Adenauer foreign policy

Question 1

What was Adenauer’s foreign policy geared towards?

Answer 1

establishing sovereignty for the new state + integrating the FRG with the western world

as he was aware that maintaining the peace & freedom of the FRG was vital

Question 2

Reasons why Adenauer’s foreign policy WAS successful?

Answer 2

achieved his aims
Western Germany was reintegrated & became an equal and vital power with other Western powers
rebuilt Germany’s reputation in Western Europe

Question 3

Reasons why Adenauer’s foreign policy WAS NOT successful?

Answer 3

he abandoned the East + did not reconcile the USSR to West German rearmament

Question 4

What was Adenauer’s greatest achievement in terms of foreign policy?

Answer 4

making West Germany indispensable to the West
ensured that the new international organisations included the state in moves towards Western European organisation

Question 5

What was the problem with West Germany allying itself so closely to the West?

Answer 5

it rejected closer relations with the East + created antagonism between the 2 Germanys, bolstering fear of communism in West Germ

Question 6

What does the OEEC stand for?

Answer 6

Organisation for European Economic Co-operaton

Question 7

When did West Germany join the OEEC?

Answer 7

October 1949

Question 8

What happened when West Germany joined the OEEC?

Answer 8

they received Marshall Aid

Question 9

What does the ECSC stand for?

Answer 9

the European Coal and Steel Community

Question 10

When did West Germany join the ECSC?

Answer 10

April 1951

Question 11

What was the significance of West Germany joining the ECSC?

Answer 11

it started European economic unity and removed foreign control over West Germany industry

Question 12

What did West Germany join NATO?

Answer 12

1955

Question 13

What did Adenauer achieve through NATO?

Answer 13

German rearmament within Europe

Question 14

When did West Germany sign the Treaty of Rome?

Answer 14

1957

Question 15

What did the Treaty of Rome establish?

Answer 15

the European economic Community (EEC), later the EU

Question 16

When did West Germany join EURATOM?

Answer 16

1957

Question 17

What does EUROTAM mean?

Answer 17

European Energy Continuity

Question 18

What was West Germany joining EUROTAM a sign of?

Answer 18

increased trust and the success of Adenauer’s policies of building up trust + friendship with France

Question 19

Why was foreign policy with the east a different matter?

Answer 19

Adenauer mistrusted the soviets & feared communist aggression
he was opposed at attempts at reunifying Germany if it was detrimental to the FRG

Question 20

What did Adenauer ignore?

Answer 20

all advances from Russia + was never able to reconcile the USSR to German rearmament

Question 21

What was the Hallstein Doctrine?

Answer 21

the belief that West Germ should not recognise East Germ or have diplomatic relations with other states, except the USSR, that did

Question 22

When was the Hallstein Doctrine abandoned?

Answer 22

1969

Question 23

When did Adenauer ignore the Hallstein Doctrine + what did he do?

Answer 23

in 1955, he visited Moscow & was able to secure the return of former prisoners of war who were still being held
won him much support at home

Question 24

What was a major concern for Stalin and the USSR?

Answer 24

the growing improvement in relations with the West

Question 25

What did Stalin do in 1952?

Answer 25

sent a series of notes to the West suggesting that the USSR might give up its control over East Germ in return for a united, neutral Germany, but was insistent that once united, Germany could not join the West due to his security concerns
Western Allies rejected offer, Adenauer pleased

Question 26

What examples show that Adenauer’s foreign policy abandoned the East? (4 things)

Answer 26

rejected Stalin’s offer to unite Germany in 1952
ignored the East German risings of 1953, left fellow Germans to their fate
Hallstein Doctrine-refused to recognise DDR as separate state + to have diplomatic relations with an communist power except the USSR- not abandoned until 1970s
lack of response to building of Berlin Wall

Question 27

What were the setbacks in Adenauer’s foreign policy?

Answer 27

his reaction to developments in the East, but these were far outweighed by his achievements

Question 28

What were the achievements of Adenauer’s foreign policy?

Answer 28

West Germany was treated as an equal by the West & was accepted among the community of nations, which was a far cry from its position in the 1920s

Question 29

What was the impact of the successes of Adenauer’s foreign policy?

Answer 29

these successes helped ensure his electoral success, with the return of POWs seen as a major triumph

Question 30

Why did the creation of a West German army in 1955 worry some people?

Answer 30

worried some that Germany was returning to its militaristic past

Question 31

When was the Council of European established?

Answer 31

1948
Adenauer joined and stated “We belong to the West, not to Soviet Russia”