adaptations and survival

Question 1

what is ecology?

Answer 1

study of interactions that take place among organisms and their environment

Question 2

how does adaptation help animals survive in their environment?

Answer 2

adaptations can help an animal breathe, catch food, or hide

Question 3

what is adaptation(animals)

Answer 3

an adaptation is a body part or behavior that helps an animal survive in a particular environment

Question 4

what animals can adapt and what will happen if they cant adapt?

Answer 4

• all animals are adapted to live in certain habitats
• animals that cannot adapt will die out

Question 5

what are the two categories that we can separate for adaptations

Answer 5

physical and behavior

Question 6

what is physical adaptations?

Answer 6

• are body structures that allow an animal
• to find and consume food
• defend itself
• to reproduce its species

Question 7

how does physical adaption help animals?

Answer 7

it helps animals survive in its enviroments

Question 8

types of physical adaptations

Answer 8

• camouflage
• mimicry
• chemical defenses
• body coverings & parts

Question 9

behavioral adapataions allow…

Answer 9

behavioral adaptations allow animals to respond to life needs

Question 10

what is behavioral adaptations?

Answer 10

behavioral adaptations are animal’s adaptations

Question 11

types of behavioral adaptations

Answer 11

• migrations
• hibernations
  -living in groups
• tool use
• calling(communications between animals)
• playing dead
• threatening gestures

Question 12

what is migration

Answer 12

• seasonal or periodic movement of animals in response to changes in climate or food availability, or to ensure reproduction
• most commonly involves movement from one area to another then back again

Question 13

what is hibernation?

Answer 13

• adaptive winter survival technique when an animal becomes inactive and all body process slows down
• most animals eat a lot to have energy

Question 14

what is aestivation?

Answer 14

• aestivation is a state of animal dormancy
• similar to hibernation,
• taking place in the summer rather than the winter.
• Aestivation is characterized by inactivity and a lowered metabolic rate
• entered in response to high temperatures and arid conditions.

Question 15

living in group means?

Answer 15

more eyes in a group to watch out for prey or predators, protections

Question 16

homeostasis is?

Answer 16

• maintenance of constant internal conditions in the face of a varying external environment
• examples:
  = the thickening of fur in winter
  = the seeking of shade in the heat
  = the production of more red blood cells at high altitude

Question 17

what is endotherms?

Answer 17

Endotherms are animals that warm their bodies mainly from their metabolism.

• We call these animals warm-blooded.
• Maintain a constant body temperature regardless of changes in the surrounding temperature

Question 18

what is ectotherms?

Answer 18

Ectotherms are animals that warm their bodies by absorbing heat from their surroundings.

• We call these animals cold-blooded
• Body temperature fluctuates with changes in the surrounding temperature.

Question 19

how do endotherms adapt?

Answer 19

• Fat layers, fur, and feathers insulate the body and retain heat.
• Shivering muscles contract to increase body heat.
• Some animals hibernate. Hibernation enables animals to survive long periods of cold and lack of food.

Question 20

How do ectotherms adapt?

Answer 20

When the weather is warm, they become active. They slow down when the temperature drops.
- To warm up, reptiles find sunny places and stretch out for maximum exposure. If it gets too warm, lizards alternate between sun and shade.
- Amphibians warm up by moving into the sun or diving into warm water. They cool off by entering the shade.

Question 21

Who experiences adaptations?

Answer 21

• All species have experienced adaptation and will continue to slowly adapt as the next generations are born.

We will identify certain species from each of these groups and the reasons for their success:
- Mammals
- Birds
- Reptiles
- Amphibians

Question 22

describe mammals

Answer 22

• Endothermic (warm-blooded)
• All have some type of “hair”
  (Some are very specialized, such as white polar bear fur)
• Method of locomotion
• Care for young

Question 23

describe reptiles

Answer 23

• Ectothermic (cold-blooded)
• Have Scales
• Some undergo hibernation (winter) and estivation (summer)
• Lay eggs on land
• Leg structure and position

Question 24

describe birds

Answer 24

• Leg Length
• Foot Webbing
• Beak Shape

Question 25

describe amphibians

Answer 25

• Ectothermic
• Lay eggs in water
• Partially of fully webbed feet
• Have lungs or can absorb oxygen through their skin

Question 26

name animal defenses

Answer 26

• Camouflage
• Mimicry
• Bright colors
• ‘hair’ projections

Question 27

name resources that organisms may compete for

Answer 27

• Food
• Water
• Sunlight
• Space

Question 28

How does scientists studying the natural world?

Answer 28

• Observing animals
• following tracks
• automatic cameras
• electronic tags