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developemental quiz 7: adolescence > adolescence > Flashcards

adolescence Flashcards

1
Q

what years are adolescence

A

11-18 years

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2
Q

what years are young adulthood

A

18-22/25 years

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3
Q

what stage of eric erikson’s therapy is adolescence

A

identity vs confusion

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4
Q

what is the adolescent decade viewed as

A

transition period between childhood and adulthood

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5
Q

what does the adolescent period begin with

A

sexual maturity

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6
Q

what does the adolescent period end with

A

cessation of growth

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7
Q

adolescent involved both

A

physical and psychological developemtn

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8
Q

T/F: in adolescent a person reaches physical and sexual maturity ?

A

true

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9
Q

during the adolescent period one grows more …. and search’s for…

A

self consciousness and identity

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10
Q

what is marked by rapid physical growth and development of secondary sex characteristics

A

pre - adolescence

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11
Q

pre adolescence in females are what years

A

8-10 years

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12
Q

pre adolescence for males are what years

A

9-11 years

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13
Q

puberty occurs due to

A

gonadal hormone changes

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14
Q

when does puberty end

A

with th onset of menses

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15
Q

when is the monarch eperiod for periods

A

12-13

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16
Q

what is the onset of menses for males

A

production of sperm

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17
Q

what are the 4 major changes in puberty

A

development of primary sex characteristics
develop secondary sex characteristics
rapid physical growth - spurt in height and weight
changes in body proportions

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18
Q

T/F: are you suppose to consider all of the puberty changes as a pt during an evalutatuoin or designing a treatment plan

A

yes

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19
Q

what are the primary sex characteristics

A

testes and orvaries

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20
Q

what is the secondary sex characteristics

A

physical appearances

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21
Q

what hormone is related to sex characteristics

A

Gonadotropin- releasing hormone

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22
Q

Genetics
• Stress
• Socioeconomic status
• Environmental toxins
• Nutrition and diet, exercise
• Amount of fat and body weight
• Chronic illness

are all factors affecting what

A

timing of puberty

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23
Q

in female athletes there menarch is

A

delayed

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24
Q

do female athletes have menstrual irregularities?

A

yes

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25
Q

in female athletes what occurs after menarche

A

first ovulatory cycle

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26
Q

what is the establishment of cyclic ocarina function in female altheles

A

pubertal maturation

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27
Q

in female athletes the establishment of successive ovulatory cycles does not occurs for

A

months to years after menarche

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28
Q

which period has the second most rapid growth behind the prenatal period

A

puberty

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29
Q

growth spurt begins with ….

A

feet to legs to trunk

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30
Q

in puberty the height for boys is

A

4-12 inches

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31
Q

during puberty the growth part for girls is

A

2-8 inches

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32
Q

during puberty how much weight do grisl and boys gain?

A

15-65 lbs

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33
Q

during adolescence when do girls stop growing

A

16-17 years

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34
Q

by the age of 17 girls reach

A

98% of final height

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35
Q

when do boys reach their final height

A

18 years old

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36
Q

boys continue to grown in height until when

A

18-20

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37
Q

BMI: underweight

A

< 18.5

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38
Q

BMI: healthy weight

A

18.8-24.9

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39
Q

BMI: overweight

A

25-29.0

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40
Q

BMI: obese

A

> 30

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41
Q

during puberty what reaches adult size first

A

the nose

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42
Q

what reaches adult side before the arms and legs

A

hands and feet

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43
Q

during puberty the LE becomes longer than the

A

trunk

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44
Q

during puberty the bones often

A

grow faster than muscles

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45
Q

since the bones grown faster than muscles during puberty this leads to

A

motor awkwardness

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46
Q

what does growth do as we approach later adolescence

A

slows down

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47
Q

are body porportion similar to those of adults during late adolescence?

A

yes

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48
Q

when does bone growth stop for grisl

A

18

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49
Q

when do bone growth stop for men

A

21

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50
Q

during later adolescence there is an improvement in

A

coordination

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51
Q

when is skeletal maturity attained

A

when the epipphyseal plates are closed

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52
Q

when does epiphyseal closure being

A

childhood

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53
Q

when do cranial bones fuse

A

2 YEARS OLD f

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54
Q

fusion of the vertebral arches of the vertebral arches is typically fuses in the

A

1st year of life

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55
Q

when are vertebral arches fused together in the lumbar spine

A

by 6 years

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56
Q

when is episphyseal closure typically complete by

A

age 25

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57
Q

what can a fx across a growth plate lead to

A

asymmetrical growth of that joint

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58
Q

what is a contraindicated over e piphysealareasin children**

A

the use of ultrasound

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59
Q

when does the closure of growth plates of long bones close

A

18-20 years

60
Q

when do females stop growing

A

13-15

61
Q

when do boys stop growing

A

15-17

62
Q

is bone immature thru much of adolescence?

A

yes

63
Q

in the bone there is more what with thick periosteum

A

porous

64
Q

during adolescence there is unstable

A

growth plates (physes)

65
Q

to indicate the maturation of bones what do you do

A

compare ossification amount on x-ray with standards

66
Q

what increase during adolescence (muscular system(

A

muscle size, strength, and endurance

67
Q

what increase first as the body grows (muscular system)

A

muscle mass

68
Q

when is adults muscle diameter reached

A

in early teens (12-15)

69
Q

what is the increase of strength directly related to

A

increase in muscle mass during growth

70
Q

strength increase …. with age from childhood through adolescence (6-18)

A

linearly

71
Q

girls strength level off after age

A

15

72
Q

there is an acceleration of strength in boys between what ages

A

13-20

73
Q

what doe the muscles have to do as the skeletal system grows

A

muscles have to length to have appropriate length to tension relationship

74
Q

what is the pulse rate at rest for adolescents

A

60-90 bpm

75
Q

what is the respiratory rate at rest for adolescents

A

16-24 breathes per mine

76
Q

at rest there in an increase in size of

A

heart and volume of lungs

77
Q

at rest what is there an increase in of lungs for adolescents

A

weight and volume

78
Q

during acute exercises for adolescents what is the effect of HR

A

higher during submax and max exercise

79
Q

during acute exercise there is a higher or lower stoke volume for adolescents

A

lower

80
Q

during acute exercises there is a …. cardiac output in chillern and teens

A

higher

81
Q

what is cardiac output

A

(HR x SV= CO)

82
Q

during acute exercises what is the effect of BP for adolescents

A

lower at rest
slop of systolic rise is less dramatic with excercsie

83
Q

during adolescence there is a what area to body mass ratio

A

greater surface

84
Q

during adolescence , there is more production of what ( temp regulation)

A

metabolic heat/mass unit during physical activities

85
Q

there is a lower sweating capacity due to what

A

fewer sweat glands

86
Q

at high temps there is a risk of

A

heat related injuries

87
Q

at low temps there is a risk for

A

increased heat loss

88
Q

what is the frequency of exercise for adolescents

A

3-5 times per week

89
Q

the intensity of exercise for an adolescent should be

A

50-85 % of vo2 MAX

90
Q

what is the intensity of exercise for a reconditioned individual

A

40-50%

91
Q

what is the borg scale used for

A

perceived exertion

92
Q

what is the time period of exercise for adolescents

A

30-60 mins
if less than 30 then increase the frequency

93
Q

what type of exercise should an adolescent do

A

play , games, sports , chores , fun things

94
Q

All of these changes occurring in adolescence will hopefully result in a stronger person with increased

A

endurance and skill.

95
Q

during adolescence , people become …. in their attitudes and interaction

A

negative

96
Q

what is need for privacy, resent supervision and directions, struggle for independence, wish to be free from restrictions and parental control

A

social antagonism

97
Q

what does growth spurt change

A

self esteem and peer group status

98
Q

growth spurt causes a grow in

A

self consciousness

99
Q

during adolescence people develop their own

A

self concepts and have emotional issues

100
Q

who is Most self-centered, seen from their point of view

A

young teens (13-14)

101
Q

young teens tend to value what

A

peers opinions

102
Q

who isBetter at compromising, more tolerant of others’ views

A

middle teens (15-16)

103
Q

middle teens think more

A

independently and are more decisions on their own

104
Q

who is Risk-taking behaviors, with a focus on the present and denial of consequence

A

middle teens 15-16 years

105
Q

when does dating begin

A

middle teens , 15-16

106
Q

what age developers a sense of seriousness

A

late teens (17-18)

107
Q

when does late teens end

A

when they take on adult work roles, marry, or become parents

108
Q

what ages are increasingly capable of thinking hypothetically, applying formal logic, and using abstract concepts

A

11-14

109
Q

smalle gains in self esteem have been documented during the

A

second decade of life

110
Q

when is there the inital decline in self esteem

A

early adolescence , common amount girls

111
Q

what is low self esteem associated with

A

depression, suicidal behavior,
delinquent behavior, and drug use

112
Q

Self-esteem affected by personal judgment of:

A

Physical attractiveness, particularly among girls
• Acceptance by peers
• Academic competence
• Athletic ability and conduct

113
Q

Perceived support from parents and peers is associated with

A

adolescent self-esteem

114
Q

signs and symptoms of depression

A

sad, tired, withdrawn, think negative a

115
Q

there has been 5000 suidces in young people what age

A

15-24

116
Q

what is the 3rd leading cause of death in youths and young adults

A

suicide

117
Q

what causes sucicide

A

problems with family, school, high expectations, relationship break-ups, substance abuse, poor choices

118
Q

depression is masked by

A

by anxiety, eating disorders, substance abuse, hyperactivity

119
Q

Bulimia,Anorexia,Obesity are all examples of

A

eating disorders

120
Q

what are examples of destructive behaviors in adolescence

A

disordered eating
self injuries behavior
substance abuse

121
Q

puberty is accompanied by increase

A

sexual arousal

122
Q

by the end of high school what % have had sexual intercourse

A

48%

123
Q

wha type of children are at greater risk fro sexual abus

A

kids with special needs

124
Q

what is it called when someone is taking precautions and reduce the chance of sexually transmitted diseases or pregnancy

A

safe sex

125
Q

what % of people use condos

A

57

126
Q

what improves when adolescents play a lot of sports

A

neuromuscular control

127
Q

there is a rapid growth and changes in the body porportion of adolescence which leads to

A

decreased coordination

128
Q

increasing training volume can lead to

A

risk of injury

129
Q

what can lead to increased risk for injury

A

sport specialization
rapid growth
increased training volume

130
Q

what is Insufficient caloric intake and/or excessive energy expenditure leading to inadequate energy to support the body’s physiological functions

A

relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S)

131
Q

what is RED-S common in

A

adolescent athletes

132
Q

what pt implications do RED-s cause

A

decreased muscular strength and endurance
chronic fatigue

133
Q

RED-s cause bone loss which is increased risk for

A

stress fractured

134
Q

RED-s also causes

A

psychological stress, depression and anxiety

135
Q

RED_s was formerly known as the

A

female athlete triad

136
Q

RED-S includes

A

female and male athletes

137
Q

what resists anterior translation of the tibia

A

anterior crucial ligament

138
Q

when does an ACL injury typically occur

A

with rapid change in direction or during non contact situations (landing or twisting)

139
Q

ACL injury is most common in

A

female athletes

140
Q

in pediatric patients , ACL injury can commonly occurs with a fx where

A

fx in the growth plate

141
Q

ACL injury can lead to increased risk of

A

OA later in life

142
Q

early stage of rehab for ACL injury is

A

ROM and mobility

143
Q

Rehab for ACL injury includes gradually progressing to what after early stage

A

strengthening, endurance, and neuromuscular training

144
Q

what muscles does rehab work on strengthening for ACL

A

hamstring and glutes

145
Q

ACL rehab in the later stage is focused on

A

sports specific activities

developemental quiz 7: adolescence (1 decks)

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