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Physiotherapy II > Acute Knee Injuries > Flashcards

Acute Knee Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

List common injuries to the knee

A
  • Medial meniscus tear.
  • MCL sprain.
  • ACL sprain.
  • Lateral meniscal tear.
  • Articular cartilage injury.
  • PCL injury.
  • Patellar dislocation.
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2
Q

Time relation to onset of injury (intermediate hemarthrosis)

A
  • 0-2 hrs. Degree and time of onset can reflect either intra articular of extra articular injury.
  • Patellar dislocation.
  • Major chondral lesion.
  • MCL sprain (deep)
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3
Q

Time relation to onset of injury (Delayed effusion)

A
  • 6-24 hrs. Degree and time of onset can reflect either intra articular of extra articular injury.
  • Meniscus.
  • Smaller chondral lesion.
  • May represent synovitis and is a feature of meniscal and chondral injury.
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4
Q

Time relation to onset of injury (no swelling)

A
  • Degree and time of onset can reflect either intra articular of extra articular injury.
  • MCL sprain (superficial).
  • May represent synovitis and is a feature of meniscal and chondral injury.
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5
Q

Why is the time of injury vs. time of onset of swelling important

A

Degree and time of onset can reflect either intra articular of extra articular injury.

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6
Q

List special tests that indicate ACL injury

A
  • Lachman’s test. (30 deg. knees flexion + tibia ext. rotation then ant. drawers test)
  • Anterior drawer test.
  • Pivot shift test.(int. rot. valgus stress and knee flexion)
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7
Q

List special tests that indicate PCL injury

A
  • Posterior drawer test.
  • Posterior sag sign.
  • Reverse Lachman’s test.(30 deg. knees flexion + tibia int. rotation then post. drawers test)
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8
Q

List special tests that indicate Meniscal injury

A
  • McMurrays’s test. (knee fully flexed, internal rotation(for lateral) or medial rotation(for medial) and move into extension)
  • Joint line tenderness.
  • Apley’s test.
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9
Q

List special tests that indicate MCL injury

A
  • Valgus stress test.
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10
Q

List special tests that indicate LCL injury

A
  • Varus stress test.
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11
Q

List some key outcome measures to assess functional activity level

A
  • International knee documentation committee (IKDC) Subjective evaluation form.
  • Knee injury and osteoarthritis score (KOOS).
  • Lysholm knee scoring scale.
  • Tehner activity scale.
  • Activity rating scale.
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12
Q

List the 6 types of meniscal tear injuries

A

Longitudinal tear (progress to Bucket handle tear).
Horizontal tear (progress to Flap tear).
Radial tear (progress to Parrot Beak tear).

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13
Q

Meniscal rehab goals Phase 1
(Time and 5 points)

A
  • 0-1 week.
  • control swelling.
  • maintain knee ext.
  • knee flexion to 100 deg.
  • 4/5 quad strength.
  • 4/5 hamstring strength.
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14
Q

Meniscal rehab goals Phase 2
(Time and 5 points)

A
  • 1-2 weeks.
  • Full ROM.
  • 4+/5 quadricep strength.
  • 5/5 hamstring strength.
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15
Q

Meniscal rehab goals Phase 3
(Time and 5 points)

A
  • 2-3 weeks.
  • Full ROM.
  • Full strength.
  • Full squat.
  • Dynamic proprioceptive training.
  • Return to running and restricted sport specific drills.
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16
Q

Meniscal rehab goals Phase 4
(Time and 5 points)

A
  • 3-5 weeks.
  • Full ROM.
  • Full Strength.
  • Full endurance.
  • Return to sport specific drills and restricted training and match play.
17
Q

Mild MCL rehab goals Phase 1
(Time and 5 points)

A
  • 0-1 week.
  • Control swelling.
  • Knee flexion to 100.
  • Allow +20 extension.
  • 4/5 quadriceps strength.
  • 4/5 hamstring strength.
18
Q

Mild MCL rehab goals Phase 2
(Time and 6 points)

A
  • 1-2 weeks.
  • Eliminate swelling.
  • Full ROM.
  • Allow +10 extension.
  • 4+/5 quadriceps strength.
  • 5/5 hamstring strength.
  • Return to light jogging.
19
Q

Mild MCL rehab goals Phase 3
(Time and 5 points)

A
  • 2-4 weeks.
  • Full ROM.
  • Full strength.
  • Full squat.
  • Dynamic proprioceptive training.
  • Return to running and restricted sports specific drills.
20
Q

Mild MCL rehab goals Phase 4
(Time and 4 points)

A
  • 3-6 weeks.
  • Full ROM
  • Full strength
  • Full endurance
  • Return to sports specific drills and restricted training and match play.
21
Q

Moderate MCL rehab goals Phase 1
(Time and 5 points)

A
  • 0-4 weeks.
  • Control swelling.
  • Knee flexion to 90.
  • Allow +30 extension.
  • 4/5 quadriceps strength.
  • 4/5 hamstring strength.
22
Q

Moderate MCL rehab goals Phase 2
(Time and 5 points)

A
  • 4-6 weeks.
  • Eliminate swelling.
  • Full ROM.
  • FWB.
  • 4+/5 quadriceps strength.
  • 5/5 hamstring strength.
23
Q

Moderate MCL rehab goals Phase 3
(Time and 5 points)

A
  • 6-10 weeks.
  • Full ROM.
  • Full strength.
  • Full squat.
  • Dynamic proprioceptive training.
  • Return to light jogging.
  • Return to running and restricted sports specific drills.
24
Q

Moderate MCL rehab goals Phase 4
(Time and 5 points)

A
  • 8-10/12 weeks.
  • Full ROM.
  • Full strength.
  • Full endurance.
  • Return to sports specific drills and restricted training and match play.
25
Q

ACL prehab goals
(4 points)

A
  • N/minimal swelling.
  • Restore FROM particularly extension.
  • General 4+/5 lower limb strength or better.
  • Education.
26
Q

ACL rehab goals Phase 1
(Time and 5 points)

A
  • 0-2 weeks.
  • PWB FWB.
  • Eliminate swelling.
  • 0 -100 ROM.
  • 4+/5 quadriceps strength.
  • 5/5 hamstring strength.
27
Q

ACL rehab goals Phase 2
(Time and 6 points)

A
  • 2-12 weeks.
  • No swelling.
  • Full knee extension.
  • Knee flexion to 130 +.
  • Full squat.
  • Good balance and control.
  • Unrestricted walking.
28
Q

ACL rehab goals Phase 3
(Time and 4 points)

A
  • 3-6 months.
  • Full ROM.
  • Full strength and power.
  • Return to jogging, running, and agility.
  • Return to restricted sport specific drills.
29
Q

ACL rehab goals Phase 4
(Time and 1 point)

A
  • 6 -12 months.
  • Return to sports.
30
Q

List problems that are unaccounted for during ACL rehab
(non treatment and non surgical)

A
  • Lower back pain.
  • Instability.
  • Symptomatic meniscus tears.
31
Q

List problems that are unaccounted for during ACL rehab
(surgical treated)

A
  • Patellar region pain.
  • Soft tissue stiffness.
  • Soft tissue laxity.
  • Muscle weakness.
  • Poor proprioception.
  • Psychosocial problems.
32
Q

Outcomes after ACL Rx.
(4 points)

A
  1. Patient’s own perception of knee function.
  2. Return to pre injury sporting activity.
  3. Re injury rate.
  4. Prevalence of osteoarthritis.
33
Q

PCL rehab goals Phase 1
(Time and 5 points)

A
  • 0 - 2 weeks.
  • PWB.
  • Eliminate swelling.
  • 0 - 100 ROM.
  • 4+/5 quadriceps strength.
  • 5/5 hamstring strength.
34
Q

PCL rehab goals Phase 2
(Time and 4 points)

A
  • 2 - 4 weeks.
  • No swelling.
  • Full ROM.
  • 4+/5 quadriceps strength.
  • 5/5 hamstring strength.
35
Q

PCL rehab goals Phase 3
(Time and 4 points)

A
  • 4 - 6 weeks.
  • Full ROM.
  • Full strength & power.
  • Return to jogging, running, and agility.
  • Return to restricted sports specific drills.
36
Q

PCL rehab goals Phase 4
(Time and 1 point)

A
  • 6 -10 weeks.
  • Return to sports
37
Q

Explain four functions of the meniscus

A
  • Increase stability of the femorotibial joint.
  • Distribute axial load.
  • Absorb shock.
  • Provides lubrication and nutrition to the knee joint.

Physiotherapy II (6 decks)

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