Acute Respiratory Failure Flashcards
A strategy for preventing pulmonary embolism in pts at risk who cannot take anticoagulants is
Insertion of a vena cava filter
The etiology of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema in acute respiratory distress syndrome is related to damage to the
alveolar-capillary membrane
Which of the following are the physiological effects of positive end-expiratory pressure used in the tx of ARDS
Prevents collapse of unstable alveoli, increases functional residual capacity, opens collapsed alveoli, improves arterial oxygenation
Which of the following treatments may be used to dissolve a thrombus that is lodged in the pulmonary artery?
Thrombolytics
The pt w/ acute respiratory distress syndrome would exhibit which of the following symptoms
Decreasing PaO2 levels despite increased FiO2 administration
When fluid is present in the alveoli
diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide is impaired
The nurse caring for a pt w/ ARDs who is hypoxemic despite mechanical ventilation. The provider prescribes a nontraditional ventilator mode as part of tx. despite sedation and analgesia, the pt remains restless and appears to be in discomfort. the nurse informs the provider of this assessment and anticipates an order for…
neuromuscular blockade
During rounds, the provider alerts the team that proning is being considered for pt w/ ARDs. the nurse understands that proning is..
An optional tx to improve ventilation
A patient at high risk for pulmonary embolism is receiving enoxaparin. The nurse explains to the pt:
“This injection is being given to prevent blood clots from forming”
The nurse calculates the PaO2/FiO2 ratio for the following values: PaO2 is 78; FiO2 is 0.6 (60%) and determine it to be:
130; meets the criteria for ARDS
Which of the following acid-base disturbance commonly occurs w/ hyperventilation and impaired gas exchange seen in severe exacerbation of emphysema
Respiratory Acidosis
You are caring for a pt who is being turned prone as part of tx for acute respiratory distress syndrome. You understand that the priority nursing concern for the pt is which of the following?
Management and protection of the airway
The nurse is caring for a pt w/ a diagnosis of pulmonary embolism. The nurse understands that the most common cause of pulmonary embolus is
DVT from lower extremities
An unconscious pt w/ an opioid overdose is triaged in the ED. ABG values reflect respiratory acidosis. Which of the following interventions address the cause of this pts respiratory acidosis
Administer naloxone
A nurse is caring for a pt in the ICU who requires a ventilatory. The nurse is aware that a ventilator may increase the risk of a pneumothorax in the pt who uses it. Which best describes how this machine can cause a pneumothorax?
The pressure from the ventilator causes a rupture in the lung tissue
