ADME

Question 1

Regardless the route of administration or the goal of treatment…

Answer 1

The body will continuously affect the drug from the moment it is administered to the moment it leaves the body

Question 2

Pharmacokinetics (PK)

Answer 2

Is a scientific discipline that aims to quantitatively characterize the effects of the body on the drug

Question 3

The PK behavior of any drug is controlled by?

Answer 3

The ADME process

Question 4

Absorption

Answer 4

Drug transfer from its site of administration to the circulation

Question 5

Distribution

Answer 5

Drug molecules carried by blood to site of action

Question 6

Metabolism

Answer 6

Transformation from one drug product to another

Question 7

Excretion

Answer 7

Removal of the drug product (or metabolite) from the body
- typically from the kidneys

Question 8

Local vs Systemic Drug Administration

Answer 8

• Overall goal in drug therapy is for the drug to travel, from its site of administration to its target site at desirable time frame
• In most cases, site of action is far from the site of administration and the drug must be transported b/t the two sites via the bloodstream
• Sometimes, the site of action is localized around the site of administration (local administration)

Question 9

Examples of local administration

Question 10

Drug absorption

Answer 10

• Extravascular (esp. oral) route is a common route of drug administration, which involves drug absorption
• Before the drug is absorbed through the GI walls, it should be available as molecules solubilized in the intestinal fluids
• Solid oral pharmaceutical dosage forms undergo disintegration followed by dissolution before they are available for absorption
• Liquid oral pharmaceutical dosage forms undergo dissolution before they are available for absorption