Acute Leukemia Flashcards
What is Leukemia ?
Leukemia is a clonal disease that result from the genetic mutation and transfer of a SINGLE early haematopoetic progenitor cell.
Leukemia is associated with?
- Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Disruption in key signaling pathway
- Reccursnt cytogenetic abnormalities
Multi potential haematopoetic stem cell is divided into?
A. Common myeloid progenitor
B. Common lymphoid progenitor
Common myeloid progenitor cells can be divided into:
MYELOBLAST
Erythroblast
Megakaryocyte-thrombocyte
MYELOBLAST is further divided into
Basophil neutrophils eosinophils monocytes (BNEM)
Common lymphoid progenitor give rise to
Small lymphocytes which is divided into T and B lymphocytes
Leukemia is classified
Based on maturity and cell type
Acute leukemia is classified into
Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Chronic leukemia is classified as
Chronic MYELOCYTIC
Chronic LYMPHOCYTIC Leukemia’s
Variants of Acure Leukemia
Biphenotypic
Bilineage
Acute leukemia
It is characterized by uncontrollable clinal differentiation and accumulation of poorly differentiated blast cells in blood , bone marrow and tissues.
In acute leukemia what is the percentage of blast cells in blood or bone marrow?
Over 20%
Are the leukemic cells found in blood stream if acute leukemia
No
In Acute Leukemia the abnormal cells replace the normal bone marrow tissue resulting in
Anaemia
Thrombocytopenia
Leukopenia/leucocytosis
Leukemia account for how many percentage in haematology emergency??
20 to 30%
Acute Leukemia account for how many percent in Adult?
30 to 40%
Chronic Leukemia account for how many percent in Adults?
60 to 70%
Acute Lymphoblastic Anaemia and Acute Myeloblastic Anaemia which is the most commonest form in cancer IN CHILDREN?
ACITE LYMPHOBLASTIC ANAEMIA
How many percentage is seen in children under 10? In ALL
70 to 80 percent
Peak incidence of ALL can be
Seen at 2-3 years and Also 60 years
ALL can be seen in what gender ?
Male (BOYS)
ALL ( acute Lymphoblastic leukemia)can be seen more in what RACE?
INCIDENCE higher in EUROPE and low in AFRICA, SOUTH AMERICAN and ASIA
ACUTE MYELOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA is common in ADULTS OR CHILDREN?
Adults (80%)
In what age does AML
There is increased frequency of age and the median age at 65 years
