ADH and Diuretics Flashcards
Main types of Loop Diuretics (2)
a. Major agents are Furosemide (Lasix) and Bumetanide
Where do carbonic anhydrase inhibitors work?
Act in proximal tubule
Where and how do Loop Diuretics work?
Act in the ascending limb of the loop of Henle
block the Na+/K+/2Cl- pump (NKCC) symporter
Non-potassium sparing diuretic
Where do thiazide’s work?
Act in the distal convoluted tubule
Blocks the Na+/Cl- symporter
Where do K+ sparing diuretics work?
Work in Cortical collecting tubule
Types of K+ sparing diuretics? (3)
Spironolactone
Amiloride
Triamterene
MOA of K+ sparing diuretics?
Either inhibit aldosterone receptors (S) or block ENaC (exchange for K and H??) (A and T)
Types of thiazide diuretics? (3)
Chlorthalidone, Hydrochlorothiazide and Metalazone
Mechanism of K+ sparing diuretics?
By blocking the exchange of intaluminal Na for extraluminal K, less potassium is excreted.
Type and MOA of Osmotic diuretic? (1)
Mannitol- It is not reabsorbed in the nephron; therefore, it exerts an osmotic effect to retain water in the lumen
SLGT-2 inhibitors?
i. Canigliflozin (Invokana)
ii. Dapagliflozin (Farziga)
iii. Gliflozin
MOA of SLGT-2 inhibitors?
Reduce reabsorption of glucose in the PT via the Na+/glucose symporter
MOA of ADH (vasopressin or desmopressin)
Stimulation of G-protein coupled receptors in the collecting duct to recruit aquaporin channels= reabsorbs the H2O to increase B/P; V1 works in the vasculature
Canigliflozin, Dapagliflozin and Gliflozin are what type of drug?
SGLT-2 inhibitors
Acetazolamide
Carbonic Anhydrase inhibitor; blocks the H+, HCO3- to CO2 and H2O equation;
Used to produce metabolic acidosis and thus will produce urinary alkalinization
