Adhesives, sealants, cements, liners, bases, and waxes

Question 1

What is sealant material?

Answer 1

BisGMA-TEGDMA system but no filler

Question 2

I sealant bonding chemical or mechanical?

Answer 2

Mostly mechanical

Question 3

What physical feature of enamel provides the majority of retention?

Answer 3

Microtags

Question 4

Why is the oxygen inhibition layer important to consider when dealing with sealants?

Answer 4

Oxygen interferes with radical polymerization, the surface of VLC materials are often uncured

Question 5

Adhesive layer has what character?

Answer 5

Has both hydrophilic and hydrophobic character

Question 6

Describe adhesive failure.

Answer 6

The adhesive fails to hold the composite to the dentin

Question 7

Describe cohesive failure.

Answer 7

The adhesive holds to the dentin and composite but the adhesive separates from itself

Question 8

Describe structural failure.

Answer 8

The dentin or composite fails

Question 9

What is a smear layer?

Answer 9

Ground collagen and HA that is adhered to a surface; this interferes with bonding

Question 10

What are the 4 traditional steps for dentin bonding?

Answer 10

Etch, prime, adhesive, and restoration

Question 11

What is the composition of typical dentin etch?

Answer 11

30% H3PO4

Question 12

What is the primer?

Answer 12

A hydrophobic monomer used to stabilize the dentin. (keeps collagen fibers from collapsing)

Question 13

Glass-ionomers can be used as what?

Answer 13

Cements and bases

Question 14

Zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) can be used as what?

Answer 14

Cement, liner, and a base

Question 15

Calcium hydroxide can be used as what?

Answer 15

Liner and a base

Question 16

What are cements used for?

Answer 16

Binding restorations of appliances to tooth structure

Question 17

What are 4 water based cements?

Answer 17

Glass-ionomers, resin modified glass-ionomers, zinc phosphate, and zinc polyacrylate

Question 18

What are two resin based cements?

Answer 18

Composites and compomers

Question 19

What is an oil based cement?

Answer 19

Zinc oxide eugenol

Question 20

What is a liner?

Answer 20

A relatively thin layer of material used to protect the dentin from residual reactants that diffuse out of the restoration or oral fluids that may penetrate leaky restoration interface

Question 21

What are three kinds of liners?

Answer 21

Solution liners, suspension liners, and cement liners

Question 22

What is the thickness of a solution liner?

Answer 22

2-5 micrometers

Question 23

What is the thickness of a suspension liner?

Answer 23

20-25 micrometers

Question 24

What is the thickness of a cement liner?

Answer 24

200-1000 micrometers

Question 25

What is indirect pulp capping?

Answer 25

When a preparation is <0.5mm to the pulp calcium hydroxide liner is applied

Question 26

What is direct pulp capping?

Answer 26

When a preparation exposes pulp a dentist would place a direct pulp cap (calcium hydroxide liner)

Question 27

Calcium hydroxide liners stimulate what biologic process?

Answer 27

Reparative dentin is stimulated by this

Question 28

How does CaOH work?

Answer 28

Releases hydroxide ions (pH>11) and when ionized in low concentration odontoblast formation is stimulated

Question 29

What are three sedative restoration materials?

Answer 29

Reinforced zinc oxide eugenol, resin modified glass ionomers (RMGI), and glass ionomers (GI)

Question 30

ZOE has what that acts as obtundant (dulls pain)?

Answer 30

Oil of clove

Question 31

Why use a liners and bases?

Answer 31

To protect the pulp and minimize post-op sensitivity; acts as thermal and chemical barrier, controls inflammation of the pulp, and controls fluid movement

Question 32

What are the advantages of glass ionomer?

Answer 32

Adheres to tooth structure, fluoride release, proven clinical record or retention (better than composite), dimensionally stable, and biocompatable

Question 33

What are the disadvantages of glass ionomer?

Answer 33

Slow setting, early dissolution, optical properties, stain resistance, and poor physical properties

Question 34

What are five properties of waxes?

Answer 34

Temporary materials, should melt at lower temperatures, be carveable, burn off, and be dimensionally stable