Addition Reactions of Alkenes

Question 1

What is an electrophile

Answer 1

A positive ion/molecule which is attracted to a region of high electron density

Question 2

What colour change occurs wen bromine water reacts with an alkene

Answer 2

Orange to colourless

Question 3

How do you use Markownikoff’s rule to predict the formation of the major ogranic product from the electrophillic addition of hydrogen halides and asymmetric alkenes

Answer 3

1. The major product is formed from the most stable carbocation
2. State the number of alkyl groups attatched to the positive carbon in each carbocation and asign primary, secodnary or tertiary
3. State which one is more stable and thus which one is the major product

Question 4

What are the conditions for the hydrogenation of hydrogen to an alkene

Answer 4

Hydrogen and a Nickel catalyst

Question 5

What are the conditions for the hydration of hydrogen to an alkene

Answer 5

Steam and a phosphoric acid catalyst