ADP 1 The Army Flashcards
1
Q
During the first year of the American Revolution what was established?
A
The American Continental Army
2
Q
Who established The American Continental Army?
A
The Second Continental Congress
3
Q
When was the The American Continental Army establised?
A
14 June 1776
4
Q
How many campaign and battle streams adorn the Army Flag?
A
Over 180
5
Q
What does the uniform represent for he Soldier?
A
They have become part of something far bigger than themselves, a chance to serve their country and change the world. It also means danger, long separations, grinding fatigue, and stress
6
Q
What does the uniform mean to a Soldier family?
A
It is a source of pride and anxiety
7
Q
What does the Uniform represent to the American citizen?
A
Patriotism, Selfless Service
It is recognized as a symbol of the United states the same as the White House to the Washington Monument
8
Q
What does the enlistment oath mean to Soldiers?
A
Subordination to the Nations elected Leadership, Voluntarily give up freedoms that others take for granted, subject to military discipline and regulations, acceptance of unlimited liability in the service to the nation
9
Q
What domains does the Army operate in?
A
Air, Land, Sea, Space and Cyberspace
10
Q
Of the domains that the Army operates in which is the most complex? and why?
A
Land - it address humanity their cultures, ethnicities, religions and politics. These wars begin and end based on how it directly effects all of these areas. all other domains have an indirect effect.
11
Q
What affects the success or failure of a land mission?
A
- People
- Secure Operations and Presence
- Improve Partnerships
12
Q
Why is it that the quality of Soldier can determine success or failure of a land mission?
A
- Complex land environment allows for unintended consequences
- Enemies employ terror, criminal activity and even messaging that can further complicate the mission
Therefore the Soldier must be able to handle all situations and be very well rounded
13
Q
ADP 3-0 Unified Land Operations puts emphasis on what?
A
The necessity of synchronizing our capabilities with other services (Joint Services), other Government agencies (Interagency), other international government agencies (Intergovernmental) and military forces from partner nations (Multinational)
14
Q
What is the basic premise of Unified Land Operations
A
To Combine
- offensive tasks - defensive tasks - stability tasks - defense support of civil authorities (DSCA)
with
- Interagency - Intergovernmental - Multinational partners
15
Q
Why are civilian agencies considered indispensable partners with landpower?
A
- Operate on land and depend on land power to create secure connections
- to provide expertise and resources needed to reconstruct facilities
16
Q
What is meant by landpower?
A
The ability to gain, sustain, and exploit control over land resources and people; by threat, force or occupation
17
Q
What does landpower encompass?
A
- The ability to impose the nations will on the enemy
- Engage to influence, shape, prevent and deter in any operational environment
- Establish and maintain a stable environment that sets the conditions for political and economical development
- Secure and support bases from which joint forces can influence and dominate air, land and maritime domains
18
Q
What action is the most tangible and durable measure of America’s Commitment to Defend American Interests to protect friends and deny aggression?
A
Insert ground troops
19
Q
What is the Army Vision?
A
The Army is globally engaged and regionally responsive; it is an indispensable partner and provider of a full range of capabilities to combatant commanders in a Joint, Interagency, Intergovernmental, Multinational (JIIM) environment. As part of the joint force and as America’a Army, in all that we offer, we guarantee the agility, versatility and depth to Prevent, Shape and Win.
20
Q
What are the strategic roles that are captured in the Army Vision?
A
Prevent Conflict
Shape the International Environment
Win
21
Q
What is required for the strategic role of prevent conflict?
A
A Creditable Force
friends and enemies must believe that the Army is Creditable
22
Q
What is required for the strategic role of shape the international environment to enable partners and contain our enemies?
A
- Engaging with partners
- Fostering a mutual understanding through military to military contact
- Helping partners build the capacity to defend themselves
23
Q
Why is it important that the Army meet their strategic role of Win and Win Decisively?
A
The ability to prevail in ground combat becomes a decisive factor in breaking the enemy’s will.
If the enemy’s will remains then they will continue to fight
24
Q
In regards to integrated joint force; What does “prompt and sustained” combined arms maneuver mean?
A
Prompt- requires us to provide combat-ready forces immediately
Sustained-requires us to maintain Army forces in the fight until the president says otherwise
25
What are the two sources that the Army mission is based upon?
Title 10, United States Code
Department of Defense Directive 5100.01
26
What does Title 10, United States Code regulate?
It regulates the Armed Forces
Congress specifies its intent and requirements for the Army
27
What does the Department of Defense Directive 5100.01 assign?
It assigns specific responsibilities to the Armed Forces
Specifically - Organize, Train, Equip and Provide forces with expeditionary and campaign qualities
28
What is the mission of the United States Army?
To fight and win the Nation's wars through prompt and sustained land combat, as part of the Joint Force
29
How do we go about sustaining the Army Mission?
1. Organizing, equiping and training Army forces for prompt and sustained combat incident to operations on land
2. integrating our capabilities with those of other armed services
3. Accomplishing all missions assigned by the president, Secretary of Defense, and Combatant Commanders
4. Remaining ready while preparing for the future
30
What is meant by "Dual Nature" of the Army?
It is both a military department and a military profession
31
What is meant by a Military Department?
As one of the nations armed services we carry out the missions assigned to us by the Commander in Chief in accordance with the law and intent of congress
32
What is meant by a Military Profession?
The Army is built upon an ethos of trust, which buttresses four other essential characteristics of our profession:
Military Expertise
Honorable Service
Esprit de Corps
Stewardship
33
What is the Army Chief of Staff Marching Order?
We will foster continued commitment to the Army Profession, a noble and selfless calling founded in the bedrock of trust.
34
How does trust play an important role in the Chief of Staff Marching Order?
Trust is the core intangible needed by the Army inside and outside of the profession
35
What is Trust?
Assured reliance on the character, ability, strength or truth of someone or something.
It is the essence of being an effective Soldier
36
Why is trust important in battle?
It builds the bonds that are needed between soldiers and their commitment to each other
37
How does trust begin?
It begins when a Soldier enters the Army and is reinforced throughout the period of their service
38
What is needed for units to accomplish missions or generate high levels of unit effectiveness and Why?
Trust in leaders - without it Soldiers will not follow orders except for fear of consequences
39
What four broad fields does the Army develop and maintain professional knowledge?
1. The Military
2. The Moral
3. The Political
4. The Leader
40
Describe the Military field of knowledge
The technical field that encompasses the doctrine of how the Army applies landpower, including the integration and adaptation of technology, the organization of units and the planning and execution of military operations.
41
Describe the Moral field of knowledge
How the Army applies its combat power according too the law and the expectation of our citizens
42
Describe the Political field of knowledge
How personnel and units operate effectively across and outside the Army's institutional boundaries
43
Describe the Leadership field of knowledge
Good leaders are the qualitative multiplier on any battlefield
44
What does mission command do to allow maximum initiative?
1. Acknowledges that land operations are complex and micro managing does not work
2. Emphasizes competent leaders applying there expertise to the situation as it exists
3. Fosters a culture of trust, mutual understanding and a willingness to learn from mistakes
45
What is an individual certification?
Occurs at different stages during service and varies based upon the particular skill set
Requires an individual to demonstrate
- Competence
- Character
- Commitment
46
What is a unit certification?
Units have certification in regards to readiness to accomplish the mission.
Measured through inspections and demonstrated performance in training, and candid assessments
47
What are the five compelling reasons for maintaining ethical and moral discipline during the challenging times of warfare?
1. Humane treatment of detainees
2. Humane treatment of noncombatants
3. Leaders make decisions in action fraught with
consequences
4. Leaders who tactically accept misconduct or worse, encourage it
5. Soldiers must live with the consequences of their conduct
48
Why is discipline and pride the hallmark of units with high esprit de corps?
1. Discipline is behavior tempered by high standards of conduct and performance
2. Pride stems from an internalized recognition that obstacles, adversity, and fear can be mastered through discipline and teamwork
49
How does Esprit de Corps demonstrate itself at the individual level?
Shows high motivation, discipline, and morale
50
How does Esprit de Corps demonstrate itself at the small unit level?
Is reflected through mission focus, technical and tactical proficiency, teamwork, and ultimately cohesion on the battlefield
51
How does Esprit de Corps demonstrate itself at the large/organizational level?
reflects the shared commitment Army professionals have for the organization
52
What is stewardship?
Conducting, supervising, or managing something entrusted to one's care
53
How do Soldiers practice stewardship in today's Army?
Soldier's remain responsible for the missions
Involves a subordination of all Army leaders, civilian and military to the larger responsibilities of the profession
54
What are the 11 missions specified in the current Defense Strategic Guidance and the Army Strategic Planning Guidance as the "Primary Missions of the U.S. Armed Forces"
1. Counter terrorism and irregular warfare
2. Deter and detect aggression
3. Project power despite antiques/area denial challenges
4. Counter weapons of mass destruction
5. Operate effectively in cyberspace
6. Operate effectively in space
7. Maintain a safe, secure, and effective secular deterrent
8. Defend the homeland and provide support to civil authorities
9. Provide a stabilizing presence
10. Conduct stability and counter counterinsurgency operations
11. Conduct humanitarian, disaster relief and other operations
55
What is meant by Joint Interdependence?
The deliberate reliance of one armed service on the capabilities of another armed service
56
What does lethality of the battlefield demand?
The mastery of combined arms
57
What is wide area security?
the ability of land power to secure and control populations, resources, and terrain within a joint operational area
- It can be highly cooperative
- It can be coercive
- It can be a carefully balanced mix of coercive and cooperative actions
58
What are stability operations?
The tactical tasks that the Army conducts to improve conditions for noncombatants within areas of operations outside of the United States
59
What is force tailoring?
The process of determining the right mix of forces and the sequence of their deployment in support of a joint force commander
60
What is operational adaptability?
The broad measures of the Army's utility - based on the recognition that while we can forecast, we can not predict the next conflict, disaster, or humanitarian crisis
61
What are the five paired characteristics that contribute to or enhance our operational adaptability?
1. Depth and Versatility
2. Adaptive and Innovative
3. Flexibility and Agility
4. Integrated and Synchronized
5. Lethal and Discriminate
62
Why is leadership the most important determinant of combat power?
Leadership multiplies all other factors of landpower
good leadership can overcome great disadvantages while poor leadership can throw away major advantages in numbers and equipment
63
What is leadership?
the process of influencing others by providing purpose, direction and motivation
64
How is the Army functionally divided?
Into two forces
- Operating Forces - deploy
- Generating Forces - get the Operating Forces ready
65
Which was exposed serious deficiencies with the Army (mobilization, deployment, and sustainment)?
The war with Spain
66
What war forced the small, lightly equipped Army to expand to unpredicted size, The American Expeditionary Force (AEF)?
World War I
67
What does the uniform of the Army represent for Veterans?
One of the most important periods of their lives, pride in awards and decorations, and sometimes intense emotional and physical distress
68
What is the Land Domain?
It is the most complex of all Combat Domains and also where most countries are capable of having a defense as some are unable to afford Navies, Air Forces and other forms of defense.
69
What U.S. Code governs the Army?
Title 10 United States Code (USC)
70
What Department of Defense Directive governs the Army?
DODD 5100.01
71
What gives the President the Authority as the Commander and Chief?
The Constitution
72
Who determines the size and organization of the Army?
Congress
73
Where does Congress get the Authority to determine the size and organization of the Army?
The Constitution
74
Where does the Army get it’s Mission from?
Title 10 United States Code and Department of Defense Directive 5100.01
75
What are the 5 Essential Characteristics of our Profession? (para 1-24 thru 1-28)
1. Trust
2. Honorable Service
3. Military Expertise
4. Stewardship of the Profession
5. Esprit De Corps
76
What 5 things does the Army's ability to fulfill its strategic role and discharge its responsibilities to the Nation depends on? (para 1-24)
1. Trust between Soldiers.
2. Trust between Soldiers and Leaders.
3. Trust between Soldiers and Army Civilians.
4. Trust among Soldiers, their Families, and the Army.
5. Trust between the Army and the American people.
77
What is the Army Ethic? (para 2-1)
The heart of the Army and the inspiration for our shared professional identity.
78
What is the Motto of the Army’s Seal? (para 2-1)
“This We’ll Defend”
79
What does Ethics provide to the Army Profession? (para 2-3)
It provides the moral basis for why our Army exists
80
Where does our Army get its Ethics heritage? (para 2-7)
In the philosophical heritage, theological and cultural traditions, and the historical legacy that frame our Nation
81
What are the American values and universal rights and where do they originate? (para 2-7)
“Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness,”
82
What is the Preamble to the Constitution of the United States? (para 2-7)
“We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.”
83
What do Army professionals base their decisions and actions on? (para 2-11)
On the moral principles of the Army Ethic, ensuring the protection of the inalienable rights of all people
84
What are the 4 Legal foundations of the Army Profession? (table 2-1)
1. The U.S. Constitution
2. Titles 5, 10, 32, USC • Treaties
3. Status-of-forces agreements
4. Law of war
85
What are the 5 Legal foundations of the Individual as Professional? (table 2-1)
1. Oaths for: Enlistment, Commission, and for Office
2. USC—Standards of Exemplary Conduct
3. UCMJ
4. Rules of engagement
5. Soldier’s Rules
86
What was the mission the Continental Congress gave the
| Army?
To defend what would become the United States of America
87
Who lead the first American Army? (para 2-12)
General George Washington
88
After the loss of Philadelphia in 1777, where did the Army winter quarter? (para 2-12)
At Valley Forge
89
How do Units and organizations preserve their storied histories? (para 2-13)
By proudly displaying distinctive emblems like (regimental colors, crests, insignia, patches, and mottos).
90
Where Must Trust Always be Maintained? (CH 3)
between Soldiers; between Soldiers and their Leaders; among Soldiers, their Families, and the Army; and between the Army and the Nation
91
Why is “Trust between Soldiers” so Important? (CH 3)
In Battle, Soldiers primarily fight for one another, not just for their Country or some ideal. They Entrust their lives to the Soldiers on their left and right, and focus on doing their Duty in a way that maintains the Trust of their Comrades. Without this level of trust, there is No Cohesion, no ability to stand fast in the most horrific environments. The level of resilience and cohesion within an Army Unit correlates directly to trust between Soldiers in that Unit
92
What is the Catalyst to developing Trust between Soldiers? (CH 3)
The Army Values
93
Does “Trust between Soldiers” accomplish missions or generate High levels of Unit effectiveness? (CH 3)
No, “Trust between Soldiers and their Leaders” allows this
94
If Soldiers do not have “Trust between Soldiers and their Leaders” what can be the outcome? (CH 3)
Soldiers will not follow Orders Except from Fear of Consequences
95
What is the second Critical Aspect of Trust? (CH 3)
Trust between a Superior and a Subordinate
96
What does Trust at all levels of Leadership depend on? (CH 3)
Candor
97
What are the 7 Army Values? (CH 4)
1. Loyalty
2. Duty
3. Respect
4. Selfless Service
5. Honor
6. Integrity
7. Personal Courage
98
What usually keeps Professional Soldiers in the Army? (CH 4)
Families
99
What is Essential to Preserving an All-Volunteer Force? (CH 4)
The Trust between the Army and our Soldiers’ Families; Confidence of the American Citizens
100
What does the Army need to Provide to the Soldiers and their Families?
A Quality of Life commensurate with the Soldier’s Service to the Nation
101
What does Trust in the Army between the President and the Congress allow the Army to Maintain? (CH 4)
The Readiness required to Fight and Win
102
Do American Citizens place Special trust and Confidence in Soldiers to Serve the Nation before all other considerations in their lives? (CH 4)
Yes; most American Citizens Trust that Most Soldiers will Defend our Country at any Cost and do so in austere environments and extreme living conditions and at Extreme Hardships to their own personal lives
103
What do Most Soldiers Ask of their fellow American Citizens for their Service? (CH 4)
To Remember their Sacrifice, not with Tangible Rewards, but with Respect and Appreciation for having done their Duty
104
How is our Military Profession Unlike other Professions? (CH 4)
The Employment of landpower in a distinctly American military context; The context is distinct because of American Military structure and the way the U.S. military employs Joint Capabilities
105
How is our Military Profession Like other Professions? (CH 4)
We are a repository of a Unique body of knowledge; we apply our knowledge using Expertise developed through Extensive Education and Training; we certify individual and organizational competence
106
How many Fields of Professional Knowledge are there? (CH 5)
Four
107
What are the Fields of Professional Knowledge? (CH 5)
Military-Technical Field; Moral-Ethical Field; Political-Cultural Field; Leader Development Field
108
Describe the Military-Technical Field? (CH 5)
It encompasses the Doctrine of how the Army Applies Landpower, including the Integration and Adaptation of Technology, the Organization of Units, and the Planning and Execution of Military Operations
109
Describe the Moral-Ethical Field? (CH 5)
It describes how the Army applies its Combat Power according to Law and the Expectation of our Citizens
110
Describe the Political-Cultural Field? (CH 5)
It prescribes how Personnel and Units operate Effectively across and outside the Army’s Institutional Boundaries
111
Describe the Leader Development Field? (CH 5)
Developing Good Leaders is the Qualitative Multiplier on any battlefield, the Most Dynamic Element of Combat Power
112
How does the Army Impart Professional Knowledge? (CH 5)
through Training and Education at both Individual and Unit Levels
113
What type of Culture does Mission Command want to Foster during Training? (CH 5)
A Culture of Trust, Mutual Understanding, and a Willingness to Learn from Mistakes
114
Army Training does more than develop Technical Expertise, it also Encourages Army Leaders to do what? (CH 5)
Exercise Discretionary Judgments without Close Supervision; this Ability is Critically Important because of the Lethality of what we do
115
How do Individuals Develop Certification in detail? (CH 5)
Through Army Branches, Proponents, and Army Civilian career field programs
116
What does Certification Measure? (CH 5)
Competence, Character, and Commitment
117
What is Professional Competence? (CH 5)
The Mastery of Specific Skills
118
What does Professional Character do? (CH 5)
Ensures Army Professionals use their Expertise on behalf of the American People and Only in Accordance with the Law
119
What is Professional Commitment? (CH 5)
It shows each individual’s willingness to put the requirements of the Army and Nation above their Personal Goals
120
How is Unit compliance with Safety and Personnel Regulations measured? (CH 5)
Through Inspections
121
What are the two Communities of Practice the Army Profession recognizes? (CH 5)
Profession of Arms and Army Civilian Corps
122
What must an individual do to become a Professional? (CH 5)
Become Certified
123
How is the responsibility for each Individual’s Development and Certification a mutually shared responsibility? (CH 5)
It is shared by the Individual and the Army and is the responsibility of both
124
What article of the Constitution requires that Every member of the Army Profession—Military or Civilian, Officer or Enlisted?
Article VI
125
What does Article VI of the Constitution require Every member of the Army profession—military or civilian, officer or enlisted enlisted to do?
“shall be bound by Oath or Affirmation, to support this Constitution.”
126
What is an Oath?
An Individual Moral Commitment made Publicly Unlike Civilians
127
What does the Oath bind Soldiers to?
An Unlimited Liability, Acceptance of the Risk of Serious Personal harm or death
128
Is the Constitutional Oath legally binding?
Yes
129
How is the Constitutional Oath Legally binding?
Makes Soldiers subject to the Uniform Code of Military Justice, Federal Laws applicable to the Armed Forces, and the Law of Land Warfare
130
How is Loss of Discipline on the part of our Soldiers exploited by the Enemy?
Through Propaganda and magnified through the Media
131
Why may the Enemy not respect International Conventions and Commit Atrocities?
To Provoke Retaliation in kind from our Soldiers
132
What must Small-Unit Leaders do to prevent our Soldiers from Retaliating in response to an Enemy’s Unethical Acts?
They must maintain Discipline and Ensure that the conduct of Soldiers remains within Ethical and Moral Boundaries
133
What are the five compelling reasons Small-Unit Leaders must maintain Ethical and Moral Boundaries?
1. Humane treatment of Detainees Encourages Enemy Surrender and thereby reduces friendly losses; nothing Emboldens Enemy Resistance like the belief that U.S.
forces will Kill or Torture Prisoners
2. Humane treatment of Noncombatants reduces their Antagonism toward U.S. Forces and may lead to Valuable Intelligence
3. Leaders make Decisions in Action fraught with Consequences. If leaders lack an Ethical foundation, those Consequences can adversely affect Mission Accomplishment
4. Leaders who accept Misconduct, or far worse, Encourage it, Erode Discipline within the unit which destroys unit cohesion and esprit de corps
5. Soldiers must live with the Consequences of their Conduct
134
What was General Creighton Abrams’ (combat veteran of World War II, Korea, the Cold War, and Vietnam) quote about Ethics?
“While we are Guarding the Country, we must accept being the Guardian of the Finest Ethics; the country needs it and we must do it.”
135
What does ADP 1 Chapter 2-20 mean by mean by Esprit de Corps?
Respect for our History and Tradition and Committed to the Highest Standards of Individual and Collective Excellence
136
How does the Army Emphasize Esprit de Corps and Tradition and History?
Through the practice of Customs, Traditions, and Ceremonies
137
How do Units and Organizations preserve their Unit Histories and Display them?
With Unit Distinctive Insignia (such as Unit Crests, Patches, and Mottos)
138
What do Customs, Traditions, Ceremonies and Symbols give Soldiers?
A Sense of Commitment, Identify the cause we Serve, and unite us to those who have gone before and
Sacrificed so much
139
What is the Hallmark of Units with High Esprit de Corps?
Discipline and Pride
140
What is Discipline?
The Behavior Tempered by High Standards of Conduct and Performance and Reflects the Self-Control necessary in the Face of Temptation, Obstacles, and Adversity, and the control to do the Harder Right instead of the Easier Wrong
141
What is Pride?
Recognition that Obstacles, Adversity, and Fear can be Mastered through Discipline and Teamwork
142
How do Discipline and Pride go together?
With Judgment, Expertise, and Experience to Create Military and Civilian Professionals
143
What does Esprit de Corps say about a Soldier or Unit?
It shows High Motivation, Discipline, and Morale
144
What does a Soldier with high Esprit de Corps have?
Pride, a Sense of Accomplishment in doing a good job or seeing a Subordinate Develop, and shared value
145
How does a Small-Unit or Team’s show Esprit de Corps?
Through Mission Focus, Technical and Tactical Proficiency, Teamwork, and ultimately Cohesion on the Battlefield
146
How does Large-Unit or Organizational level show Esprit de Corps?
It is shown through the shared commitment Army Professionals have for the Organization—it’s Mission and Goals, its Traditions and Customs, and its Heritage of Honorable Service.
147
What is Unit and Organizational Esprit de Corps Built on?
An open Command Climate of Candor, Trust, and Respect, with Leaders who exhibit concern for the Welfare of Subordinates and Set the Example for Expertise and Honorable Service
148
Where is the Authority for Civilian Control of our Military embedded?
The Constitution
149
Landpower Complementing Air, Maritime, and Space-Based Power, and in turn the other Services making the Army the Preeminent Ground Force in the World this Joint Interdependence is the Evolution of What?
Combined Arms
150
What are the Army’s 10 Decisive Landpower Missions?
1. Counter Terrorism and Irregular Warfare
2. Deter and Defeat Aggression
3. Counter Weapons of Mass Destruction
4. Operate Effectively in Cyberspace
5. Operate Effectively in Space
6. Maintain a Safe, Secure, and Effective Nuclear Deterrent
7. Defend the Homeland and Provide Support to Civil Authorities
8. Provide a Stabilizing Presence
9. Conduct Stability and Counterinsurgency Operations
10. Conduct Humanitarian, Disaster Relief, and other Operations
151
What is Joint Interdependence?
The Deliberate Reliance of One Armed Service on the Capabilities of another Armed Service
152
What are the 4 Primary Missions of the Armed Forces that may require large numbers of Ground Forces or the Ready Availability of large Numbers of Soldiers?
1. Counter Terrorism and Irregular Warfare
2. Stability and Counter Insurgency Operations
3. War
4. the Defense of Our Homeland and Support of Civil Authorities
153
What does Assured Access to Cyberspace increase the Army’s Ability to Achieve?
The Army’s ability to Enhance our Combined Arms Performance and Integrates it with Joint Capabilities
154
Does the Army consider Cyberspace as a Battleground?
Yes; the intensity of Cyber Electromagnetic Activities continues to Multiply
155
What do Space Systems Allow the Army to Employ?
Space Systems allow the Army to Employ Weapons Systems Rapidly, Lethally and Discreetly
156
What are the Army’s two Core Competencies that are Indispensable Contributions to the Joint Force?
Combined Arms Maneuver and Wide Area Security
157
What are the Army’s 7 Enabling Competencies?
1. Security Cooperation
2. Tailoring Forces
3. Entry Operations
4. Flexible Mission Command
5. The Support we provide to the Joint Force and Ourselves
6. Domestic Support
7. Mobilizing Reserve Components
158
How does Maneuver effect the Enemy?
It places the Enemy at a Physical Disadvantage; the Enemy is More Vulnerable to Our Weapons than Army Forces are to the Enemy’s weapons; imposes a Psychological Disadvantage on the Enemy
159
What are some of the Combined Arms Maneuver Tasks?
Offensive and Defensive Operations, Security Operations such a Screen or Guard Mission, Reconnaissance Missions, and Special Purpose Tasks such as River Crossings. Nothing the Army does is as Challenging as Combined Arms Maneuver
160
What is Wide area security?
The ability of landpower to secure and control populations, resources, and terrain within a joint operational area
161
What are Stability Operations?
The Tactical Tasks that the Army conducts to Improve Conditions for Noncombatants within Areas of Operations outside the United States
162
What are the Basic Tasks of Stability Operations?
Providing Security, Exercising Control, and Providing Life-Sustaining Support such as Food and Water
163
What are the more Complex Tasks of Stability Operations?
Governance and Economic Development
164
What is Force Tailoring?
The Process of determining the Right Mix of Forces and the Sequence of their Deployment in support of a Joint Force Commander
165
What is the “Science of Control”?
Regulating, Monitoring, and Directing Unit Actions
166
What does the Science of Control require?
Sophisticated and Rugged Information Systems, along with a Well-Trained Staff to Employ them
167
What are the levels of Command and the Rank that Generally Commands them?
1. Squad-SSG; Platoon-Lieutenant/SFC
2. Company-Captain/1SG
3. Battalion-LTC/CSM; Brigade-COL/CSM
4. Division-Major General/CSM
5. Corps-Lieutenant General/CSM
6. Army-General/CSM
168
What is the Size of a Squad?
6-9 Soldiers
169
What is the Size of a Platoon?
16-44 Soldiers
170
What is the Size of a Company?
62-190 Soldiers
171
What is the Size of a Battalion?
300-1000
172
What is the Size of a Brigade?
3000-5000
173
What is the Size of a Division?
10,000-15,000
174
What is the Size of a Corps?
20,000-45,000
175
What is the Size of an Army?
50,000 or more
176
Why did Military Expeditions Throughout History usually Fail?
Historically Military Expeditions failed because of Disease and Combat Losses Eroded their Combat Power, or a lack of Supplies prevented them from Seizing Opportunities
177
What gives our Nation the ability to Deploy large numbers of Ground forces anywhere and the ability to Employ them Indefinitely?
U.S. Soldiers Operating Around the World Today are the Best Supplied, Best Equipped, and Healthiest American Troops in History
178
The Army Corps of Engineers is Required by Law to do what?
The Army Corps of Engineers is Required to Maintain the Nation’s Rivers and Waterways. The Corps also has the Primary Responsibility for Safeguarding Communities from Floods
179
How long has it been since Soldiers have faced a Threat from the Air?
Because of America’s Air Superiority it has been over 60 years since Soldiers have faced an Air Threat
180
What is Joint Interdependence?
All the Services working together. The Army, Navy, Air Force and Marines.
181
What is an Example of Joint Interdependence?
A Platoon Leader can call upon Air, Maritime, and Space-Based Capabilities that would have been considered Science Fiction by their World War II and Vietnam War Counterparts
182
What did President George Washington say 8 January 1790 during his First Annual Address to Both Houses of Congress about “Preserving Peace”?
President George Washington said “To be Prepared for War is one of the Most Effectual means of Preserving Peace”
183
What are the two things that the Army Must Invest in to prepare for the Demanding Environment that Soldiers and the Nation may face in the Future?
Training and Leader Development
184
What is allowing us to “Win the Current Fight”?
Soldiers continue to Take the Fight to our Enemies and they take Unprecedented Measures to Protect Noncombatants
185
Currently the Army is undergoing “Reshaping” Efforts, What is this Mission called and what is the Intent?
The Mission is called “Joint Force 2020” and the Intent is that the Army will Remain Flexible and Ready to meet the Nation’s Requirements
186
Where will the Army “Prioritize it’s Assets”?
The Army will Prioritize it Assets toward the Pacific Region and Middle East and will Reshape the Force to Support the National Military Strategy
187
Historically after every Conflict our Nation has had, what has happened to the Military?
The Military has been Drawn Down in Size as the Defense Priorities Reshape the Army,
188
What must we Ensure that we do not do during Drawdowns?
We need to Avoid the Historic Pattern of Drawing Down too Quickly and Risk Losing Leaders, Skills, and Capabilities
189
The Army’s ability to Expand Rapidly Depends on what four Structural Factors?
1. Maintaining a Strong Cadre of NonCommissioned and Mid-Grade Officers to build the Core of New Formations when needed
2. Army Special Operations Forces and Incorporating them to Work as a Team with Our Conventional Forces
3. the Army National Guard and Army Reserve
4. the Nation’s Industrial Base and their Ability to Research and Development designs, produce, and maintain weapons systems and provides components and parts but we would also need to Improve our Acquisition Process at Every Level throughout the Army
190
What is Operational Adaptability?
The Broad Measure of the Army’s utility based on the Recognition that while we can forecast, we Cannot Predict the Next Conflict, Disaster, or Humanitarian Crisis
191
What does Operational adaptability Require?
It Requires Landpower that can Adjust Rapidly to Prevent Conflict, Shape an Operational Environment, and Win the Nation’s Wars and it requires the Army to Operate Effectively across the Range of Military Operations while overcoming the Psychological and Moral Challenges of Land Combat
192
Operational Adaptability requires Landpower that can do what?
Adjust Rapidly to Prevent Conflict, Be Scalable and Tailorable in Order to Shape an Operational Environment, and Win the Nation's Wars
193
For Operational Adaptability, what will the Army continue to Support the Joint Force with?
Critical Capabilities in Space and Intelligence Collection, Analysis, and Synchronization of Landbased Air and Missile Defenses for protecting Key Infrastructure and Bases, and Elite Forces for Special Operations, Civil Affairs, Military Police, Engineers, and many other Supporting Capabilities
194
What areas are being Changed because of Operational Adaptability ?
(DOTMLPF) Army Doctrine, Organization, Training, Materiel, Leadership and Education, Personnel, and Facilities
195
What is meant by the Army having “Depth”?
Depth in the Army means the Army has Combat-Ready Regular Army Forces combined with an Ability to Mobilize, Deploy, and Employ our Reserve Components
196
What is meant by the Army having “Versatility”?
Versatility means the Army has a diverse mix of Capabilities, Formations, and Equipment allows the Army to Tailor Forces to the needs of the Combatant Commanders
197
What does it mean to have Adaptive and Innovative Leaders?
Leaders accept that No Predetermined Solutions Exist; Each Situation Requires Judgment and Discretion.
198
Describe how the Army is Flexible?
The Army is Flexible in it’s Ability to Conduct different Joint Missions across a Wide Range of Operational Environments against Equally Diverse Threats
199
Describe how the Army is Agile?
The Army is Agile in Tacticalness and the Speed and Effectiveness with which we Transition between Tactical Tasks as part of Decisive Action
200
What is the Army’s Greatest Asset?
The All-Volunteer Force
201
What does the All-Volunteer Force Provide?
1. Depth
2. Versatility
3. Unmatched Experience to the Joint Force
202
What type of Leader must the Army Retain?
High-Quality, Combat Experienced Leaders so that they, in turn, Train the Next Generation of Army Professionals
203
What is Leadership?
The Process of Influencing People by Providing Purpose, Direction, and Motivation to Accomplish the Mission and Improve the Organization
204
Good Leaders have the ability to respond effectively to what?
Complexity and Chaos, Anticipate Opportunities, and Remain Effective under Stress
205
How does the Army Shape Leaders?
The Army Shapes Leaders through Training and Experience into Expert Practitioners and then they add Education, Leader Development, and Most Importantly, Responsibility for Themselves and their Teammates
206
How do Leaders Prepare Subordinates?
By Empowering them to Operate Autonomously and by Underwriting Risk
207
What are the things that Leaders must Do?
1. Learn
2. Think
3. Adapt as well as Communicate Fully, Honestly, and Candidly up, down, and laterally
208
How is Mission Success realized by using Leaders?
Great Leaders will Balance Risk with the Opportunity to Retain the Initiative
209
What is the Famous Quote given to other Veterans on Memorial Day 1884 by Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court, Oliver Wendell who was Wounded Three times during the Civil War?
“In our Youth our Hearts were Touched with Fire.…”
210
What is the percentage of Americans that Serve in the Military
Less than One-Half of One Percent of Americans Serve in the Military, and only about Half of them are Soldiers
211
What does Title 10, U.S. Code (USC) Establish?
It is the Law Established by Congress that Establishes the Basic Structure of the Army made up of one Regular Army and Two Reserve Components: the Regular Army, The Army Reserve, and The Army National Guard of the United States
212
What is the National Guard’s Dual Role Established by the Constitution?
A State Military Force and also an Operational Reserve for the Regular Army
213
Who has National Guard units?
Each State, the U.S. Territories, and the District of Columbia
214
How many States are there Total that have National Guard Units?
54 States and Territorial have National Guards Units
215
Who is the National Guard under the Command of?
Their State Governor unless Mobilized for Federal Service
216
What Task can the National Guard Units perform that the Active Army units are not allowed to Perform Except under Certain Special Circumstances?
The National Guard can be used for Law Enforcement when used by the Governor and called up for State Emergencies. Federal Forces cannot perform that Task because of Federal Laws Prohibit it.
217
Who is in Command of the Army Reserves?
The President, the Army Reserves only serve as a Federal Military Force
218
How much of the Army’s Strength is made up by the Army Reserves?
about One-Fifth
219
How much of the Army’s Sustainment Units does the Army Reserves make up?
It provides One-Half of the Army’s Sustainment Units
220
How much of the Army’s Mobilization Base-Expansion Capability does the Army Reserves Represent?
They make up One-Fourth of the Army’s Mbase-Expansion Capability
221
How many Occupational Fields do Army Civilians Serve in?
Army Civilians serve in 540 Different Occupational Fields
222
What Oath do Army Civilians take?
They take the Same Oath as Army Officers and Members of Congress, Solemnly Swearing that they will Support and Defend the Constitution
223
What is the difference between the Operating Force and the Generating Force?
The Operating Force is Units that are Ready and Prepared to Deploy for Combat. The Generating Force Prepares the Operating Force to Perform their Mission.
224
What does the Army Flag Honor?
All who Served and are Serving, Reminding each American that our place today as the world’s Preeminent Landpower was not achieved quickly or easily but Built on the Sacrifices from the Revolution through today
225
When was “The American Continental Army” Established?
14 June 177
226
Where were the Initial Engagements of the American Continental Army?
Massachusetts
227
After the Army’s Initial Establishment 14 June 1775, how many Years of Fighting were there?
Eight more Years of War followed
228
How many Streamers did the Army earn for the Army Flag during the Revolutionary War?
15
229
What were the Streamers that the Army received for the Revolutionary War?
Boston, Brandywine, Charleston, Cowpens, Germantown, Guilford Court House, Long Island, Monmouth, Princeton, Quebec, Saratoga, Savannah, Ticonderoga, Trenton and Yourktown
230
Who did the U.S. fight during the War of 1812?
The British
231
What was Andrew Jackson Famous for during the War of 1812?
He used Regular Army Troops and Malitia (Today’s Army Reserves and National Guardsman) to Crush the Largest British Army sent to North America
232
How many Battle Streamers did the Army receive for the War of 1812?
6
233
What were the Streamers that the Army received for the War of 1812?
Bladensburg, Canada, Chippewa, Lundy’s Lane, McHenry and New Orleans
234
What was the year that the Army fought Mexico in “The Mexican War”?
1846
235
How many Battle Streamers did the Army earn from the Mexican War?
10
236
What was gained from the Mexican War?
the Mexican War Extended the Nation’s borders to the Pacific Ocean
237
What are the Battle Streamers the Army received from the Mexican War?
Buena Vista, Cerro Gordo, Chapultepec, Churubusco, Contreras, Molino del Rey, Monterey, Palo Alto, Resca de la Palma, Vera Cruz
238
When did the Civil War begin?
1861
239
How many Battle streamers were earned for the Civil War?
25
240
What were the Battle streamers earned for the Civil War?
Antietam, Appomattox, Atlanta, Bull Run, Chancellorsville, Chattanooga, Chickamauga, Cold Harbor, Franklin, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Henry and Donelson, Manassas, Mississippi River, Murfreesborough, Nashville, Peninsula, Petersburg, Shenandoah, Shiloh, Spotsylvania, Sumter, Valley, Vicksburg, Wilderness
241
How many Battle streamers did the Army receive for the Indian Wars?
14
242
What were the 14 streamers for the Indian Wars?
Apaches, Bannocks, Black Hawk, Cheyennes, Comanches, Creeks, Little Big Horn, Miami, Modocs, Nez Perces, Pine Ridge, Seminoles, Tippecanoe, Utes
243
When was the War with Spain?
1898
244
What was Significant about the War with Spain?
It Exposed Serious Deficiencies with the Army, Mobilization, Deployment, and Sustainment were a debacle, but fortunately Spain lacked the Resources to Counter
245
How many Battle streamers did the Army receive for the War with Spain?
3
246
What were the three Battle streamers for the War with Spain?
Manila, Puerto Rico, Santiago
247
How many Battle streamers did the Army receive for the China Relief Expedition?
3
248
What were the three Battle streamers the Army Received for the China Relief Expedition?
Peking, Tientsin, Yang-Tsun
249
How many Battle streamers did the Army receive for the Philippine Insurrection?
11
250
What were the streamers the Army received for the Philippine Insurrection?
Cavite, Iloilo, Jolo, Laguna de Bay, Malolos, Manila, Mindanao, San Fabian, San Isidro, Tarlac, Zapote
251
What streamer did the Army earn during the Mexican Expedition?
the “Mexico” streamer
252
How many streamers did the Army receive for World War I?
13
253
What streamers did the Army receive for World War I?
Aisne, Aisne-Marne, Cambrai, Champagne-Marne, Lys, Meuse-Argonne, Montdidier-Noyon, Oise-Aisne, Somme Defensive, Somme Offensive, St. Mihiel, Vittoria Veneto, Ypres-Lys
254
When did the U.S mass the Largest Army in it’s History?
During World War II
255
How many Divisions did the Army have during World War II?
89
256
How many streamers did the Army receive for World War II?
38
257
What were the streamers the Army received for World War II
Air Offensive-Europe, Air Offensive-Japan, Aleutian Islands, Algeria-French Morocco, Antisubmarine, Anzio, Ardennes-Alsace, Bismarck Archipelago, Burma, Central Burma, Central Europe, Central Pacific, Naples-Foggia Air and Ground, China Defensive, China Offensive, East Indies, Eastern Mandates, Egypt-Libya, Guadalcanal, India-Burma, Leyte, Luzon, New Guinea, Normandy, Northern Apennines, Northern France, Northern Solomons, Papua, Philippine Islands, Po Valley, Rhineland, Rome-Arno, Ryukyus, Sicily, Southern France, Southern Philippines, Tunisia, Western Pacific
258
How many streamers did the Army receive for the Korean War?
10
259
What streamers did the Army receive for the Korean War?
CCF Intervention, First UN Counteroffensive, UN Summer-Fall Offensive, Korea Summer-Fall 1952, UN Offensive, CCF Spring Offensive, Second Korean Winter, UN Defensive, Third Korean Winter, Korea Summer 1953 (CCF=Communist Chinese Forces & UN=United Nations)
260
How many streamers did the Army receive for the Vietnam War?
17
261
What were the streamers the Army received for the Vietnam War?
Tet Counteroffensive, Counteroffensive Phase II, Counteroffensive Phase IV, Tet 69 Counteroffensive, Sanctuary Counteroffensive, Counteroffensive Phase VII, Counteroffensive Phase III, Counteroffensive Phase V, Counteroffensive VI, Summer-Fall 1969, Advisory, Counteroffensive, Consolidation I, Consolidation II, Defense, Cease Fire, Winter-Spring-1970
262
How many Post-War streamers did the Army receive?
3
263
What were the Post-War streamers the Army received?
Dominican Republic, Grenada, Panama
264
How many streamers did the Army receive for the Gulf War?
3
265
What streamers did the Army receive for the Gulf War?
Cease-Fire, Defense of Saudi Arabia, Liberation and Defense of Kuwait
266
How many streamers did the Army receive for the Kosovo Campaign?
2
267
What streamers did they Army receive for the Kosovo Campaign?
Kosovo Air Campaign, Kosovo Defense Campaign
268
How many streamers has the Army received during the War on Terrorism?
8
269
What are the streamers the Army has received for the War on Terrorism?
Consolidation I, Global War on Terrorism, Iraqi Governance, Iraqi Surge, Liberation of Afghanistan, Liberation of Iraq, National Resolution, Transition of Iraq
