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Haematology > Acute Leukemia > Flashcards

Acute Leukemia Flashcards

1
Q

What is Leukemia ?

A

Leukemia is a clonal disease that result from the genetic mutation and transfer of a SINGLE early haematopoetic progenitor cell.

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2
Q

Leukemia is associated with?

A
  1. Chromosomal Abnormalities
  2. Disruption in key signaling pathway
  3. Reccursnt cytogenetic abnormalities
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3
Q

Multi potential haematopoetic stem cell is divided into?

A

A. Common myeloid progenitor
B. Common lymphoid progenitor

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4
Q

Common myeloid progenitor cells can be divided into:

A

MYELOBLAST
Erythroblast
Megakaryocyte-thrombocyte

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5
Q

MYELOBLAST is further divided into

A

Basophil neutrophils eosinophils monocytes (BNEM)

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6
Q

Common lymphoid progenitor give rise to

A

Small lymphocytes which is divided into T and B lymphocytes

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7
Q

Leukemia is classified

A

Based on maturity and cell type

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8
Q

Acute leukemia is classified into

A

Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

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9
Q

Chronic leukemia is classified as

A

Chronic MYELOCYTIC
Chronic LYMPHOCYTIC Leukemia’s

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10
Q

Variants of Acure Leukemia

A

Biphenotypic
Bilineage

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11
Q

Acute leukemia

A

It is characterized by uncontrollable clinal differentiation and accumulation of poorly differentiated blast cells in blood , bone marrow and tissues.

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12
Q

In acute leukemia what is the percentage of blast cells in blood or bone marrow?

A

Over 20%

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13
Q

Are the leukemic cells found in blood stream if acute leukemia

A

No

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14
Q

In Acute Leukemia the abnormal cells replace the normal bone marrow tissue resulting in

A

Anaemia
Thrombocytopenia
Leukopenia/leucocytosis

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15
Q

Leukemia account for how many percentage in haematology emergency??

A

20 to 30%

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16
Q

Acute Leukemia account for how many percent in Adult?

A

30 to 40%

17
Q

Chronic Leukemia account for how many percent in Adults?

A

60 to 70%

18
Q

Acute Lymphoblastic Anaemia and Acute Myeloblastic Anaemia which is the most commonest form in cancer IN CHILDREN?

A

ACITE LYMPHOBLASTIC ANAEMIA

19
Q

How many percentage is seen in children under 10? In ALL

A

70 to 80 percent

20
Q

Peak incidence of ALL can be

A

Seen at 2-3 years and Also 60 years

21
Q

ALL can be seen in what gender ?

A

Male (BOYS)

22
Q

ALL ( acute Lymphoblastic leukemia)can be seen more in what RACE?

A

INCIDENCE higher in EUROPE and low in AFRICA, SOUTH AMERICAN and ASIA

23
Q

ACUTE MYELOBLASTIC LEUKEMIA is common in ADULTS OR CHILDREN?

A

Adults (80%)

24
Q

In what age does AML

A

There is increased frequency of age and the median age at 65 years

25
Q

Classifications of Acute Leukemia

A

FAB ( French American British Classification 1976)
WHO ( World health organization (2002 and 2008)
Immunological classifications

Haematology (1 decks)

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