adaptations

Question 1

define adaptation

Answer 1

characteristics that increase an organisms chance of survival and reproduction in its environment

Question 2

state 3 types of adaptations

Answer 2

• anatomical
• behavioural
• physiological

Question 3

define anatomical adaptation

Answer 3

physical features (internal/external)

Question 4

define behavioural adaptations

Answer 4

the way an organism acts
- inherited or learned

Question 5

define physiological adaptation

Answer 5

processes that take place inside an organism

Question 6

give.4 examples of anatomical adaptations

Answer 6

• body covering - hair/scales/feathers/shells, can help fly/stay warm/provide protection
• camouflage - harder for predators to spot
• teeth - shape and type related to diet
• mimicry - allows harmless organisms to scare predators away by appearing poisonous/dangerous

Question 7

give 4 examples of behavioural adaptations

Answer 7

• survival behaviors - opossum plays dead/rabit freezes
• courtship - scorpions “dance” to attract partner, increasing chance of reproducing
• migration - moving from one region to another when environmental conditions are more favorable
• hibernation - inactivity to reduce requirement for food during winter

Question 8

give 3 examples of physiological adaptations

Answer 8

• poison production - to kill prey or protect themselves
• antibiotic production - some bacteria use antibodies to kill other species and outcompete them
• water holding - species of frog can store water in its body, allowing for longterm survival without access tow ater

Question 9

define analogous structures

Answer 9

adapted to perform the same function but have different genetic origin

Question 10

define convergent evolution

Answer 10

unrelated species begin to share similar traits
- due to organisms adapting to similar environments

Question 11

compare the features of the marsupial mole and the placental mole

Answer 11

• resemble each other bc adapted to fill similar niches
• both embryos start life in uterus
• placental - placenta connects embryo to mother’s circulatory system in uterus, nourishing embryo and reaching high maturity before birth
• marsupial - embryo leaves and enters marsupium where they complete development with milk