Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AQA Chemistry (14, Alkenes) > Addition polymers > Flashcards

Addition polymers Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Chemistry 101 flashcards AP® Chemistry flashcards Periodic Table flashcards Organic Chemistry 101 flashcards
1
Q

Polymers are large molecules made from many…

A

Monomers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are addition polymers made from?

A

Monomers based on ethene.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Draw the general formula for an addition polymer monomer.

A

w

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How do ethene monomers form an addition polymer?

A

Their carbon to carbon double bonds break and the monomers form together to form a backbone of carbon atoms.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How would the formation of an addition polymer be shown as a formula?

A

j

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does many ethene molecules polymerise to form?

A

poly(ethene)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does many phenylethene polymerise to form?

A

Poly(phenylethene)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is another name for phenylethene?

A

Styrene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is another name for poly(phenylethene)

A

Polystyrene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is poly(ethene) typically used for?

A

Carrier bags and washing up bowls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the common name for poly(ethene)?

A

Polythene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the common name for poly(propene)?

A

Polypropylene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is poly(propene) typically used for?

A

Yoghart containers and car bumpers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the common name for poly(chloroethene)?

A

PVC (polyvinylchloride)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is poly(chloroethene) typically used for?

A

Aprons, vinyl records and drainpipes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the common name for poly(propenenitrile)?

A

Acrylic

17
Q

What is poly(propenenitrile) typically used for?

A

Clothing fabrics

18
Q

What is the typical use for poly(phenylethene)?

A

Packaging and electrical insulation

19
Q

What are plasticisers?

A

Small molecules that can modify polymers

20
Q

How do plasticisers modify polymers?

A

They get between the polymer chains and force them apart. This allows them to slide across each other (making them more flexible)

21
Q

Why are polyalkenes not biodegradable?

A

They have strong, non-polar C-C and C-H bonds and so they are very unreactive molecules and are not attacked by biological agents, such as enzymes.

22
Q

How do you create low density poly(ethene)

A

Polymerising ethene via free-radical reactions at high pressure and high temperature.

23
Q

Low desity poly(ethene) has rather a lot of chain branching due to the random nature of free radical reactions. What affect does this have on the properties of low density(polyehtene)?

A

The branched chains do not pack together well and so it is quite flexible, stretches well and has low density.

24
Q

What are the typical used for low density poly(ethene)?

A

Plastic bags, sheeting and insulation for electrical cables

25
Q

How is high density poly(ethene) made?

A

At high temperatures and pressure little greater than room conditions and with the aid of a Ziegler-Natta catalyst.

26
Q

High density poly(ethene) has little chain branching. How does this affect the properties of high density poly(ethene)?

A

The chains are able to pack together well and so the density if the plastic is greater and it’s meting point higher.

27
Q

What are the typical used of high density poly(ethene)?

A

Milk crates, buckets and bottles

28
Q

How could we reduce the amount of plastics being sent to landfills?

A

Reuse or recycle the plastics

29
Q

What are the two different types of recycling?

A

Mechanical and feedstock

30
Q

What is the process of mechanical recycling?

A

The different types of plastics are separated and wash them. They are then ground up into small pellets and melted and remoulded.

31
Q

What is the process of feedstock recycling?

A

The plastics are heated to a temperature that will break the polymer bonds ad produce monomers. The monomers are then used to make new plastics.

32
Q

What is the problem with recycling plastics?

A

Some plastics can only be heated up a certain amount of times because after each time it is heated it changes shape (some of the chains break and become shorter). This degrades the plastics properties.

AQA Chemistry (14, Alkenes) (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions