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Mod 4 > Adolesecence > Flashcards

Adolesecence Flashcards

1
Q

Goals of guidelines

A

deter from participating in behaviors that jeopardize health, detect physical, emotional and behavioral problems early and intervence promptly. reinforce and encourage behaviors that promote healthful living, provide immunization against infectious disease.

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2
Q

11-21 have

A

annual routine health visits

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3
Q

Physical examination includes

A

complete physical exam: vital signs, Skin, spine, Breast, Genitalia,

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4
Q

motivational interviewing

A

effective for tobacco use, substance use, control of T1DM, consling style that guids patients toward behavior change by helping resovle ambivalance

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5
Q

1st step of MI

A

assess readiness for change, 0-10 how important is change, what can make this number higher

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6
Q

what to avoid in MI

A

asking why it not important as this puts patient in position to become defensive

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7
Q

Other components of MI

A

roll with resistance and righting reflex, provider must focus on the patients own individual goals and reflect on patients challenges

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8
Q

Guiding principles of MI

A

express empathy, meet the patient where they are in the process,
LISTEN REFLECTIVELY, AVOID CONFRONTATIONS, ROLL WITH RESISTANCE

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9
Q

Process of MI

A

seeks to progress through stages of changes- precontemplative, contemplative, preparation, action

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10
Q

Situations of medial/psychiatric instability

A

MI is NOT an option

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11
Q

Puberty

A

activation of hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in late childhood- before puberty pituitary-gonadal hormone is low

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12
Q

50% of pubertal timing

A

genetics/ethnicity

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13
Q

Onset of puberty

A

inhibition of gonadotropin-releasing hormone is hypothalamus is removed- pulsatile production/release of gonadotropins, LH FSH

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14
Q

Early to middle adolescence

A

pulse frequency and amplitude of LH/FSH secretion increase- stimulates gonads to produce estrogen/testosterone

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15
Q

Female

A

FSH- Ovarian maturation, granulosa cell function & estradiol secretions. LH: ovulation, corpus luteum formation and progesterone secretion; estradiol levels progressively increase- maturation of female genital tract and breast development.

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16
Q

Males

A

LH- interstitial cells of testes- testosterone; FSH- production of spermatocytes; testes produce inhibin- during puberty, testosterone levels increase more than 20-fold- correlates with physical stages of puberty and degrees of skeletal maturation

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17
Q

Teens weight

A

almost doubles in adolescences

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18
Q

Height

A

increases by 15-20%

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19
Q

Major organs

A

double in size expect lymphoid tissue

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20
Q

Pubertal growth spurt

A

begins 2 years earlier in girls than boys and last 2-4 yrs, continues longer than boys

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21
Q

Peak height for girls

A

11.5-12 yr

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22
Q

Peaks hight for boys

A

between 13.5-14yr, muscle mass double bwt 10-17yr

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23
Q

83-89 if ultimate height attained by

A

11yr- girl and 12 yr- boy

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24
Q

sexual orientation

A

awareness of gender identity happens in early childhood, by age 3yr children identify themselves as boy or girl, by age 4 gender is stable.

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25
Q

Early adolescence- 10-13yr

A

rapid growth and development of secondary sex characteristics, body image, self concept, self esteems fluctuate, generally feel more comfortable with members of the same sex, peer relationships are increasingly more important, think concretely, cannot easily conceptualize future, vague and unrealistic professional goals.

26
Q

Middle adolescence- 14-16yr

A

rapid pubertal development subsides, teens are more comfortable with their new bodies, intense emotions and wide mood swings are typical. formal operations and abstract thinking, new sense of omnipotence, and belief world can be changed by merely thinking about it, sexually active teens, think they don’t need protection, self centered. relationships with peers and others are narcissistic, experimenting with new images is common, begin dating and experimenting with sex, peers determine standard for identification

27
Q

Late Adolescence- 17 and older

A

less self centered, more caring of others, social relationships shift from peer group to individual. dating is more intimate, abstract thinking allow more realistic thinking about plans for the future, period of idealism, more rigid concepts of right and wrong.

28
Q

early cognitive development

A

growing capacity for abstract thought, interested in present, limited thought to future, intellectual interest expand, deeper moral thinking,

29
Q

early social emotional development

A

struggle with sense of identity, worries about being normal, feels awkward about self and body, realize parents aren’t perfect, increased conflicts with patents, desire independence, tendency to return to childish behavior especially when stressed, moodiness, rule and limit resting, greater interest in privacy

30
Q

middle adolescence cognitive development

A

cont growth of capacity for abstract thought, greater capacity for setting goals, interest in moral reasoning, thinking about the meaning of life

31
Q

middle adolescence social emotional development

A

intense self involvement, con adjustment to changing bodies and worries about being normal, distance from patents, drive for independence, peers gain importance, feeling of love and passion

32
Q

late adolescence cognitive development

A

ability to think idea through, ability to delay gratification, examination of inner experience, increased concern for future, cont interest in moral reasoning

33
Q

late adolescence social-emotional development

A

firmer sense of identity, increased emotional stability, increased concern for others, increased independence and self reliance, peer relationships remain important, development of more serious relationships.

34
Q

Chronological age

A

bad predictor of physiologic/psychosocial development-

35
Q

skeletal maturation

A

correlates well with growth and pubertal development

36
Q

Menarche

A

average age 12.53 years, may be delayed until 16 or as early as 10

37
Q

1st measurable sign of puberty- girls

A

beginning of height spurt, 1st conspicuous sign- breast buds bwt 8-11 yr, spurt ends by 14 yr, height spurt correlates with breast development stages vs pubic hair stage

38
Q

1st measurable sign of puberty in boys

A

scrotal and testicular growth, public hair 10-15 yr, 1st ejaculation- 1 year after initiation of testicular growth, height spurt by age 11, development not completed untill age 18,

39
Q

Gynecomastia

A

common in younger teen makes and disappears within 2 years

40
Q

normal menstration

A

11-14 yrs, normal menstrual cycle 21-45 days and lasting 7 days

41
Q

Breast stage 1

A

no breast development

42
Q

breast stage 2

A

breast budding, some palpable breast tissue under nipple and areola is somewhat enlarged

43
Q

breast stage 3

A

breast is more distinct, no separation btw contours of two breast

44
Q

breast stage 4

A

breast is further enlarged and greater contour distinction, nipple including the areola forms a secondary mound on breast

45
Q

breast stage 5

A

size may vary in mature stage, breast is fully developed, contours distinct, areola has receded into general contour of breast

46
Q

Pubic hair stage 1

A

no pubic hair

47
Q

pubic hair stage 2

A

small amount of long pubic hair

48
Q

pubic hair stage 3

A

hair is darker, coarser, curlier and spreads sparsely over

49
Q

pubic hair stage 4

A

hair is not adult in type, the area covered is smaller than most adults, no pubic hair on the inside of thighs

50
Q

pubic hair stage 5

A

inverted triangle

51
Q

Penis and scrotum stage 1

A

infantile state that persists from birth until puberty begins, during this time the genitalia increase slightly in overall size but theres little change in general appearance

52
Q

Penis and scrotum stage 2

A

the scrotum beings to enlarge and there is some reddening and change in texture of the scrotal skin

53
Q

Penis and scrotum stage 3

A

penis has increased length, there is a smaller increase in breadth, there has been further growth of the scrotum

54
Q

Penis and scrotum stage 4

A

the length and breadth of the penis have increased further and the glans have developed. the scrotum is further enlarged and the scrotal skin as become darker

55
Q

Penis and scrotum stage 5

A

the genitalia are adult in size and shape,.

56
Q

Male Pubic Hair stage 1

A

there is no true pubic hair,

57
Q

Male Pubic Hair stage 2

A

sparse growth of lightly pigmented hair, usually straight and only slightly curly and usually begins at either side of base of penis

58
Q

Male Pubic Hair stage 3

A

hair spreads over pubic symphysis and is considerably darker and course more curly

59
Q

Male Pubic Hair stage 4

A

hair is now adult in character cover an areas considerably smaller than most adults. there is no spread to medial surface of thighs

60
Q

Male Pubic Hair stage 5

A

hair is distributed in inverse triangle, spread to top of medical thigh but not above the base of the triangle

Mod 4 (4 decks)

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