ADDITIONAL TERMS Flashcards
The greatest stress a material
is capable of developing without deviation from straight line proportionality between strain and stress
Proportional limit
The greatest stress a material
is capable of developing without a permanent elongation remaining
upon complete unloading of the specimen
Elastic limit
Slope of the straight line
portion of the curve or the ratio
of stress over the strain
Modulus of elasticity
The ability of a material to
deform in the plastic range without breakage or the ability
to undergo considerable plastic
deformation under tensile load
before actual rupture.
Ductility
A property of a material where
if the specimen be unloaded,
it will not return to its
original length, rather it
will retain a permanent
elongation sometimes called a
permanent set.
Plasticity
The stress at which there occurs a marked increase in strain without an increase in stress
Yield stress
The max. stress a material is
capable of developing
Ultimate stress
The stress at which the specimen actually breaks.
Rupture strength
The property of a material to
withstand high stress without
great strain
Stiffness
Implies the absence of any
plastic deformation prior to
failure.
Brittleness
The property of a material
enabling it to undergo
considerable plastic deformation under compressive load before actual rupture.
Malleability
The property of a material
enabling it to endure high impact loads or shock loads.
Toughness
The property of a material enabling high impact loads
without inducing a stress in
excess of the elastic limit.
Resilience
Ratio of the failure stress to
the allowable stress.
Factor of safety
The condition that renders the
load resisting member unfit for
resisting further increase in
loads.
Failure
The tensile stress that develops
on the diagonals surface.
Diagonal tension
The ratio of lateral strain to
axial strain for an unrestrained
member.
Poisson’s ratio
Change of volume per unit
volume.
Dilatation
Is one having a relatively
large tensile strain up to the
point of rupture
Ductile material “e”
Is one having a relatively
small tensile strain up to
the point of rupture
Brittle material
The rate of change of stress
with respect to strain
Tangent modulus
The ratio of the ultimate or
tensile strength to specific
weight that is the weight per
unit volume.
Specific strength
Ratio of the Youngs modulus to
the specific weight.
Specific modulus
One having the same elastic
properties in all directions at
any one point of the body.
Isotropic material
Is a ground mounted – device
which measures the actual
displacement of the ground with respect to a stationary
reference point.
Seismograph
It is the oldest useful measure
of an earthquake’s strength
which is based on the damage
and other observed effects on
people, buildings and other
features.
Intensity
Forces generated by a body in
motion.
Dynamic
