Acute Inflammation Flashcards
What does the suffix -itis mean?
Inflammation
Acute inflammation is the ……………. response to infection
Initial
How long does acute inflammation last?
Hours or days
When looking for acute inflammation, you look for this cell.
Neutrophil polymorph
2 characteristics of the Neutrophil polymorph
- Lobed nucleus
2. Stains neutral pink colour
5 symptoms of acute inflammation
- Tumor (swelling)
- Calor (heat)
- Dolor (pain)
- Rubor (red)
- Function lease ( loss of function)
Causes of acute inflammation
- Physical agents/trauma
- Infections
- Hypersensisitivity reactions
- Chemicals
- Tissue Necrosis
Suppuration is what?
PUSS
What are the 2 types of acute inflammation?
- Serous
2. Suppurative
In serous inflammation, where does the fluid come from?
Mesothelial cells or plasma
Exudate definition
- Extravascular fluid
- High in protein
- High in cellular debris
Transudate
- Extravascular fluid -Low protein
- No cellular debris
Oedema defintion
Excess fluid (exudate or transudate) in interstitial tissue/serous cavities
Puss constituents
exudate with high levels of neutrophils, dead cell debris and microbes
3 stages of acute inflammation
- Changes in Vessel Calibre
- Increased vascular permeability & fluid exudate
- Cellular exudate forms
What causes the mass vasodilation in the initial change in vessel calibre?
Histamines and Nitrous oxides
When does vasodilation occur?
15 mins - hrs after injury
What causes formation of fluid exudate?
Proteins then water escaping vessels due to increased permeability
Purpose of fluid exudate
Dilution of toxins Entry of antibodies Stimulation of Immune S Transport of drugs Oxygen and nutrient delivery
What is one imitating factor of cellular exudate formation?
Loss of fluid, thickening and slowing of blood = stasis–> neutrophils line up and ooze through
Where are neutrophils made?
In bone marrow
Chemotaxis
chemical signalling. e.g. it attracts neutrophils to move into tissues
