Acute Kidney Injury Flashcards
What are the most easily measured and recognisable indicators of loss of kidney function?
Na+ and water imbalance
Accumulation of creatinine and waste products
Acidosis/accumulation of acids
What are the diagnostic criteria of AKI?
Increased serum creatinine or reduction in urine output over 48hr period
How many AKI stages are there?
3
What is AKI stage 1?
Increase in creatinine concentration by 25µmol or 150-200%
Urine output is 6 hrs
What is AKI stage 2?
Increase in creatinine concentration by 200-300%
Urine output is 12 hrs
What is AKI stage 3?
Increase in creatinine concentration by ≥350µmol or >300%
Urine output is 24 hrs or anuria for 24 hrs.
What is the normal serum concentration for creatinine?
70-150mmol/L
What role do the kidneys play in hormone regulation?
Activation of 25-OH vitamin D to 1,25-OH vitamin D
Production of erythropoietin
What is commonly lost early in AKI?
Urine concentrating ability
What 4 general abnormalities can be present in AKI?
Na/water imbalance
Accumulation of solutes and waste products
Accumulation of acids
Abnormalities of endocrine function
What are the most easily measured and recognised indicators of loss of kidney function in AKI?
- Na/water imbalance – loss of urine output is not invariable
- Accumulation of solutes and waste products AND
- Accumulation of acids
What is the definition of AKI stage I?
Creatinine increased by 25µmol or 150-200%
Urine output <0.5 for more than 6 hours
What is the definition of AKI stage II?
Creatinine increased by 200-300%
Urine output <0.5 for more than 12 hours
What is the definition of AKI stage III?
Creatinine increased by 25µmol or 150-200%
Urine output <0.5 for more than 6 hours
