Addressing on Networks Chapter 3 Flashcards
How addressing happens in each OSI Layers
What are the two types of IP addresses?
IPv4—IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4) addresses have 32 bits and are
written as four decimal numbers called octets.
IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6) addresses have 128 bits and are written as eight blocks of hexadecimal numbers
Ftp is the host name usually given to an FTP server.
Define “Host name” & “Domain Name”
Collectively, the last two parts of a host’s name
(for example, mycompany.com) are called the domain name, which matches the name of the organization’s domain or network. The first part (for example
susan, ftp, and www) is the host name, which identifies the individual computer on the network.
“www” host name assigned to a computer running a web server.
How addressing happens in each OSI Layers
Data Link Layer
A MAC address is embedded on every NIC on the
globe and is assumed to be unique to that NIC
Nodes on a
LAN find each other using their MAC addresses.
How addressing happens in each OSI Layers
Network Layer IP Adress
An IP address is assigned to nearly every interface,
which is a network connection made by a node on a network. An IP address can be used to find any computer in the world if the IP address is public on the Internet.
an IP address is used only at the Network layer.
How addressing happens in each OSI Layers
Transport Layer Ports
A port is a number used by the Transport layer to find an application. It identifies one application among several that might be running on a host.
How addressing happens in each OSI Layers
Application Layer FQDNS(host name and computer names)
Every host on a network is assigned a unique character-based name called the FQDN (fully
qualified domain name), for example, susan.mycompany.com, ftp.mycorrpany.
com, and www.mycompany.com.
How addressing happens in each OSI Layers
Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
Organization that tracks the assignments of IP addresses, port numbers and domain names.(IANA)
Internet Corporation for Assigned names and numbers
A nonprofit organization charged with setting many policies that guide how the internet works
MAC ADDRESSES PART 1(Data Link Layer)
MAC ADDRESES
You can find a network adapter’s MAC address stamped directly onto the NIC’s circuit board or on a sticker attached to some part of the NIC. MAC addresses contain two parts, are 48 bits long, and are written as hexadecimal numbers separated by colons—for example, oo:6o:8C:oo:54:99
MAC ADDRESSES PART 1 (Data Link Layer)
The first 24 bits (six hex
characters, such as oo:6o:8C in our example) are known as the
which identifies the NIC’s manufacturer.
OUI (Organizationally
Unique Identifier)
.
MAC ADDRESSES PART 1(Data Link Layer)
A manufacturer’s OUI is assigned by the IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers). If you know a computer’s MAC address, you can determine which company manufactured its NIC by looking up its OUI.
The IEEE maintains a database of OUIs and their manufacturers,
which is accessible via the web.The last 24 bits make up the extension identifier or device ID and identify the
device itself.
TCP/IP
Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol and is a suite of communication protocols used to interconnect network devices
(Network Layer)
IP ADDRESSES
IP addresses identify nodes at the Network layer.
Whereas MAC addresses are used for communication inside a network, an IP address is required in order for a device to communicate outside its local network through a gateway device such as a router.
(Network Layer)
Static IP Addresses
You can permanently assign a static IP address to a device, or configure the device to request and receive a dynamic IP address from a DHCP server.
(Network Layer)
DHCP (Dynamic Host configuration Protocol)
A server that manages the dynamic distribution of IP addresses to devices on network.