Acute Colitis Flashcards
4 abx with high risk for c.diff
clindamycin
cephalosporins
fluoroquinolones
augmentin
t/f: all abx carry some risk for c.diff
t!
2 abx that are moderate risk for c.diff
sulfonamides -> bactrim
macrolides
4 low risk abx for c.diff
doxycycline
aminoglycosides
metronidazole
vanco
3 sx of acute colitis
fever
mucoid stools
onset w.in hours
CT findings of acute colitis
ileal and colonic bowel wall thickening w.o obstruction
management of inpt acute colitis
fluids: LR 2L
oral rehydration
antiemetics
abx
abx for cdiff
po vanco
metronidazole
moa of vanco and metro
inhibit cell wall synthesis
3 s.e of vanco
redman
ototoxicity
nephrotoxicity
s.e of metro
disulfram rxn
what lab needs to be monitored for pt on metro
LFTs in elderly
doc for salmonella
cipro
alt: bactrim
when are f.u stool cultures recommended in acute colitis management
pt’s working in industries handling food or pt care
negative cultures for what 3 organisms are required if stool cultures are needed (food/healthcare workers)
salmonella
shigella
shiga toxin producing e.coli
how do you know when you’ve adequately rehydrated pt on IVF
adequate urine production
first line antiemetic for hospitalized pt
zofran 4 mg IV q4 hr
alt: phenergan
phenergan can be __ toxic (2)
liver
vaso
2 adverse effects of reglan (metoclopramide)
GI bleed
renal impairment
empiric abx doc for inpt bacterial colitis
ceftriaxone
OR
levofloxacin
when should you start abx for bacterial colitis
immediately after stool culture (don’t wait for result -> target after if necessary )
t/f: most patients w. AKI should be hospitalized
t!
fluid replacement
what 3 food borne bacteria are associated w. bloody diarrhea
e.coli
shigella
campylobacter
+/- salmonella
mc cause of HUS
e.coli
3 sx of HUS
elevated BUN/Cr
hemolytic anemia
thrombocytopenia
what bacteria causes travelers diarrhea
e.coli (etec)
what bacteria do you think of when you see “rice water stools”
vibrio
what do you think when you see: bloody, water, mucus and pus diarrhea with fever
shigella
what food borne pathogen is associated w. bacteremia
salmonella
what food borne bacteria is associated w. GB and reactive arthritis
campylobacter
what food borne bacteria has a prodrome of fever, HA, myalgia, malaise
campylobacter
giardia presents __ weeks after exposure
1-3
what organism is associated w. toxic megacolon
c.diff
fever is rare with what waterborne pathogen
vibrio
what strain of e.coli is associated w. HUS
0157:H7
what foods is e.coli associated w. (3)
undercooked beef
unpasteurized milk/juice
cattle
what foods is vibrio associated w. (2)
shellfish - raw oysters
water/poor sanitation
how is shigella transmitted (3)
fecal oral/p2p
flies
inanimate objects
what foods is salmonella associated w. (4)
meat
eggs
food handlers
reptiles
what foods is campylobacter associated w. (3)
sausages
hard meats
undercooked chicken
mc cause of epidemic waterborne diarrheal dz
giardia
how is giardia transmitted
fecal oral
4 rf for c.diff
abx
advanced age
previous hospitalization
nursing home
tx for e.coli
supportive
abx if travelers diarrhea -> cipro
what strain of e.coli is associated w. travelers diarrhea
enterotoxigenic E
NOT 0157:h7
abx for vibrio
cipro or doxy
tx for shigella
cipro
alt: bactrim/azithro
abx for salmonella
cipro
alt: bactrim
abx are rarely indicated for what 3 food borne pathogens
salmonella
vibrio
e.coli
hydration is main tx
abx for campylobacter
cipro
alt: azithro
abx for giardia (2)
metronidazole
tinidazole
abx for c.diff (3)
oral vanco
fidaxamin
metro
what pathogen is associated with dysentery
shigella
what bacteria is associated w. cholera
vibrio
