USC • Treaties
- Status-of-forces agreements
- Law of war
What are the 5 Legal foundations of the Individual as Professional? (table 2-1)
- Oaths for: Enlistment, Commission, and for Office
- USC—Standards of Exemplary Conduct
- UCMJ
- Rules of engagement
- Soldier’s Rules
What was the mission the Continental Congress gave the
Army?
To defend what would become the United States of America
Who lead the first American Army? (para 2-12)
General George Washington
After the loss of Philadelphia in 1777, where did the Army winter quarter? (para 2-12)
At Valley Forge
How do Units and organizations preserve their storied histories? (para 2-13)
By proudly displaying distinctive emblems like (regimental colors, crests, insignia, patches, and mottos).
Where Must Trust Always be Maintained? (CH 3)
between Soldiers; between Soldiers and their Leaders; among Soldiers, their Families, and the Army; and between the Army and the Nation
Why is “Trust between Soldiers” so Important? (CH 3)
In Battle, Soldiers primarily fight for one another, not just for their Country or some ideal. They Entrust their lives to the Soldiers on their left and right, and focus on doing their Duty in a way that maintains the Trust of their Comrades. Without this level of trust, there is No Cohesion, no ability to stand fast in the most horrific environments. The level of resilience and cohesion within an Army Unit correlates directly to trust between Soldiers in that Unit
What is the Catalyst to developing Trust between Soldiers? (CH 3)
The Army Values
Does “Trust between Soldiers” accomplish missions or generate High levels of Unit effectiveness? (CH 3)
No, “Trust between Soldiers and their Leaders” allows this
If Soldiers do not have “Trust between Soldiers and their Leaders” what can be the outcome? (CH 3)
Soldiers will not follow Orders Except from Fear of Consequences
What is the second Critical Aspect of Trust? (CH 3)
Trust between a Superior and a Subordinate
What does Trust at all levels of Leadership depend on? (CH 3)
Candor
What are the 7 Army Values? (CH 4)
- Loyalty
- Duty
- Respect
- Selfless Service
- Honor
- Integrity
- Personal Courage
What usually keeps Professional Soldiers in the Army? (CH 4)
Families
What is Essential to Preserving an All-Volunteer Force? (CH 4)
The Trust between the Army and our Soldiers’ Families; Confidence of the American Citizens
What does the Army need to Provide to the Soldiers and their Families?
A Quality of Life commensurate with the Soldier’s Service to the Nation
What does Trust in the Army between the President and the Congress allow the Army to Maintain? (CH 4)
The Readiness required to Fight and Win
Do American Citizens place Special trust and Confidence in Soldiers to Serve the Nation before all other considerations in their lives? (CH 4)
Yes; most American Citizens Trust that Most Soldiers will Defend our Country at any Cost and do so in austere environments and extreme living conditions and at Extreme Hardships to their own personal lives
What do Most Soldiers Ask of their fellow American Citizens for their Service? (CH 4)
To Remember their Sacrifice, not with Tangible Rewards, but with Respect and Appreciation for having done their Duty
How is our Military Profession Unlike other Professions? (CH 4)
The Employment of landpower in a distinctly American military context; The context is distinct because of American Military structure and the way the U.S. military employs Joint Capabilities
How is our Military Profession Like other Professions? (CH 4)
We are a repository of a Unique body of knowledge; we apply our knowledge using Expertise developed through Extensive Education and Training; we certify individual and organizational competence
How many Fields of Professional Knowledge are there? (CH 5)
Four
What are the Fields of Professional Knowledge? (CH 5)
Military-Technical Field; Moral-Ethical Field; Political-Cultural Field; Leader Development Field