Additional Old Exam Questions Flashcards
How many days would you need to wait until the plasma concentration of potassium bromide (half-life = 24 days) has reached steady state conditions following the repeated oral administration to a dog treated once a day?
120 days
True or False:
You select robenacoxib (Onsior) to control postoperative pain for three days in a cat you spayed because it is FDA approved for this use. You follow the dosing instructions on the label for robenacoxib. The morning after the surgery, the cat continues to be very painful. The incision appears healthy and you rule out any complications from the surgery. This is not an adverse drug event that should be reported to the FDA.
False
An epileptic dog that is managed with phenobarbital presents to you at your emergency clinic with systemic anaphylaxis after disturbing a wasp nest and being stung multiple times. After initial administration of epinephrine and stabilization of the dog, you decide to administer a dose of dexamethasone, a glucocorticoid, IV as an ancillary treatment to reduce inflammation. The dog does not respond to dexamethasone therapy because of a drug interaction with phenobarbital.
Of the three classes of drug interactions, which type of drug interaction would be expected between phenobarbital and dexamethasone?
Pharmacokinetic interaction
An epileptic dog that is managed with phenobarbital presents to you at your emergency clinic with systemic anaphylaxis after disturbing a wasp nest and being stung multiple times. After initial administration of epinephrine and stabilization of the dog, you decide to administer a dose of dexamethasone, a glucocorticoid, IV as an ancillary treatment to reduce inflammation. The dog does not respond to dexamethasone therapy because of a drug interaction with phenobarbital.
Dexamethasone may fail this dog because phenobarbital:
- inhibits hepatic microsomal enzymes, increasing dexamethasone metabolism
- induces hepatic microsomal enzymes, increasing dexamethasone metabolism
- induces cellular inflammation, opposing the anti-inflammatory effects of dexamethasone
- increases gastric pH, decreasing absorption of dexamethasone
- increases renal blood flow, increasing excretion of dexamethasone
Induces hepatic microsomal enzymes, increasing dexamethasone metabolism
Which of the following is not a factor that may influence risk of Type A adverse reaction in an individual animal?
- use of a dietary supplement
- disease state
- obesity
- known drug allergy
- genetics
Known drug allergy
Adverse reactions to penicillins in animals manifest as clinical signs ranging from skin wheals, urticaria, rhinitis, bronchoconstriction, and diarrhea to anaphylactic shock. These adverse reactions suggest which type of Type B adverse drug reactions?
Type 1
A long-time client, who always follows your directions, calls your practice to tell you they adopted a senior, obese dog from the humane society today. In your phone conversation, the client asks you to prescribe carprofen, because the client noticed the dog has moderate joint pain and suspects the dog has osteoarthritis. You agree with the client that this dog could have osteoarthritis and that the dog may benefit from carprofen and weight loss.
Can you prescribe carprofen for this patient? Why or why not?
You cannot prescribe carprofen for this patient. A valid VCPR does not exist since you have not yet examined the dog.
List the 11 drugs/drug families prohibited from extra-label drug use in food animals.
- Chloramphenicol
- Clenbuterol
- Diethylstillbestrol (DES)
- Dimetridazole
- Nitromidazoles (or Ipronidazole)
- Nitrofurans (FUrazolidone and Nitrofurazone)
- Sulfonamides
- Fluroquinolones
- Glycopeptides
- Phenylbutazone
- Cephalosporins
True or False:
The FDA is responsible for the safety and efficacy of FDA approved drugs used in an extra-label manner.
False
To establish a withdrawal time for a drug used in an off-label manner in a food animal, what is the best resource for you, the veterinarian?
Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank (FARAD)
How can you tell if a drug product is a pioneer or a generic that has been approved by the FDA for animals?
The drug label contains a New Animal Drug Application (NADA) number for the pioneer drug or an Abbreviated New Animal Drug Application (ANADA) number or a generic drug
Which of these is not a valid reason to prescribe a compounded preparation over an FDA approved formulation?
- the cost of the compounded preparation per dose is 10% less than the FDA approved formulation
- an FDA approved human drug that is efficacious in your patient was withdrawn from the market due to safety concerns
- your patient does not accept the flavor of the FDA approved formulation
- the FDA approved formulation is in a dosage form that is not suitable for your patient
The cost of the compounded preparation per dose is 10% less than the FDA approved formulation.
Based on the following information, please indicate if the following drug is considered a controlled substance.
CII symbol
Yes
True or False:
Under the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994, the FDA has oversight of human and veterinary dietary supplements.
False
Can controlled substance prescriptions be refilled?
Prescriptions for schedule II controlled substances cannot be refilled. A new prescription must be issued. Prescriptions for schedules III and IV controlled substances may be refilled up to five times in six months. Prescriptions for schedule V controlled substances may be refilled as authorized by the practitioner.
