ADN Flashcards

1
Q

Acizii nucleici si tipurile lor.

A

Acizii nucleici sunt substante chimice macromoleculare, formate din nucleotide
Acizii nulceici sunt: ADN si ARN.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Componentele nucleotidei?

A

baza azotata, un zahar, un radical fosfat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Care sunt bazele azotate ?

A

Baze purinice: adenina si guanina
Baze pirimidinice: Citozina si timina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Prin ce este reprezentata pentoza in ADN si ARN?

A

Prin dizoxiriboza in ADN si riboza in ARN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cum devina o nucleosida o nucleotida

A

O nucleosida devine o nucleotida atunci cand ii adaugam o grupare fosfat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cum se formeaza o nucleotida?

A

Prin combinarea unei baze azotate purimice sau pirimidinice cu o pentoza

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Ce este o nucleotida?

A

Este o unitate de baza a acizilor nucleici care prin inlantuire se obtin polinucleotide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Ce fel de legaturi formeaza radicalul fosfat cu pentozele ?

A

legaturi esterice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Ce este ADN -ul ?

A

O substanta macromoleculara bicatenara, alcatuita din: doua catene si polinucleotide rasucite holicoidal in jurul unui ax comun

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Structurile macromolecului de ADN sunt:

A

Primara: secventa de nucleotide dintr-o catena
Secundara: structura bicatenara sub forma de dublu helix a ADN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cele doua catene antiparalele ale ADN -ului sunt:

A

O catena cu orientarea 3-5 si 5-3
O nucleotida care contine o baza azotata purimica, care se leaga de o nucleotida care contine o baza azotata pirimidinica si invers.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cate tipuri de legaturi exista in macromolecula de ADN?

A

4, A-T, T-A si C-G, G-C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Sinteza ADN -ului?

A

Replicatie dupa modelul semiconservativ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Ce prezina fiecare molecula de ADN nou formata?

A

O catena din molecula parentala, iar dublarea cantitatii de ADN se realizeaza in interfaza cilului celulelor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Ce se intampla sub actiunea enzimei ADN helicaza?

A

Apar doua catene ADN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Ce se intampla cu nucleotidele libere din citoplasma?

A

Se asociaza succesiv pe baza de complementaritate la cele doua monocatene, sub actiunea enzimei ADN polimeraza

17
Q

Ce se formeaza intre doua nucleotide succesive?

A

Legaturi covalente, prin intermediul gruparii fosfat, de unde rezulta o catena polinucletidica noua, formata sub actiunea enzimei ADN ligaze

18
Q
A