Additional programming techniques

Question 1

A string is a variable that holds a sequence of one or more alphanumeric characters. It is usually possible to manipulate a string to provide information or to alter the contents of a string.

Answer 1

The length of a string can usually be determined using the len statement. This gives the length as an integer.

Question 2

Open, read, write and close are the most important functions in programming. without these functions most programs would not be able to function.

Question 3

SQL is a domain-specific language used in programming and designed for managing data held in a relational database management system, or for stream processing in a relational data stream management system.

Question 4

A one-dimensional array (or single dimension array) is a type of linear array. Accessing its elements involves a single subscript which can either represent a row or column index. As an example consider the C declaration int anArray

Answer 4

A two-dimensional array is similar to a one-dimensional array, but it can be visualised as a grid (or table) with rows and columns. For example, a nine-by-nine grid could be referenced with numbers for each row and letters for each column.

Question 5

Subprograms. are small programs. that are written within a larger, main program. The purpose of a subprogram is to perform a specific task.