Acute inflammation

Question 1

Inflammatory reactions may be triggered by:
a. Immune reactions
b. Tissue necrosis
c. Both of the above
d. None of the above

Answer 1

c. Both of the above

Question 2

Physiological significance of inflammation includes the following, except:
a. Cause pain and swelling
b. Prevent the spread of infection
c. Remove foreign agents & pathogens
d. Set the stage for wound healing

Answer 2

a. Cause pain and swelling

Question 3

Symptoms of inflammation include:
a. Cause pain and swelling
b. Prevent the spread of infection
c. Remove foreign agents & pathogens
d. Stimulation of tissue repair

Answer 3

a. Cause pain and swelling

Question 4

Explain how the symptoms of inflammation occur

Question 5

……………. inflammation is characterised by body fluid with little or no cells
a. Fibrinous
b. Serous
c. Purulent
d. Ulcer

Answer 5

b. Serous

Question 6

…………… inflammation histologically appears like eosinophilic threads
a. Fibrinous
b. Serous
c. Purulent
d. Ulcer

Answer 6

a. Fibrinous

Question 7

In acute inflammation, 1st major component involves
a. Dilation of small vessels leading to an increase in blood flow
b. Increased permeability of the microvasculature enabling plasma proteins
c. Emigration of leukocytes from the microcirculation
d. None of the above

Answer 7

a. Dilation of small vessels leading to an increase in blood flow

Question 8

Cytoplasmic preparation of eosinophilic effusion usually presents:
a. Eosinophil >10% of nucleated cells
b. Defining eosinophilic cytoplasm that is very conspicuous
c. Both of the above are correct
d. None of the above are correct

Answer 8

a. Eosinophil >10% of nucleated cells

Question 9

About 1/3 patients with SLE develop a ………. effusion
a. Pleural or peritoneal
b. Pleural or pericardial
c. Pleural, only
d. Pericardial, only

Answer 9

b. Pleural or pericardial

Question 10

A pleural effusion consisting mostly of small lymphocytes is justified for iHC workup if patients are known to have:
a. Coronary artery bypass
b. TB infection
c. Lymphoma
d. All of the above

Answer 10

c. Lymphoma

Question 11

Pericardial effusion shows a few atypical cells with moderate nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio and hypochromatin. This suggests:
a. Diagnosis of acute inflammation
b. Diagnosis of malignancy
c. Negative for malignancy
d. Suspicion of malignancy for further investigation

Answer 11

d. Suspicion of malignancy for further investigation

Question 12

Acute inflammation has 3 possible outcomes, what are they?

Answer 12

1. To prevent the spread of the damaging agents near the tissue
2. Disposes of cell debris & pathogens
3. Sets the stage for the cell repair process

Question 13

Compare & contrast exudate with transudate

Question 14

List and describe the 3 components in acute inflammation

Question 15

List and describe the 4-types of acute inflammatory morphologic patterns

Answer 15

1. Serous inflammation
2. Fibrinous inflammation
3. Purulent inflammation abscess
4. Ulcer

Question 16

What are the 5 symptoms of acute inflammation? Explain

Answer 16

1. Rubor (redness): increased vasodilation
2. Calor (heat): increased blood flow, cellular degradation, release of cellular content
3. Tumour (swelling): increased fluid to the site of injury
4. Dolor (pain): proprioception (sense of self movement), local pressure, neural feedback
5. Function laesa (5th): loss of function in fibrosis, when tissue is healing

Question 17

What are the chemical mediators released during the vascular