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Adolescence > Adolescence > Flashcards

Adolescence Flashcards

1
Q

first visible sign of puberty in males and hallmark of SMR 2

A

testicular enlargement 9.5yrs

followed by development of pubic hair

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2
Q

first visible sign of puberty in females and hallmark of SMR 2

A

appearance of breast buds (thelarche)

between 7 and 12 years of age

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3
Q

early adolescence

A

10-13 years old

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4
Q

middle adolescence

A

14-17 years old

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5
Q

late adolescence

A

18-21 years old

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6
Q

females attain peak height velocity of

A

8-9cm/yr at SMR 2-3 approximately 6 months before menarche

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7
Q

males attain peak height velocity of

A

9-10cm/yr later in course of puberty (SMR 3-4)

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8
Q

concrete operations
egocentric
follow rules and avoid punishment

A

early adolescence

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9
Q

preoccupied with changing body

self-conscious about appearance and attractiveness

A

early adolescence

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10
Q

same sex peer relations

A

early adolescence

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11
Q

emergence of abstract thought

A

middle adolescence

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12
Q

increasing introspection

A

middle adolescence

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13
Q

conflicts over control and independence
struggle for greater autonomy
increased separation from parents

A

middle adolescence

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14
Q

intense peer involvement

A

middle adolescence

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15
Q

exploration of sexual identity

A

middle adolescence

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16
Q

Idealism

improved impulse control

A

late adolescence

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17
Q

more stable body image

A

late adolescence

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18
Q

increased autonomy

A

late adolescence

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19
Q

peer group and values recede importance

A

late adolescence

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20
Q

consolidation of sexual identity

A

late adolescence

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21
Q 
SMR STAGE (female)
sparse, lightly pigmented straight pubic hair
A

SMR 2

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22
Q

breast papilla elevated as small mound

A

SMR 2

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23
Q

coarse, curly, abundant pubic hair

A

SMR 4

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24
Q

secondary mound

A

SMR 4

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25
Q

in males: coarse curly pubic hair

A

SMR 4

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26
Q

enlarged scrotum

A

SMR 2

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27
Q

larger, dark scrotum

A

SMR 4

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28
Q

increased sexual awareness and interest

A

early adolescents

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29
Q

refers to a person’s sense of being a boy/girl, girl/woman, other gender

A

Gender identity

30
Q

refers to one’s role in society typically male or female

A

gender role

31
Q

characteristics in personality, appearance and behavior that are in a given culture and time considered masculine or feminine

A

gender expression or social sex role

32
Q

referes to attractions, behaviors, fantasies and emotional attachements toward men, women or both

A

Sexual orientation

33
Q

develops early in life and typically fixed by 2-3 years old

A

gender identity

34
Q

clinically significant distress of impairment in school/occupational or other important areas of functioning associated with incongruence between one’s experienced/expressed gender and assigned gender for atleast 6 months

A

Gender dysphoria

35
Q

gender-affirming care includes

A

alleviate gender dysphoria
psychological evaluation and supportive therapy
puberty, suppression, feminizing or masculinizing hormone therapy
surgery

36
Q

benign genital HPV infection is caused by

A

HPV types 6 and 11

37
Q

HPV infection that can cause cervical cancer

A

HPV 16 and 18

38
Q

repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules

A

Conduct behavior

ex: physical fighting, deceitfulness, stealing, destruction of property, threatening or causing physical harm to people or animals, driving without license, prostitution, rape

39
Q

what is used to assess an adolescents’ risk of violence

A

FISTS

Fighting
Injuries
Sex
Threats
Self-defense
40
Q

used to screen for adolescents’ substance use

A

CRAFFT

41
Q

common signs of anticholinergic syndromes

A 
delirium with mumbling speech
tachycardia
dry, flushed skin, dilated pupils
myoclonus
slightly elevated temperature
urinary retention
decreased bowel sounds
seizures and dysrrhythmias in severe cases

common causes: antihistamines, atropine, amantadine, antidepressants, antispasmodic, mydriatic agents

42
Q

common signs of sympathomimetic syndromes

A

delusions, paranoia, tachycardia, hypertension, hyperpyrexia, diaphoresis, mydriasis

Common causes: cocaine, amphetamine, metamphetamine, marijuana, OTC anticongestants

43
Q

common signs of opiate, sedative, or ethanol intoxication

A 
coma
respiratory depression
miosis
hypotension
bradycardia
hypothermia, pulmonary edema

common causes:narcotics, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, ethanol, clonidine

44
Q

common signs of cholinergic syndrome

A 
confusion
cns depression
weakness
salivation
lacrimation
urinary and fecal incontinence
GI cramping
emesis
diaphoresis
muscle fasciculations
pulmonary edema

common causes: organophosphate and carbamazepine insecticides, physostigmine, edrophonium and some mushrooms

45
Q

what is the CRAFFT mnemonic tool?

A 
Car
Relax - to feel better
Alone 
Forget things you did while on alcohol?
Friends telling you should cut down 
Trouble
46
Q

what are the clinical manifestations of alcohol?

A

CNS depressant
produces euphoria, grogginess, talkativeness, impaired short-term memory
increased pain threshold

47
Q

how do we screen patients for alcohol?

A

CRAFFT or AUDIT

score >/= 8 identifies people who drink excessively

48
Q

lethal dose of alcohol

A

> 500mg/dl

49
Q

effects of nicotine

A

stimulates adrenal glands to release epinephrine causing immediate elevation of BP, RR and HR

50
Q

most commonly abused illicit drug

A

Marijuana

51
Q

what are the effects of halucinogen LSD?

A

3 categories: somatic, perceptual and psychic

somatic: dizziness, dilated pupils, nausea, flushing, elevated temperature and tachycardia
“seeing”, smells; “hearing” colors

52
Q

what is the other name of MDMA?

A

“X”, ecstacy”
interact with serotonin levels

manifestations: euphoria
less likely to produce emotional lability, depersonalization and disturbances by thought

53
Q

clinical manifestations of cocaine use?

A

strong CNS stimulant that increases dopamine levels by preventing reuptake

sympathomimetic effects: pupillary dilation, tachycardia, hypertension and hyperthermia

54
Q

also known as the “ice”

A

metamphetamine: nervous stimulant

small amount: inc physical activity, rapid/irregular heart rate, inc BP and dec appetite
high dose: slowing of cardiac conduction, hypertensive and hyperpyretic

tx: Haloperidol for agitation and delusional behaviors

55
Q

Correlates more closely with chronologic age than pubertal maturation

A

Cognitive development

56
Q

Self perceived identification distilled from any or all aspects of sexuality

A

Sexual identity

57
Q

Most prevalent viral STI

A

HSV2

58
Q

Painless ulcer with well demarcated indurated borders and a clean base

A

Syphilis; primary

59
Q

Hallmark of adolescent development

A

Separation from parents

60
Q

Most popular drug among teens

A

Alcohol

61
Q

Hallmark of adolescent development

A

Separation from parents

62
Q

Most popular drug among teens

A

Alcohol

63
Q

Hallmark of adolescent development

A

Separation from parents

64
Q

Most popular drug among teens

A

Alcohol

65
Q

Good estimate of predicted final adult height

A

Midparental height

66
Q

Index of physiological maturation

A

Bone age

67
Q

Ejaculation occurs at

A

SMR 3

68
Q

Breast and areola enlarged; no contour separation

A

SMR 3

69
Q

Sparse lightly pigmented pubic hair,straight, medial border of labia

A

SMR 2

70
Q

Sequence of pubertal events in boys

A

Testicular enlargement —> adrenarch —> continued testicular and penile enlargement —> peak height velocity with peak eeight velocity

71
Q

Sequence of pubertal events in girls

A

Thelarche —> adrenarche —> peak height velocity —> continued breast and hair development —> menarche —> completion of puberty

72
Q

Menarche achieved by 90% of girls during

A

SMR breast 4

Adolescence (1 decks)

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