Acute Pancreatitis

Question 1

Definition of AP

Answer 1

Inflammation of thepancreas and associated adjacentorgans
Acute condition of diffuse pancreas inflammation and
Autodigestion present with abdominal pain with raisedpancreatic
Enzyme levels in blood and urine

Question 2

Causes of a.p

Answer 2

Alcohol/ gallstones trauma hyperlipidemia hyperparathyrodism
Drugs { thiazide diuretics
Insecticide
Autoimmune
Tumors
Hereditary
Scorpions
Consequence of gallstonereporal

Question 3

Symptoms andsigns

Answer 3

Excruciating pain occurs after diet worse with lying, coughing deep breathing
Pain in left hypochondrium and epigastric radiates to the back
Pain is intense start fast 10-20mins
Vomiting nausea
Delay in discharge of gases and faeces
Tachycardia
Abdominal guarding
Jaundice
Blindness
Bloating
In sever cases, cyanosis of face
Indigestion
Pain during palpation
Soreness at the point 6-7 cm above the navel

.
Ranson’s criteria
Age> 55yrs
WBC > 1600 mm 3 ‘
Glucose {blood} >200mg|100ml
LDH > 3501.ul
S got >250 franked units
Within 48hours of admission hematicrit. levels fall > 10%
Blood urea nitrogen increases > 5% mg / 100
Serum calcium level < 8mg / 100 ml
Arterial partial pressure of oxygen < 60mmhg
Grey turner sign - pancreas becomes inflammed and undergoes tissuedeath
Cullen sign _ bruising around the umbilicus

Question 4

Diagnosis

Answer 4

Abdominal ultrasound
Abdominal xray
Blood serum amylase and lipase
Puncture retroperteroneal space

Question 5

Treatment

Answer 5

Conservative T.
Drugs -.antibiotics broad
Sandostatin to suppresssecretionof insulingastrin enzyme inhibitors
IV fluids
Surgery only if peritonitis or abscess
Drainage of abdominal cavity

Question 6

Types

Answer 6

Intestinal p.
Necrosis P.
Hemosucus P.

Question 7

Pancreatic cancer symptoms diagnosis treatment

Answer 7

Pain in the epigastric and right hypochondria-cancer of the head
Pain in the epigastric and left hypochondria- cancer of body
Weight loss
Aching back pain
Nausea weakness
Jaundice
Apathy
Heartburn
Loss of appetite
Bradycardia
Itchy skin
Ascites
Bleeding vomiting

Risk factors
Age>50
Chronic disease of liver
DM
Smoking
Alcohol abuse
Hereditary

Lab -ct
Ultrasound
Laparoscopy
FGDS
Endoscopic ultrasonography

Treatment
Radical surgery
Palliative surgery-remove obstacles of bile flow remove lymph nodes