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210 OSPE > Acute Odontogenic infection + SG > Flashcards

Acute Odontogenic infection + SG Flashcards

1
Q

What are the origins of (localised) acute odontogenic infections?

A

Dental pulp
Periodontal tissues
Pericoronal tussues.

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2
Q

Where can acute odontogenic infections spread and cause?

A

Dental infections can progress to a localised abscesses which can spread beyond the confines of the jaws facial or neck and soft tissues.

Ludwigs Angina

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3
Q

What is the treatment for acute odontogenic infections ?

A

Removal of cause and medications

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4
Q

What are signs and symptoms of acute odontogenic infections?

A

Pain (symptom)
Oedema (sign)
Erythema (sign)
Suppuration (sign)

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5
Q

Potential treatments of acute odontogenic infections

A

Exo, RTC, periodontal tx

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6
Q

Can you use antibiotics for acute odontogenic infections ?

A

Only when facial involvement, spread has gone beyond the confines of the jaw = facial swelling.
Systemic origins, fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy

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7
Q

Will antibiotics resolve acute odontogenic infections?

A

NO, only n adjunct to tx.

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8
Q

When should antibiotics not be used for acute odontogenic infections ?

A

Dental pain, pulpitis, infection localised to tooth, delayed provision of definition dental tx.

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9
Q

What is treatment for localised infection?

A

PA absess: endo, exo
Periodontal abscess: root debridement, exo
Pericoronal: local treatment - Irrigate underneath operculum with sterile sol, warm saline or chlorhexidine mouthwashes.
EXO

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10
Q

Where can untreated dental infections spread?

A

Untreated localised infections may spread into surrounding tissues.
Superficial: Canine or buccal spaces or deep involving upper neck.
Deep: upper neck

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11
Q

How do you manage dental infections?

A
  1. Remove cause
  2. Establish drainage
  3. Support the pt with analgesics and rehydration (hydralite).
  4. Consider antibiotics (only if systemic).
  5. Do not delay tx based in efficacy of LA.
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12
Q

What are signs and symptoms of untreated localised infection

A

Trismus, dysphagia, stridor, dyspnoea, elevated and firmness of tognue

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13
Q

Infection of the mandibular third molars is caused in what space and what could cause these?

A

Sub-masseteric space infection. Pericoronitis, caries, abscess.
Contaminated IAN block, or direct trauma can result in trismus

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14
Q

What can source can cause sublingual space infections?

A

Mandibular pre-molars, periodontally involved lower molars, lingual infections, whartons duct infection, sialadenitis

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15
Q

What can source can cause submandibular space infections?

A

Mandibular 3rd and 2nd molars, sometimes 1s can spread from sublingual or submental spaces

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16
Q

What can source can cause lateral pharangeal space infections?

A

This space is bounded by sperior pharyngeal constrictor m. superiorly, medial pterygoid m. latterally.
Mandibular molars, pericoronitis. Infection from this area can spread to retropharyngeal space = mediastinitis (cut off air circulation).
Involves:
Tonsil displacement
Trismus
Dysphagia
Swelling of pharynx

17
Q

When antibiotic are required what and how much will be prescribed? When do you review?

A 
Consult with dental officer who many choose the following:
Amoxycillin 500mg (child 12.5mg/kg upto 500mn) orally 8hrs, 5 days OR for penicillin IV sensitivities clindaymycin 300mg, orally 8hrs, 5 days.

48-72hrs

18
Q

What are complications of acute odontogenic infections?

A

Ludwigs Angina: characteristics are severe bilateral cellulitis involving the neck spaces from mandible to thoracic inlet.
Systemic origin. High risk of death.

19
Q

What causes cavernous sinus thrombosis

A

Denal infection, valves are valvless therefore can result in retrogade flow into the cavernous sinus.
Clinical signs:
Restricted eye movement, pain, fever

20
Q

What is Alveolar Osteitis?

A

Dry socket

21
Q

How does alveolar osteitis present?

A

PO pain around exo socket, ↑in severity between 1-3 days after exo. Accompanied by a partially or totally disintegrated blood clot within the socket.

Risk factor: gender, age, smoking,

22
Q

How do you manage alveolar osteitis?

A

Should spontaneous heal 2-3 weeks. Can irrigate currettage, and alveoly gel. Treat symptoms analgesics and mouthwashes.

Differential diagnosis: osteomyelitis, BRON (bisphophinate related osteo necrosis) , alveolar squamous cell carcinoma.

23
Q

What is acute suppurative sialadenitis?

A

A salivary gland infection.

  • Rapid onset of pain, swelling
  • Glands enlarged, pus, hot and tense expressed from the duct
  • dehydration
  • bacterial infection
  • Consult with dentist

210 OSPE (3 decks)

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