ADJ & ADV Flashcards

1
Q

Portuguese adjective agree in gender and number with the nouns they refere to

A

The default position for attributive adjective is AFTER the noun:

Um livro interessante

As forças amadas brasileiras

Other types of words, names, etc are placed after the noun when used adjectivally:
Tamanho família — family size
Promoção relâmpago — flash sale
Uma picape Toyota — a Toyota pick-up .

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2
Q

When an adjective is used not to differentiate or specify, but rather to mention an inherent quality of the noun, the adjective is placed before the noun.

A

Na longínqua China — in far away China ( there is no “nearby China”)

O restaurante serve uma deliciosa comida italiana.
The restaurant serves delicious Italian food. (All the good is delicious)

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3
Q

Certain types of adjectives always precede the noun

A
  1. Ordinal numbers and Útilmo
2. Indefinite adjectives and those of quantity. 
Cada -- each every
Qualquer --- any
Outro --- other 
Muito --- much, a lot of 
  1. Chamado – so called
    Futuro — future
    Mero — mere
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4
Q

Adjectives with different meanings according to their position

A
  1. Antigo
    Before: old / former – Meu antigo professor
    After: old-fashioned, antique – um rádio antigo (an old-fashioned radio)
  2. Bastante
    Before: quite a lot – bastante dinheiro
    After : sufficient / enough – dinheiro bastante(sufficient money)
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5
Q
  1. Bom
    Before: good (=general sense) – um bom livro – a good book
    After: good (=moral sense) – um homem bom

4 certo
Before: a certain/one – a certa altura(at a certain point)
After: right – a resposta certa (the right answer)

A
  1. Determinado
    Before: certain/particular – um determinado assunto (a certain subject)
    After: fixed/determined – um prazo determinado (a fixed period of time)

6.Diferentes(pl)
Before: different(=various) – diferentes tipos de vírus (various types of virus)
After: different (=not the same) – três tipos diferentes (three different types$

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6
Q
  1. Diversos(pl)
    Before: various – diversos países
    After: diverse/differing – opinões diversos (differing opinions)
  2. Grande
    Before: great – uma grande atriz (a great actress)
    Uma grande decepção (a great disappointment)
    After: big/large – um carro grande (a big car)
A
  1. Mau
    Before: bad (=general sense) – mau tempo (bad weather)
    After: bad/evil (=moral sense) – uma pessoa má (an evil person)
  2. Mesmo
    Before: same – no mesmo dia (on the same day)
    After: actual/very
    No dia mesmo do casamento (on the very day of the wedding)
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7
Q
  1. Novo
    Before: new (=another) – uma nova folha (a new sheet of paper)
    After: new (=Brand new) – uma bicicleta nova(a new bicycle)
  2. Pobre
    Before: poor (=pitiful) – um pobre órfão(a poor orphan)
    After: poor(=without money)–uma família pobre (a poor family)
A
  1. Próprio
    Before: own/himself/herself – minha própria casa (my own house)
    O próprio rei (the king himself)

After: of one’s own – uma casa própria(a house of one’s own)

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8
Q
  1. Próximo
    Before: next – a próxima edição (the next edition)
    After: nearby – um hospital próximo (a nearby hospital)
  2. Puro
    Before: pure (=nothing but)– pura maldade (pure evil)
    After: pure (=clean,purified) – água pura (pure water)
A
  1. Semelhante
    Before: such – com semelhante empenho (with such commitment)
    After: similar – uma situação semelhante (a similar situation)
  2. Único
    Before: only/single – uma única chance (a single chance)
    After: unique – uma chance única (a unique chance)
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9
Q
  1. Velho
    Before: old (=of long standing) um velho amigo (an old friend)
    After: old (=aged) – um carro velho (an old car)
  2. Verdadeiro
    Before: real/veritable – o verdadeiro assassino (the real murder)
    Um verdadeiro pesadelo – a veritable nightmare

After: true
Uma história verdadeiro (a true story)

A
  1. Pequeno
    Before: when it is used descriptively or it refers to inherent smallness.
    Pequenas empresas
    Eles moram num pequeno apartamento em salto.

After: when the smallness is emphasized and there is an idea of contrast with big:
Estou procurando um apartment pequeno.
I am looking for a small apartment (as opposed to a big one)

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10
Q

All adjectives that describe people can be used as nouns.
Um cego-a blind man
Uma velha-an old woman
As grávidas-pregnant women

The masculine plural can have a generic meaning corresponding to the English ‘THE’+ADJ

A

Os sem-teto: the homeless
Os ricos-the rich

A few ADJs can be used with masculine singular definite article O to mean “THE…..”
O impensável aconteceu–the unthinkable happened.

Vou fazer o possível – I’ll do what I can.

O difícil é: the difficult thing/part is …..
O importante é: the important thing is …..
Conhecer pessoas é fácil, o difícil é achar a pessoa certa.
Meeting people is easy; the difficult part is finding the right person.

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11
Q

ADJ used as ADV
A number of adjectives are used in the masculine singular form as adverbs:

  1. Adoidado: like crazy
    Dançavam adoidado. There were dancing like crazy.
  2. Alto: high, loud
    Você consegue alcançar mais alto do que eu.
    You can reach higher than i can.

Ele fala muito alto.
He talks very loudly.

A
  1. Baixo: low/quietly
    O avião voava baixo demais.
    The plane was flying too low.

É melhor falar baixo para não acordar as crianças.
You’d best keep your voice down so as not to wake the kids.

  1. Barato: cheap(ly)
    Compramos a casa barato.
    We bought the house cheap.
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12
Q

ADJ used as ADV

Caro: a lot (of money); dearly
O anel custou caro.
The ring cost a lot.

Ele vai pagar caro pelo que fez.
He’ll pay dearly for what he’s done.

A

Direito: properly
Você não limpou a pia direito.
You didn’t clean the sink properly.

Direto: direct(ly), straight, all the time
Ele foi direto ao assunto.
He went straight to the point.

Ele mata aula direto.
She’s always cutting class.

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13
Q

ADJ used as ADV

Duro: hard
Trabalhamos duro para chegar até aqui.
We work hard to get this far.

Firme: firmly/steadily
Eles namoram firme há três anos.
They have been going steady (=dating firmly) for three years.

A
Forte: heavily/hard
Chovia forte na hora do acidente. 
It was raining hard at the time of the accident. 
Ele bateu forte com a cabeça no chão. 
He hit his head hard on the ground. 

Junto: together / along (with)
Meu pai tem que ir a Nova York e minha mãe vai junto.

Rápido: fast / quickly
Não consigo andar tão rápido.
I can’t walk that fast.

Reto: straight (ahead)
Você segue reto toda a vida.
You keep going straight as far as you can go.

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