ADN Y ARN Flashcards
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What is the primary function of DNA?
To store and transmit genetic information.
True or False: RNA is double-stranded.
False
What are the building blocks of DNA?
Nucleotides
Fill in the blank: The sugar in DNA is _____ sugar.
deoxyribose
What are the four nitrogenous bases found in DNA?
Adenine, Thymine, Cytosine, Guanine
Which nitrogenous base is found in RNA but not in DNA?
Uracil
What is the shape of a DNA molecule?
Double helix
What is the role of RNA in protein synthesis?
To act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA.
True or False: DNA can be found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
False
What type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosome?
Transfer RNA (tRNA)
What is the process of copying DNA into RNA called?
Transcription
Which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing RNA from a DNA template?
RNA polymerase
What is the main difference between DNA and RNA?
DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA contains ribose sugar.
Fill in the blank: The process of translating mRNA into a protein is called _____ .
Translation
What are the three types of RNA?
mRNA, tRNA, rRNA
True or False: DNA replication occurs in the nucleus.
True
What is the complementary base pair for Adenine in DNA?
Thymine
What is the function of ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?
To form the core of the ribosome’s structure and catalyze protein synthesis.
Which nitrogenous base pairs with Cytosine in DNA?
Guanine
What does mRNA stand for?
Messenger Ribonucleic Acid
What is a codon?
A sequence of three nucleotides in mRNA that specifies an amino acid.
Fill in the blank: The process by which DNA makes a copy of itself is called _____ .
Replication
What is the role of the promoter in transcription?
It is a DNA sequence that initiates the transcription of a particular gene.
True or False: RNA can be involved in the regulation of gene expression.
True
What is the function of spliceosomes in RNA processing?
To remove introns and splice together exons.
