Addiction Disorder Chap 22 Flashcards
Percentage of addicts that have co-occuring mental health disorder
50
Pathological use of a substance that leads to disorder of use, intoxication, withdrawal
SUD
Define Process Addictions
Parts of brain affected
Gambling, sex, shopping, social media
Activates dopamine & Glutamate
Limbic system
Percent population with SUD
10
Are educated, employed, rural people more likely to be addicted
Nope
Highest comorbidities with druggies
Hep A & C
Diabetes
CV diseases
HIV
Pulmonary Disorders
Psoriasis
Wernicke encephalopathy & korsakoff psychosis happen from
Alcohol Withdrawal
Name comorbidities associated with ETOH
Wernicke encephalopathy Korsakoff psychosis
Cirrhosis liver
Pancreatitis
Hepatitis
Esophagus
Gastritis
Fetal alcohol syndrome
CNS problems
Name them
Retarded
Hyperactive
Delay in motor skills
Language
Memory
Areas of the brain most affected by drug use (3)
Brain stem, limbic , Frontal cortex
Reward pathways for motivation & memory are found in the…
Limbic system
Eating & sex cue the ____ and _____ for memories and the Frontal cortex releases ____ to close the circuit
Amygdala & hippocampus
Glutamate
Etoh & CNS depressants act on GABA receptors and increase bioavailabilty of (3)
Glutamate, norepinephrine, dopamine
Neurotransmitter important in memory formation
Glutamate
Incentive Saliance is…
Responsible for craving a drug when not currently using it
Most important drug related interview question
When was the last time you used
Carbohydrate-deficit transferrin & GGT
How are they similar & different
Both show liver damage from drinking
CDT shows long term consistent drinking
Electrolytes to monitor closely with alcohol consumption
Magnesium & K
Both low
BAL
Mild impairment, potentially changes behavior
Impaired driving, Slurred Speech, ataxia, less sensory function, nausea
Impaired balance, gross judgment & cognition impairment
All sensory motor function Impaired
Potential cardiovascular and respiratory collapse Death
0.02 - 0.05 Mild impairment, potentially changes behavior
0.08 - 0.1 Impaired driving, Slurred Speech, ataxia, less sensory function, nausea
0.1 - 0.15 Impaired balance, gross judgment & cognition impairment
0.2 - 0.3All sensory motor function Impaired
> 0.3 Potential cardiovascular and respiratory collapse Death
Assessment
Screening brief intervention and referral to treatment
SBIRT
Assessment
Alcohol use disorder identification test
AUDIT
Assessment
4 questions to id alcohol abuse
CAGE
CAGE-AID adds drugs
Assessment
Alcohol withdrawal scale
CIWA
Which assessment is the Public Health response
SBIRT
Screening
Brief Intervention
Referral treatment
Alcohol withdrawal starts and peaks when
Few hours after stopping
Peaks 24 - 48 hrs
Alcohol withdrawal delirium starts 2 - 3 days after stopping and last how long…
2 - 3 days
Hyperglycemia is an effect of alcohol withdrawal
T or F
F
Hypoglycemia
Treat alcohol withdrawal with these 4 types of medications
Thiamine, Folic acid, B12
Benzos
Clonidine lowers BP
Anticonvulsants (Tegretol , Phenobarbital)
Disulfiram is aka….
Antabuse
Disulfiram
Acamprosate
Naltrexone
Are used for…
Precautions
Reducing alcohol cravings
Acamprosate- suicide
Naltrexone- no give if acute hepatitis/ liver failure. Also works for opioid cravings
GHB date rape drug
Onset / Duration/ excretion time
10 - 20 minutes, 2 - 4 hrs, Excretion 4 - 7 hrs.
Management of CNS depressants overdose
Awake / Coma
Awake: Induce vomiting/ Activated charcoal
Coma: Gastric lavage, haemodialysis, seizure precautions, Romazicon- Antidote for benzos
Romazicon…
Antidote for benzos
Withdrawal from CNS Stimulants
Give these meds (2)
Haldol
Antidepressants
Bromocriptine Parlodel
CNS stimulant overdose
Treatments
2 meds
Cooling for hyperpyrexia
Monitor resp shock and cardiac arrest
Antipsychotics & diazepam (seizures)
Coccaine produces imbalance in these neurotransmitters
Dopamine & Norepinephrine
Buprenorphine is used for…
Suboxone
Treats opiod addiction
Clonidine Catapress can be used for…
Opiod addiction
Nystagmus & violent erratic behavior, blank stare, ataxia, seizures
Seen in this drug….
PCP / Sherm
Treatment for hallucinogens
Meds
Low stimuli
Stay with client provide safety
Diazepam / Haldol
Most deadly and costly drug
Nicotine
Varenicline….
Chantix
Bupropion ….
Zyban
Stop smoking med
Monitor for agitation, insomnia, anxiety
Transtheoretical stages of change theory
5
Precontemplation
Contemplation
Preparation
Action
Maintenance
Used to quit drugs
Health teaching & promotion
Primary prevention
FRAMES
Feed back of personal risks
Responsibility of the patient
Advice to change
Menu of ways to reduce substance abuse
Self- efficacy for patient
