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EMS > Acute Inflammation > Flashcards

Acute Inflammation Flashcards

1
Q

What does the suffix -itis mean?

A

Inflammation

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2
Q

Acute inflammation is the ……………. response to infection

A

Initial

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3
Q

How long does acute inflammation last?

A

Hours or days

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4
Q

When looking for acute inflammation, you look for this cell.

A

Neutrophil polymorph

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5
Q

2 characteristics of the Neutrophil polymorph

A
  1. Lobed nucleus

2. Stains neutral pink colour

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6
Q

5 symptoms of acute inflammation

A
  1. Tumor (swelling)
  2. Calor (heat)
  3. Dolor (pain)
  4. Rubor (red)
  5. Function lease ( loss of function)
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7
Q

Causes of acute inflammation

A
  1. Physical agents/trauma
  2. Infections
  3. Hypersensisitivity reactions
  4. Chemicals
  5. Tissue Necrosis
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8
Q

Suppuration is what?

A

PUSS

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9
Q

What are the 2 types of acute inflammation?

A
  1. Serous

2. Suppurative

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10
Q

In serous inflammation, where does the fluid come from?

A

Mesothelial cells or plasma

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11
Q

Exudate definition

A
  • Extravascular fluid
  • High in protein
  • High in cellular debris
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12
Q

Transudate

A
  • Extravascular fluid -Low protein

- No cellular debris

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13
Q

Oedema defintion

A

Excess fluid (exudate or transudate) in interstitial tissue/serous cavities

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14
Q

Puss constituents

A

exudate with high levels of neutrophils, dead cell debris and microbes

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15
Q

3 stages of acute inflammation

A
  1. Changes in Vessel Calibre
  2. Increased vascular permeability & fluid exudate
  3. Cellular exudate forms
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16
Q

What causes the mass vasodilation in the initial change in vessel calibre?

A

Histamines and Nitrous oxides

17
Q

When does vasodilation occur?

A

15 mins - hrs after injury

18
Q

What causes formation of fluid exudate?

A

Proteins then water escaping vessels due to increased permeability

19
Q

Purpose of fluid exudate

A 
Dilution of toxins
Entry of antibodies
Stimulation of Immune S
Transport of drugs
Oxygen and nutrient delivery
20
Q

What is one imitating factor of cellular exudate formation?

A

Loss of fluid, thickening and slowing of blood = stasis–> neutrophils line up and ooze through

21
Q

Where are neutrophils made?

A

In bone marrow

22
Q

Chemotaxis

A

chemical signalling. e.g. it attracts neutrophils to move into tissues

EMS (2 decks)

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