Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psychiatry > ADHD, ASD, ID > Flashcards

ADHD, ASD, ID Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 main symptoms ADHD is made up of

A

inattention
impulsivity
hyperactivity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

when are most cases of ADHD diagnosed

A

aged 3-7

greater prevalence in boys than girls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

outline some symptoms of ADHD that come under inattention

A 
doesn't follow instructions
easily distracted 
difficulty organising tasks 
forgets daily activities
loses items 
doesn't listen when spoken to directly
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

outline some symptoms of ADHD that come under impulsivity and hyperactivity

A 
unable to play quietly 
talks excessively 
answers too quickly 
doesn't like to wait their turn 
runs and climbs at inappropriate times
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how many clinical features of ADHD must be present for a diagnosis

A

children 16 and under - 6 present

over 17 - 5 features

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how is a diagnosis of ADHD made

A

made via history, observations at home and school - must be present in several domains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

outline the non-pharmacological management of ADHD

A

parent training
social skills training
sleep and diet changes such as prescribing melatonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

when is pharmacological management of ADHD considered

A

when non-pharmacolgical management is unable to control symptoms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the first line drug prescribed in ADHD and how does it work

A

methylphenidate - CNS stimulant that improves dopamine signalling in networks associated with executive functioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are the side effects of methylphenidate

A

headache
poor appetite
insomnia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the second line drug prescribed in ADHD and how does it work

A

atomexatine - inhibits noradrenaline reuptake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what are the side effects of atomexatine

A

nausea
dry mouth
weight loss

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what two features characterises autism spectrum disorder

A

impairment in social interaction and communication

repetitive stereotyped behaviours, interests and activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what 5 conditions come under the umbrella term of ASD

A 
aspergers syndrome 
retts syndrome 
childhood autism 
pervasive developmental disorder
pervasive developmental disorder NOS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what are some co-morbidities of ASD

A 
learning difficulties 
eating disorders
OCD
depression and anxiety 
ADHD
Gils de la Tourette
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the triad of symptoms seen in ASD

A

impaired social interaction
impaired communication
restricted interests

17
Q

what clinical features come under impaired social interaction in ASD

A

unawareness of feelings of others
impaired imitation
repetitive play that is solitary
bad at making friends

18
Q

what clinical features come under impaired communication and imagination in ASD

A

few facial expressions in infancy
no smiling when approaching people
no interest in stories and pretend play
difficulty initiating and maintaining conversation

19
Q

what clinical features come under restricted interest and activities in ASD

A

stereotyped movements such as hand flicking
preoccupation with objects
distress over trivial things
narrow fixations such as lining up objects

20
Q

how is a diagnosis of ASD made

A

made after symptoms have been present for 6 months

combination of screening questions and semi-structured interviews

21
Q

outline the management of ASD

A

self and family psychoeducation
speech and language therapy and social skills training
school interventions
no medications treat core symptoms but risperidone for aggression or SSRIs for anxiety and depression

22
Q

what is an intellectual disability

A

below average intellectual functioning which began in developmental period

23
Q

what is the IQ of mild ID

A

50-69

24
Q

what is the IQ of moderate ID

A

35-49

25
Q

what is the IQ of severe ID

A

20-34

26
Q

what is the IQ of profound ID

A

<20

27
Q

what are some of the genetic causes of ID

A 
Down's syndrome 
sex chromosome abnormalities 
Patau's syndrome 
Edward's syndrome 
Cri du chat 5p
Prader-Willi
28
Q

other than genetic factors, what are the other pre-natal causes of ID

A

rubella or CMV infection
alcohol misuse
exposure to medications and drugs

29
Q

what are the perinatal causes of ID

A

neonatal sepsis, pnneumonia, birth injury or complications

30
Q

what are some of the post-natal causes of ID

A

CNS infection
cerebral palsy
epilepsy
atrial septal defect

Psychiatry (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions