ADF Flashcards
ADF Purpose
Defending Australia and our interests
Peacetime Services
Protect Trade and Commence
Adapting to Complex and Strategic Environments
ADF Values
Service
Courage
Respect
Integrity
Excellence
ADF Strategy
2016 Defence White Paper
2020 Defence Strategic update
Superiority in the air
Protection and Support at Sea
Peak Defensive Capability on Land
Control of Communications
2016 Defence White Paper
China becoming the new global economic and military Super Power
Increased support for Indonesia, Papua New Guinea, Pacific Island countries & East Timor
Committed to spending 2% GDP on Defence
Pro-nuclear era for Defence policy
2020 Defence Strategic update
ADF workforce to expand by 30% to 100,000 personnel by 2040
RAAF Vision/Strategy
One Team - Swift, Decisive, resilient and respected. he Air Force provides immediate and responsive military capability.
AFSTRAT
he current greatest threat to Australia and its security is cyber attacks. Russia, China, India and the USA have already deployed ground based missiles to attack satellites. RAAF is 3-4 years behind.
Defence Space Command
Future Air & Space Capability
Plan Jericho
ADF Conditions of Service
Return of Service Obligation (ROSO) / Initial Minimum Period of Service (IMPS)
Unrestricted/Operational Service
Arduous Conditions
Combat Duties
Military Law
Equal Employment Opportunity
Dress and Grooming standards
ADF Rifle
Enhanced F88 Austeyr
Significant Days/People
ANZAC Day
Remembrance Day
National Close the Gap Day
Father of the RAAF
AM Sir Richard Williams
* First military pilot trained in Australia
* Commanded Australian and British fighter units in WW1
Salary / Allowance
Starting Salary - $59k p.a.
Employment Training (with degree) - $64K p.a.
Salary Once Trained - $79k p.a.
Superannuation - 16.4%
Figures include:
* Trainee allowance
* Service allowances
* Flying allowance
Uniform allowance
Benefits of Joining the ADF
Benefits:
* Professional development
* Job diversity
* Training nationally recognised
* Free healthcare
* Housing or retired assistance
Job security
Pre-Enlistment Fitness Assessment for RAAF entry
Sit-ups - 20
Shuttle Run - 6.1
Air Officers
Air Chief Marshal (ACM)
Air Marshal
Air Vice-Marshal
Air Commodore
Senior Officers
Group Captain
Wing Commander
Squadron Leader
Junior Officers
Flight Lieutenant
Flying Officer
Pilot Officer
Officer Cadet
Warrant Officers
Warrant Officer of the Air Force
Warrant Officer
Senior NCOs
Flight Sergeant
Sergeant
NCOs
Corporal
Prime Minister
Deputy Prime Minister / Minister for Defence
The Hon Anthony Albanese MP
The Hon Richard Marles MP
Chief of the Defence Force
Vice Chief of the Defence Force
Gen Angus Campbell
VA David Johnston
Chief of Air Force
Chief of Navy
Chief of Army
AM Rob Chipman
VA Mark Hammond
LG Simon Stuart
Deputy Chief of Air Force
Head of Air Force Capability
Air Commander Australia
Warrant Officer of the Air Force
AV-M Stephen Meredith
AV-M Robert Denney
AV-M Darren Goldie
WO Air Force Fiona Grasby
Structure
Order of Scale: Groups > Wings > Squadrons > Flights
Air Force Training Group
Air Combat Group
Air Mobility Group
Surveillance & Response Group
HQ RAAF Williams
HQ RAAF Williamtown (3 wings)
HQ RAAF Richmond (2 wings)
HQ RAAF Williamtown (4 wings)
total # of bases
19
NSW bases
Williamtown
Richmond
Glenbrook
Wagga
VIC bases
East Sale
Point Cook
Williams, Laverton
WA bases
Pearce
Learmonth
Curtin
NT bases
Darwin
Tindal
QLD Bases
Amberly
Townsville
Scherger
F-35 Lightning II
Lockheed Martin
5th-generation stealth multi-role fighter aircraft
ADF have committed to 72 F-35A aircraft for three operational squadrons at:
No. 2 Sqn - Operational Conversion Unit (RAAF Williamtown)
No. 3 Sqn (RAAF Base Williamtown) - Became operational in Dec 2020
No. 77 Sqn (RAAF Base Williamtown)
No. 75 Sqn (RAAF Base Tindal)
Australia has committed to 72 aircraft. Received 54 (Expected to be fully operational by 2023)
Pratt & Whitney engines
max speed 2000km/h (m1.6)
Range 2,200km
Payload 8000kg
F/A-18F Super Hornets
Boeing
Multi-role strike fighter aircraft, capable of air-to-air and air-to-ground missions
RAAF operates 24 Super Hornets at No. 1 Sqn (RAAF Base Amberley)
Op ‘OKRA’ (Middle East - Iraq)
F414-GE-400 turbofans
max speed 2000km/h (m1.6)
Range 2,500km
Payload 8000kg
EA-18G Growler
Boeing (uses F/A-18F Super Hornet frame)
Electronic warefare aircraft, allowing enhanced situational awareness and networking. (Further 1 on order)
RAAF operates 11 EA-18G Growlers at No. 6 Sqn (RAAF Base Amberly) - Became operational in 2019
F414-GE-400 turbofans
max speed 2000km/h (m1.6)
Range 1,500km (fully armed with ex fuel tanks)
Payload 8000kg
PC-21
Pilatus
Pilot Training Aircraft
RAAF operates 49 PC-21s at:
Central Flying School (RAAF Base East Sale)
No. 2 Flying Training School (RAAF Base Pearce)
No. 4 Sqn (FAC Training) (RAAF Base Williamtown)
Hawk 127
BAE Systems
Lead-In fighter training for conversion to F/A-18A and F/A-18B Hornets and F/A-18F Super Hornets.
Postings: RAAF operates 33 Hawk 127s at:
No. 76 Sqn (RAAF Base Williamtown)
No. 79 Sqn (RAAF Base Pearce)
Air Mobility
C-17A Globemaster III
C-27J Spartan
C-130J Hercules
KC-30A Multi-Role Tanker Transport
737 Boeing Business Jet (BBJ)
Dassault Falcon 7x
KA350 King Air
Intelligence, Surveillance & Reconnaissance
P-8A Poseidon
E-7A Wedgetail
MQ-4C Triton
Loyal Wingman
MQ-9B SkyGuardian
MC-55A Peregrine
Ait-to-Air missiles
AIM-120 Advanced Medium Range Air-to-Air (AMRAAM)
AIM-9X “Sidewinder” Shot Range Air-to-Air missile
Air to ground
GBU-31 Joint Direct Attack Munitions (JDAM) Guided Bombs (GPS/Laser)
Conventional Laser-Guided Bombs
Hypersonic Cruise Missiles (In development by AU/US)
AGM-154 Joint Stand-Off Weapons (JSOW)
AGM-84 Harpoon Anti-Ship Missile
Long Range Anti-Ship Missiles (LRASMs)
Initial Military Training (IMT)
OTS - East sale (17 weeks)
- leadership
- air power ground defense
- comms techniques
- military life (law/operations/history/traditions)
- weapons handling
AvMed - Edinburgh (1 week)
ComSurv - Townsville (3 weeks)
Initial Employment Training (IET)
Pilot Pasic Course (1FTS) - East Sale (24 weeks, 60 hrs flying)
Pilot Intermediate Course (2FTS) - Pearce (30 weeks, 135 hrs flying)
FJP Stream
Pilot Advanced Course
- Intro to fighter training (79 sqn) - Pearce (14 weeks)
- Air to Air/Air to surface training (76 sqn) - Williamtown (20 weeks)
F35 conversion (2OCU) - williamtown / SuperHornet conversion (82 sqn) - amberly
Fighter combat instructor (FCI) Course ~700-800 hrs req
2OCU instructor
FWP Operation Conversion
- Fixed Wing Operational Conversion
- Flight Instructors Course (FIC)
- Flight Instructor
How to study / Prepare for flights
Course is broken up into syllabus phases and you have until the end of that phase to prove to the instructors you have passed.
1. Understand that everyone goes through hardships on the course 2. Break down the details of flights into a prep-book. Make the information manageable. 3. Chair fly different stages 4. Focus on what I can do to make the next week/flight successful? 5. Prepare for each event. Don't play catch up. Always be pre-reading
ADF/RAAF News
November
* US preparing to deploy up to 6 nuclear /cruise missile capable B-52 bombers to Australia (RAAF Tindal)
October
* 90 Protected Mobility vehicles send to Ukraine (including bushmasters)
* 70 ADF personnel sent to Britain to help train Ukrainian soldiers
September
* Work started on RAAF base Tindal ($1.6B - runway and fuel storage)
* RAAF Receive MQ-4C Triton
March
* 2020 Defence strategic update - ADF workforce to expand by 30% to 100,000 personnel by 2040
February
* First all-female crew to fly C-27J Spartan
2021
* New contract for fast-jet training aircraft (commitment to $1.5 billion upgrade and extend RAAFs Hawk 127 Lead-in-fighter training system)
* RAAF turned 100 years old (BDay - 31st March 1921)
World News
China
Russia/Ukraine Conflict
Iranian Protests
New British/Commonwealth Monarch
Ongoing ADF Operations - Australia
Operation Resolute
Operation Southern Discovery - Antarctic
Operation Flood Assist
Operation COVID-19 Assist
Operation Bushfire Assist
Ongoing ADF Operation - Middle East
Operation Accordion
- Operation OKRA
- Operation Manitou
- Operation Slipper / Highroad
Ongoing ADF Operations - Pacific
Operation Tonga Assist - volcano & tsunami relief
Operation Solania - maritime fishing and trade protection
Operation Lilia - assisting Solomon islands with covid 19 outbreak
Operation render safe - disposal and clearing of WWII bombs
Ongoing ADF Operations - Global (United Nations)
Operation ASLAN
Operation Charter
Operation Linesmen
Operation Mazurka/Paladin
Training Exercises - Australia
Exercise Pitch Black
Exercise Talisman Sabre
Exercise Teak Action
Exercise Diamond Seas
Training Exercises - USA
RIMPAC
Exercise Cope North
Exercise Red Flag
Exercise Global Dexterity
Training Exercises - Malaysia
Exercise BERSAMA GOLD
Lawrence Hargrave
Inventor of the box kite - 1894
Worlds first controlled flight
Wright Brothers - 1903
Charles Kingsford Smith
1st trans pacific flights (USA to AUS)
1st non stop flight across Australia (Point Cook to Perth)
1st trans tasman flight (AUS to NZ)
Charles Kingsford Smith
Circa 1928
1st trans pacific flights (USA to AUS)
1st non-stop flight across Australia (Point Cook to Perth)
1st trans-Tasman flight (AUS to NZ)
Chuck Yeager
1947 - First person to break the sound barrier (Bell X-1) - first rocket aircraft engine
4.5 gen military aircraft
1990-2000
advanced avionics
supersonic
multirole
high manouverability
high weapon precision
5th Gen military aircraft
2000 and beyond
stealth - low observability
integrated systems
WWI (the great war)
1914 - duke of Ausatra assassinated
Allied forces: France, Russia, Great Britain, Australia (Conscription of soldiers and Formation of the ANZACs)
Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
Intro to trench warfare, gas , machine guns, accurate artillery, tanks, aircraft
Western front (France)
Eastern front (Russia)
Southern front (Serbia)
Battle of Gallipoli, Turkey (25th April 1915)
Combined force of 20,000 Australians/New Zealanders joined British and French troops. Harsh terrain and Turkish resistance resulted in months of stalemate and thousands of casualties. Attempts to break through Turkish lines failed. Troops were evacuated from Gallipoli in January 2016.
~ 62,000 Australians were killed, and 155,000 Australians were wounded
Armistice signed 11/11/1918
WWII
1939 - Nazi Germany (under Adolf Hitler) invaded Poland (Intro to Blitzkrieg tactics), Great Britain and France declared war against Germany.
1940 - France defeated - allies evacuated Dunkirk
1941 - Germany invaded Russia & Japanese attacked pearl harbor
1942 - Japanese bombed Darwin.
1942/1943 - Battle of Middway / Stalingrad
1944 - D-Day Normandy
1945 - Soviet forces reach berlin, Germany surrenders. The USA drops atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Japan surrender.
Australian women & indigenous enlisted
Australia biggest involvement was in mediterranean, North Africa, New guinea (kokoda track)
Korean War
1950 - Communist North Korean Army crossed the boarder into South Korea and took the capital Seoul.
Australia contributed fighter-bomber aircraft, infantry soldiers and Navy ships
Vietnam War
Australia’s involvement in the Vietnam War was driven largely by the rise of communism in Southeast Asia. Australia and the United States supported South Vietnam through the early 1960’s.
1962 - communist insurgency coming from North Vietnam.
1966 - Australia introduced conscripts. Battle of Tong Tan held of Viet cong
1970 - Australia started to phase out of war
1973 - Australian forces fully withdrawn
Introduction of Gorilla Tactics and the use of Napalm.
~50,000 Australians served in Vietnam
519 were killed and 2,398 were wounded
Gulf War
1991 - enforce sanctions on Iraq and no-fly zones
East Timor
1975 - East Timor was invaded by Indonesia
1999 - Indonesian gov agreed to let East Timor vote for independence
1999-2013 - Australian led UN peace keeping
Afghanistan
2001-2021 - Post 9/11 terrorist attacks, a coalition of the willing.
operation slipper - fight the Taliban
2021 - Australian withdrawal
Iraq
2003 - 2011 - Australian forces (just over 2000) joined British and US invasion of Iraq. RAAF deployed F/A-18 Hornets and some transport planes.
Disarm Saddam Hussain weapons of mass destruction.
Military Intervention Against ISIL
2014 - Present - SASR deployed to Iraq to protect the Australian embassy when security of Baghdad was threatened
RAAF F/A-18F Super Hornets, KC-30A MRTT and E-7A Wedgetails were deployed to the UAE. Strike missions concluded 2017.
Operation OKRA (17000 personnel)
Aircraft Physics
Newtons Third law: For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Lift occurs when a moving flow of gas is turned by a solid object. A flow is turned in one direction and the lift is generated in the opposite direction.
Bernoulli - Lift: Generated by a pressure difference across the wing. Longest path theory. Aeroplane wings are shaped to make air move faster over the top of the wing. When air moves faster, the pressure of the air decreases.
four forces on an aircraft
thrust (acceleration)
drag
lift
gravity
Effects of Controls
Ailerons - roll - adverse yaw
Elevators - pitch
Rudder - yaw - roll
Throttle - thrust
Slipstream
spiral column of air being forced back by the propeller. Slipstream is present whenever the propeller is rotating, regardless of the aeroplanes speed.
Flaps
The flaps are a controllable high lift devices.
When extended/lowered they increase the camber of the wing (sometimes increasing the surface area) resulting in an increase of both lift and drag.
Trimmer
The Trimmer is another controllable surface for the pilot. The trimmer is used to relieve the pilot of work in maintaining the required airspeed and attitude.
Stalling
tall is the excess angle of attack on the main wing until it reaches the critical angle
characteristics
Separation of laminar airflow
Creation of turbulent airflow over wing
Stick position of stall is always the same, regardless of speed and flight path.
Stall speed goes up with weight and with increased AOB
Types of Aircraft Engines
Turbojet Engines
turboprop
turbofan
Ramjet Engine
Piston Engines
Types of Wings
straight edges
tapered edges
swept back
delta
daily routine
0500 Wake up
0530 Breakfast
0600 Planning: Plan mislsion/sortie
0800 Flight Briefing: Talk through mission
0900 Step Brief: Suit up
0940 Perform walk arounds/safety checks
1000 Getting airborne
1200 Return back to base
1220 Lunch
1300 Flight Debriefing: After action review
1400 Officer Duties: Weapons Officer, Scheduling Officer, Training Officer, Navigation Officer, Safety Officer
1800 Dinner
1830 Study
2000 Bed
Leadership Styles
Autocratic - bear leadership alone
Domocratic - free exchange of ideas
Laissez-faire (Let it be) - empowering employees and being hands-off, trusting
Q) Why do you want to be a pilot?
- As early as 10 y/o I can remember wanting to be a pilot in the RAAF
- Dad/Grandad took me to airshows (Richmond & Avalon)
- Extremely exciting and rewarding career
- Each day would present new and challenging experiences
ADF produce the best pilots in the world
Q) What aircraft do you want to fly and why?
(F-35’s)
- Cutting edge of technology (5th Gen)
- Physically and mentally demanding
- Short but intense flying
Considered the best of the best
Q) What is your understanding of the roles and responsibilities of an Officer in the ADF?
- Leader/mentor - are expected to encourage/motivate others to achieve objectives
- Resource and logistical manager
Critical thinker / decision maker
Q) What are some qualities, characteristics, or values you would expect an officer to have?
- have initiative and an overwhelming desire to lead
- trustworthy, loyal and honest
- be decisive, but also willing to listen and learn
- good communicator
Inspire to motivate
Q) What is the difference between being a leader and a manager?
Leadership
People focus
Motivating people
Establishment of principles
Long term, high level perspective
Management
organizational focus
Instructing and directing people
Formulation of policies
Short term, detailed perspective
Leaders have people who follow them while managers have people who work for them.
Leadership is about getting people to understand and believe in your vision and to work with you to achieve your goals. Management is more so about making sure the day-to-day tasks are completed
Q) What are some common traits shared between good leaders and managers
- Able to execute on a task
- Understand the capability of their team and can effectively delegate tasks
Q) How do you react when somebody doesn’t agree with your opinion?
I usually dont react. It’s okay for somebody not to agree with an opinion.
I usually end up doing a lot more listening than talking to understand their perspective
Q) What would you do if your captain in an aircraft was about to break a safety rule?
Communicate your concerns
recommend we dont
ask if they understand the impact of what they are about to do
Given the situation, you may ask to take control of the aircraft.
Q) What do you do after you have failed something?
I often reflect on the situation. Seek feedback
focus on the things in my control that I could improve on
Q) How do you respond to criticism?
Initially disheartened as i take a lot of pride in the things I do
take the feedback on board and look to improve
in most cases, there is good reason for receiving criticism.
Q) What do you have to offer over and above the other pilot candidates we are seeing?
I possess many of the qualities the Defence Force are looking for in their young officers and hold many of the values the defence force is built on SCRIE.
I also believe my personality and character would thrive in the ADF
I believe I have a clear and unwavering goal that this is what I want to do and what I have always wanted to do.
Q) How do you feel about the service commitment?
I want to make the ADF my career, if this becomes the case then I’m going to be here a lot longer than 10 years.
I have almost 5 years in a job I fell into and had no intention of staying at
Q) Tell us about disappointments you have had in your job?
Being promised opportunities for professional development and having the company not deliver on there.
Q) Describe a situation where your work standards were not to your supervisors expectations
SES wanting to be a trainer early on but not demostrating the skills
Q) Describe times when you were not satisfied or pleased with your performance
mostly in the context of sports Quite competitive
also during uni - there were some subjects that I seriolsy tried my hardest and they were beyond my capability
