ADHD, ADD, and misc Flashcards
Fails to give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes in schoolwork
Has difficulty keeping attention during tasks or play
Does not seem to listen when spoken to directly
Does not follow through on instructions and fails to finish things
Has problems organizing tasks and activities
Avoids or dislikes tasks that require sustained mental effort
Often loses toys, assignments, pencils, books, or tools needed for tasks or activities
Is easily distracted
Is often forgetful in daily activities
Inattentive Symptoms
Fidgets with hands or feet or squirms in seat
Leaves seat when remaining seated is expected
Runs about or climbs in inappropriate situations
Has problems playing or working quietly
Talks excessively
Hyperactivity Symptoms
Blurts out answers before questions have been completed
Has difficulty awaiting turn
Interrupts or intrudes on others’ conversations
Impulsivity Symptoms
ADHD Diagnosis is made clinically with input from ___ and ___.
At least __ separate symptoms for at least __ months.
An ___ must have had symptoms as ____ for this diagnosis to be applied
Diagnosis is made clinically with input from teachers and parents.
At least 6 separate symptoms for at least 6 months.
An adult must have had symptoms as child for this diagnosis to be applied
Stimulant Medicationsn[1]
Non-stimulant medications that can be used as alternatives [4]
Stimulant Medications Ritalin (methylphenidate) Non-stimulant medications that can be used as alternatives Atomoxetine Bupropion Guanfacine Clonidine
To help a child with ADHD, the following is advised: [6]
Talk regularly with the child’s teacher Consistent schedule Limit distractions Healthy diet Sleep Provide clear and consistent communication
abuse signs:
___ fractures from twisting injuries
Burns that are ___ ____ pattern or perfectly ____
___ is red flag(eye)
Spiral fractures from twisting injuries
Burns that are stocking glove pattern or perfectly round
Hyphema is red flag. This is blood in the anterior chamber of the eye.
Physical Abuse - Inflicting physical pain or injury on a senior - Slapping, bruising, or restraining by physical or chemical means Sexual Abuse Neglect Financial or Material Exploitation Emotional Abuse Abandonment
Types of Elder Abuse
Types of Grief Reactions:
Anticipatory grief means what
Common grief means what
Types of Grief Reactions:
Anticipatory grief
occurs in anticipation of an impending loss
Common grief
Marked by a gradual movement toward an acceptance of the loss and managing to continue basic daily activities
Grieving Process [4]
1) Shock and Denial
- Initial reaction to loss
- Normally lasts two or three months
2) Intense Concern
- Manifests by being unable to think of anything else
- May last from six months to a year
3) Despair and Depression
- The long period of grief
- Involves a wide range of feelings, thoughts, and behaviors
4) Recovery
- Shows a new interest in daily activities and begins to function normally day to day
Phases of Suicide
Phases of Suicide
* Severe disappointment
Where standards were set and the circumstances fall far below from expectations
* Self-blame
Blaming one’s self for all of the disappointment in life.
“Demonize” self
* Self-absorption
Becoming obsessed with one’s own inability to measure up to the standards set up
Inward turn, shutting off from the world
* Depression and anxiety
“negative affect,”
* Cognitive deconstruction
Involves an “escape from meaningful thought,”
Thinking about the big questions going into an “emotional death”
* Disinhibition
Leaping over the last psychological hurdles that stand between the person and suicide
Many who attempt suicide seek professional care?
___% suicides are completed with a firearm
Many who attempt suicide never seek professional care
Over half of all suicides are completed with a firearm
Risk Factors for suicide [4]
gender?
Risk Factors Mental disorder Substance abuse Problem gambling Medical conditions triggering depression Male > Female
suicide tx
Emergency Treatment Psychotherapy Medications Antidepressants Antipsychotic medications Anti-anxiety medications Addiction treatment
What % of woman in North America will have experienced sexual abuse by adulthood.
25%
A patient who has lost her husband 6 months ago believes she can hear his voice in the their home. Is this normal?
A patient who has lost her husband 6 months ago believes she can hear his voice in the their home. Is this normal?
Yes, auditory hallucinations can be a normal part of the grieving period.
Things you should know Characteristic behavior and social interactions Symptoms are apparent before 3 years old Strong genetic basis M > F Asperger Syndrome Rett Syndrome
Autistic Disorder
Autistic Disorder
Symptoms are apparent before ___years old
genetic basis?
gender
Autistic Disorder Characteristic behavior and social interactions Symptoms are apparent before 3 years old Strong genetic basis M > F
Autism: Difficulty with communication -social conversation Communicates with \_\_\_ instead of \_\_\_ Develops language- pace - gaze to look at objects that others are looking at Does not refer to \_\_\_ correctly -Points? Repeats what?
Difficulty with communication
Cannot start or maintain a social conversation
Communicates with gestures instead of words
Develops language slowly or not at all
Does not adjust gaze to look at objects that others are looking at
Does not refer to self correctly
Does not point to direct others’ attention to objects – occurs in the first 14 months
Repeats words or memorized passages, such as commercials
Social interaction- autism -make friends? -play interactive games? -respond to eye contact or smiles? May treat others as if they are \_\_\_ -empathy?
Social interaction Does not make friends Does not play interactive games Withdrawn May not respond to eye contact or smiles, or may avoid eye contact May treat others as if they are objects Prefers to spend time alone, rather than with others Shows a lack of empathy
Autism: Responses to sensory information -loud noises? Has heightened what? May find normal noises what? -physical contact ? Rubs .... -response to pain?
Responses to sensory information
Does not startle at loud noises
Has heightened or low senses of sight, hearing, touch, smell, or taste
May find normal noises painful and hold hands over ears
May withdraw from physical contact because it is overstimulating or overwhelming
Rubs surfaces, mouths or licks objects
Seems to have a heightened or low response to pain
autistic Play
imitate ?
Prefers ___ or ___ play
-pretend or imaginative play?
Doesn’t imitate the actions of others
Prefers solitary or ritualistic play
Shows little pretend or imaginative play
Autistic Behaviours Behaviours -tantrums Gets stuck on a single \_\_\_ or \_\_\_ -attention span -overactive or passive? Shows aggression to \_\_\_ or \_\_\_ Shows a strong need for \_\_\_\_ Uses \_\_\_ body movements
Behaviours “Acts up” with intense tantrums Gets stuck on a single topic or task Short attention span With very narrow interests Is overactive or very passive Shows aggression to others or self Shows a strong need for sameness Uses repetitive body movements
What is the definition of obesity using BMI
> 30
A four year old who has a flat affect and does not make eye contact during your interview might make you think about what diagnosis?
Autism
How does Orlistat work?
It is a lipase inhibitor
Is anorexia ego dyssyntonic or ego syntonic
ego syntonic
5 axis
I: clinic d/o, mental d/o, major syndromes, includes substance abuse and development d/o
II: personality d/o and mental retardation
III: any general medical condition or physical d/o
IV: psychosocial and enviromental situations that contribute to the d/o
V: global assessment of function-rating system
Disorganized schizophrenia
Disorganized schizophrenia is characterized by incoherent and illogical thoughts and behaviors; in other words, disinhibited, agitated, and purposeless behavior.
postpartum
1) blues
2) psychosis
3) depression
- blues within 2 weeks; no thoughts of hurting baby
- 2-3 wks post-delivery, may have thoughts of hurting baby
- 1-3 months post delivery, sleep disturbances and anxiety
pts recognize there behaviors as excessive and irrational products of their own minds
they wish they could get rid of the obsessions and/or compulsions
OCD
anorexia %wt and BMI
-ego….
<85% and BMI < 17.5
egosyntonic
bulemia binge eating incidence
once a wk for 3 or more months
prevalent: anemia or bulimia
bulemia
eating disorders electrolyte abnormalities 4
hypochloremia
hypokalemia
elev BUN
metabolic alkalosis(anorexia); acidosis(bulemia)
