Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

TCD 16 - Obesity > ADH > Flashcards

ADH Flashcards

1
Q

What is diabetes insipidus?

A

Lack of ADH or lack of response to ADH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What causes cranial diabetes insipidus?

A

Hypothalamus does not produce enough ADH for the pituitary gland to secrete

  • Brain tumours
  • Head injury
  • Brain malformations
  • Brain infections (meningitis, encephalitis, TB)
  • Brain surgery or radiotherapy
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What causes nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?

A

Collecting ducts of kidney become unsensitised to ADH

  • Lithium
  • Mutations in AVPR2 gene that copes for ADH receptor
  • Intrinsic kidney disease
  • Electrolyte disturbance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the symptoms of diabetes insipidus?

A
  • Polyuria

- Polydipsia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the tests that diagnose diabetes insipidus?

A

• Urine osmolarity
o Low

• Serum osmolarity
o High

• Water deprivation/desmopressin stimulation test

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the water deprivation/desmopressin stimulation test?

A

o Patient avoids taking fluids for 8 hours
o Then urine osmolality is measures and synthetic ADH (desmopressin) is administered
o 8 hours later urine osmolality is measured again

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How is cranial diabetes insipidus diagnosed after the water deprivation/desmopressin stimulation test?

A

After deprivation:
- Low

After ADH
- High

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How is nephrogenic diabetes insipidus diagnosed after the water deprivation/desmopressin stimulation test?

A

After deprivation:
- Low

After ADH
- Low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do you manage cranial diabetes insipidus?

A

Desmopressin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is SIADH?

A

Inappropriate release of high levels of ADH

  • Reabsorption of water from collecting ducts
  • Urine has high sodium concentration or osmolarity
  • Hyponatraemia (serum sodium is low)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are the causes of SIADH?

A
  • Atypical pneumonia
  • Brain lesions – tumour, head injury and bleed, stroke
  • Drugs – carbamazepine, SSRIs
  • Malignancy – SCLC, GI, genitourinary, sarcoma, lymphoma
  • Hypothyroidism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What tests do you do for SIADH?

A
  • Fluid status
  • Serum sodium
  • Plasma osmolarity
  • TFTs
  • Serum cortisol
  • Urine osmolarity
  • Urine sodium
  • CXR
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does fluid status show in SIADH?

A

Euvolemic or hypervolemic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does serum sodium show in SIADH?

A

Low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What does plasma osmolality show in SIADH?

A

Reduced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does urine osmolality show in SIADH?

A

High

17
Q

How do you manage SIADH?

A

Fluid resuscitation

18
Q

How do you manage nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?

A

Chlortalidone and NSAIDs

TCD 16 - Obesity (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions