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192 Clinical Dental Hygiene > Adaptation Strokes > Flashcards

Adaptation Strokes Flashcards

1
Q

What is motion activation?

A

Moving the instrument to produce an instrument stroke against the tooth using wrist and digital movements

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2
Q

What is wrist motion activation?

A

Rotating the hand and wrist together to provide the power for a stroke

Most common

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3
Q

What are the uses of wrist activation?

A

Used for all calculus removal with hand activated instruments

Creates the most power and causes the least amount of fatigue

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4
Q

What is digital motion activation?

A

Moving the instruments by flexing the thumb, index and middle fingers.

Push-pull movements

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5
Q

Uses of digital motion

A

Used primarily with ultrasonic instruments when no physical strength is required.

Not recommended for calculus removal with hand instruments.

Good for restricted areas such as furcations

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6
Q

What is the purpose of rolling the instrument handle?

A

Maintains precise contact of the working end to the tooth surface as it moves around it.

The drive finger (either thumb or index) is used to turn the instrument

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7
Q

What is pivoting?

A

Tiny movement to reposition the hand while the fulcrum supports the hand and arm by balancing on the fulcrum finger

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8
Q

What is the purpose of pivoting on the fulcrum?

A

Maintaining adaptation as the working end moves around the tooth. Used mostly when moving around a line angle onto a proximal surface

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9
Q

What is adaptation?

A

Positioning of the first one to 2 mm of the working ends lateral surface in contact with the tooth

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10
Q

What are the three imaginary sections of the working end?

A

Leading third, middle third, heel third

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11
Q

What is the leading third for a curette or a scaler?

A

The toe for a curette and the tip for a scaler

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12
Q

For correct adaptation where should the leading third be?

A

Always in contact with the tooth surface. Sometimes the middle third as well.

Heel third should never be in contact with the tooth surface

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13
Q

Characteristics of instrumentation strokes

A

The active moving the working end against the tooth surface

Instrumentation strokes can be calculus removal/root debridement strokes or exploratory strokes to detect calculus

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14
Q

What is junctional epithelium?

A

Soft epithelial tissue forming the base of a gingival sulcus/pocket

Consider it’s location moving across the tooth surface, cutting edges could injure the junctional epithelium

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15
Q

What are the three different strokes directions

A

Vertical, oblique, horizontal

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16
Q

Describe vertical strokes

A

Used mostly on anterior teeth on the facial, lingual and proximal surfaces.

On posterior teeth they are used on mesial and distal surfaces

17
Q

Where are obliques strokes used?

A

Facial and lingual surfaces of posterior teeth

18
Q

Where are horizontal strokes used?

A

Line angles of posterior teeth, furcation areas and deep, narrow pockets

Also used on narrow root surfaces of anterior teeth

19
Q

What are the three types of instrumentation strokes?

A

Assessment stroke, calculus removal stroke, root debridement stroke

20
Q

What are assessment strokes used for?

A

Evaluating the tooth surface

To locate calculus deposits

Feather light movements that contact the tooth but without any pressure

21
Q

Describe calculus removal strokes

A

Used to lift calculus deposits off the tooth surface with curettes and scalers

Tiny, biting strokes used to snap calculus deposits off of teeth. Moderate pressure applied

22
Q

Describe root debridement strokes

A

Used to remove residual calculus deposits, bacterial biofilm and byproducts from root surfaces exposed because of gingival recession and root surfaces deep within perio pockets

23
Q

Characteristics of root debridement strokes

A

Lighter shaving stroke of moderate length. Used with curettes and light pressure against the tooth surface

Conservation of cementum facilitates tissue healing

24
Q

Pathological potential of sub gingival calculus deposits

A

Covered with disease causing bacteria
Contributes to perio disease
Important for controlling disease
Surface of calculus is irregular at microscopic level

25
Q

How do we visualize sub gingival calculus

A

Understanding periodontium in cross-section
Use radiographs
Explore root surface
Know root anatomy

26
Q

What is insertion?

A

The act of gently sliding the working and beneath the gingival margin into the sulcus

27
Q

What is angulation?

A

Relation between the face of the working end and the tooth surface

28
Q

What is the angulation for insertion?

A

Face to tooth anguulation should be between zero and 40°

A.k.a. a closed angle

Position the face as close to the tooth surface as possible

29
Q

Where is the get ready zone?

A

Middle third of the crown

30
Q

What is the correct regulation for calculus removal?

A

Greater than 45° and less than 90°

Ideally in the 60 to 80° range. Cutting edge will bite into calculus deposit and snap it from the tooth

31
Q

What is stabilization?

A

Act of locking joints of ring finger and pressing fingertip against the tooth surface.

Provides control of stroke

32
Q

What is lateral pressure?

A

Created by applying pressure with index finger and thumb inward against the instrument handle

Apply before and during instrumentation stroke

33
Q

How much pressure should be used for assessment, calculus removal and root debridement strokes?

A

Assessment – light touch
Calculus removal – firm pressure
Route debridement – less pressure than calculus removal

34
Q

What may happen due to inadequate lateral pressure?

A

Incomplete calculus removal or burnished calculus

35
Q

In what direction are calculus removal strokes always made?

A

Coronally, away from the soft tissue base of the sulcus or pocket

36
Q

Removing large deposits

A

Remove in sections, one section of the deposit at a time

All deposits from one tooth should be removed before moving onto a second

37
Q

What causes the burnishing of calculus?

A

Removing the calculus deposit in layers. Removing the outer most layer will leave the deposit with a smooth surface

Correct angulation will prevent this from occurring

38
Q

What are the effects of burnished calculus?

A

More difficult to detect and remove

Retain biofilms that are associated with inflammation of periodontal tissue

39
Q

What may the results be of angulation errors?

A

Greater than 90° results in tissue injury

Less than 45° results in burnished calculus

192 Clinical Dental Hygiene (12 decks)

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