AD Flashcards
What is AD gen char
Def: progressive dementia that affects memory, higher learning, reasoning, behavior and emotion
Cause: tangles and plaques
What is AD warning signs
- Memory loss that disrupts daily life
- challenges in planning or solving problems
- difficulty completing familiar tasks
- confusion of time or place
- trouble understanding visual images and spatial relationships
- problems speaking or writing
- misplacing things
- decreased judgement
- withdrawl from society
- changes mood and personality
AD prevention
Educate
decrease CV and head trauma issues
Physical activity and healthy eating
Maintain social connections and intellectual activities
What is AD clin
txt goals:
treat cognitive symptoms
maintain pt function
treat psychiatric and behavioral sequelae
txt: educate and plan decisions resources for support and research cognitive systems -cholinesterase inhibitors -memantine non cognitive systems -antipsychotics -antidepressants -anticonvulsants
How manage pts with AD
gentle calm approach empathize maintain daily routine provide daytime activities don't overstimulate use familiar items in living area
cholinesterase inhibitors summary
MOA: prevent breakdown of acetyl choline
Drugs: Donepezil Galantamine Rivastigmine Tacrine
AE: GI bradycardia syncope dizziness pacemaker insertion due to meds
Monitor: do slow titration and taper
memantine summary
MOA: decreases effects of glutamate through blocking NMDA receptors
AE: constipation dizziness HA somnolence
medical food for AD summary
Drug: caprylidene
MOA: add potential energy source to generate ATP and increase acetylcholine
AE: Nausea diarrhea flatulence dyspepsia
Txt algorithm for cognitive symptoms AD
- pt diagnosed with AD
- assess comorbid disorders and dvx therapies that affect cognition
- rule out comorbid depression
- evaluate for pharm based on stage
a) mild: CI
b) mod/severe: CI, memantine or combo - deteriorating MMSE score > 2-4 pts after 1 year change CI
