Administering Medication Flashcards
Enteral administration of drugs
Involving gastrointestinal tract
Parental administration of drugs
Not involving the gastrointestinal tract
Iv - intravenous
Immediate effect
Im- intramuscular
Rapid effect
Sc- Subcontiuous
Moderate
Po-
Slow
Injection sites dogs and cat (IV)
Jugular
Cecphalic
Saphenous
Injection site dog and cat IM
Lumber
Quadriceps
Cervical region
Subcutaneous injection site dog and cat
Between shoulder blades
Iv injections (cephalic vain)
Placed in a IV cannula
Injection site horse Iv
Jugular
Injection site horse IM
Gluteals
Cervical
Pectoral
Injections sites small animals Iv
Ferret - jugular , cephalic
Rabbit - marginal vein , cephalic
Guinea pig - cephalic
Mice/rats- lateral tail vein
Injection site small animal IM
Quadriceps
Injection sites exotics - SC
Birds - axillary region
Snake - Crainial 1/3 lateral
Tortoise - crainial to fore/hind limbs
Injection sites exotics IM
Birds- pectoral
Snake - cranial of body 1/3
Lizard - proximal forelimb
Tortoise - proximal forelimb
Injection site exotics Iv
Birds - jugular , brachial
Snakes and lizards - ventral tail vein
Tortoise - jugular or dorsal tail vein
Topical medications routes
Eyes, ears, skin and larynx
Why give rectal medication
A seizuring patient - may not be safe to access paitents mouth
Giving a laxative- have immediate effect
What is Pharmacokinetics
Movement for drugs - what body does to Drugs
What is pharmacodynamics?
Action of drugs - what they do to body
What is bioavailability
The amount of drugs that reaches location intact and effective
Stages of pharmacokinetics
Absorption , distribution, metabolism, elimination
What is name of vein that transports drug molecules from small intestine to liver?
Hepatic portal vein
What are drug molecules recognised as in liver
Toxins
What does liver do to some drug molecules
Break them down or metabolises
Where do remaining drugs go when leave liver
Systematic circulation
What happens to bioavailability when take drug orally
Bioavailability lowers
What is name of protine responsible for protine binding?
Albium
Are protone bound molecules active or inactive
Inactive
How do free molecules enter target tissue
Diffusion
How 3 way equilibrium created?
concentration of drug molecules in target tissue is equal to protine bound and active drug molecules in systematic circulation
What type of drug molecules are able to cross blood brain barrier?
Lypidphilyc
Which organ is responsible for drug metabolism
Liver
What product of phase one of metabolism
Motabilite
Why are drug molecules adapted to be more hydrophilic
To dissolve in fluid and be eliminated via urination
6 ways drug molecules can be eliminated from body
Urine
Sweat
Bile
Exhalation
Feceas
Milk
Sylvia
How is therapeutic index calculated
Toxic does / effective dose
What is ment by term steady state
Drug is staying same level therapeutic level
administration of drug rate = to elimination rate
What’s purpose of loading dose?
Getting to therapeutic levels quickly
What is the elimination of half life?
Takes time for plasma of concentration of drug to decrease by 50%
